The importance of ecological and socio-technological literacy in R&D priority setting: the case of a fruit innovation system in Guinea,West Africa

The introduction of farmer participatory approaches over the past decades has to some extent improved the relevance and uptake of research results. While R&D prioritization increasingly involves more stakeholders, including the private sector, policymakers and civil society, building ecological literacy among all stakeholders is urgent, especially for sustainable agricultural development. A case study of an emerging fruit innovation system in Guinea, West Africa, highlights the challenges of supply- and demand-driven approaches to R&D prioritization. Shallow ecological knowledge and a blind faith in ‘modern’ technologies by scientists and farmers alike distort prioritization. Locally available, appropriate technologies are dismissed in favour of high technologies that are inaccessible to most smallholder growers. Strengthening the ecological literacy of all stakeholders may help to overcome this bias. On the other hand, building socio-technological literacy would allow innovation intermediaries, who typically act as brokers between the demand- and supply-side of technologies, to better understand the social and institutional contexts of technologies and how these affect potential uptake by poor farmers. Member centres of the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) could use the notion of ecological and socio-technological literacy to better understand supply and demand of technology and to work more effectively with their partners towards pro-poor and sustainable agricultural development.     

Mind the context gap: a critical review of engagement within the public sector and an agenda for future research

Abstract

In this review paper, we critically examine the evidence base relating to engagement within the public sector given a wide range of public services have faced acute human resource challenges over recent years. Our review of 188 empirical studies reveals that much of the evidence focuses attention on individual and job level factors, such that specific public sector contextual contingencies have rarely been considered. Through identifying significant ‘context gaps’, we present a future research agenda addressing the following key areas: i) clarifying the relationship between engagement and public service motivation, ii) further contextualizing general engagement models, iii) exploring cultural, socio-political, and institutional factors in more depth, iv) encouraging a more critical perspective on engagement, v) understanding the variation in the experience of engagement across different public services/delivery models, and vi) connecting more strongly with practical concerns and initiatives within public organizations. In presenting this agenda, we highlight how engagement and HRM scholars can more strongly embed their research within a sectoral context.     

我国《公允价值计量》准则研究

随着理论研究的深入、市场条件的完善以及国际趋同的推动,我国制定公允价值计量准则及其指南的条件日益成熟。准则制定中应遵循兼顾现实性和前瞻性、原则与规则并重、开放性等原则。公允价值计量准则主要应规范如下内容:公允价值定义、应用范围、获取方法以及充分披露。     

日本大学物流类课程特点探析与启示

日本大学开设物流专业有20多年的历史,形成了完善的课程设置体系。通过对日本物流类专业课程设置的分析,发现日本国立大学物流类专业不区分物流管理与物流工程,注重学科交叉融合;导入性科目设计合理,循序渐进开展教学;实验环节多,实用性强;重视基础课程开设;专题讲座（讲义）促进产学研的结合等特点。在此基础上,提出了对我国高校物流专业课程设置的启示和建议。     

大坝安全监测项目设置和测点布置思路构建

本文以河北省邢台市的朱庄水库为例,结合大坝安全监测的实际要求及管理监测特点,探讨了其安全监测项目设置及测点布置思路,并针对历史监测遗留问题进行了深入分析,以期为同行就大坝安全监测管理问题提供必要的帮助与启发。     

黑穗醋栗整形修剪的研究

分别在带状和丛状栽植的黑穗醋栗试验区内采用随机区组实验设计,三次重复,小区面积为200m2左右。进行整形修剪研究,通过观察黑穗醋栗植株生长和当年结果情况,确定了黑穗醋栗合理的整形修剪方法。     

浅析高职专业设置前的市场调研

高职院校要设置具有前瞻性的专业,必须遵循科学的原则,以市场为导向,做好市场调研工作。本文在阐述专业设置原则的基础上,提出了高职专业设置的市场调研途径,对专业设置中市场调研的信息获取问题提出了自己的观点。     

浅谈路桥施工的测量放样

近年来,随着我国经济建设工作的不断发展,以及各地区交通运输压力的日益加大,路桥建设行业得到了快速的发展。在我国路桥建设行业的发展历程中,路桥建设的设计和施工日益呈现出规范化和标准化的发展趋势。因此,在路桥施工的准备阶段和施工过程中,做好施工测量工作,是保证施工质量达到规范要求的重要内容。     

从旅游业的发展探讨高校旅游英语专业课程体系的设置

课程设置是一个专业建设的基石,课程设置是否科学、合理直接关系到该专业培养出来的学生能否很好地满足社会和企业的需求。随着我国旅游业的迅猛发展,尤其是欧美市场的开放,我国出入境旅游业务的大幅增加,对旅游英语专业的人才需求不断扩大。如何设置课程、培养优秀的旅游涉外人才,这是旅游英语专业建设中尤为重要的一个问题。     

浅谈全站仪在高层建筑测量中的应用

全站仪是集电子经纬仪、光电测距仪和数据记录于一体,与经纬仪坐标法相比,其测距和测角精度大大提高,用它进行施工放样,速度快、效益高,在高层建筑中得到了广泛应用。本文通过分析全站仪的基本原理,以RTS600全站仪为例,对其在高层建筑施工放样应用中的相关技术进行详细阐述,以期通过本文加强全站仪在高层建筑测量中的推广应用。