审计判断的成因及其在审计过程中的应用

审计专业判断是审计人员职业道德、胜任能力和专业经验的有机统一和外在表现,当审计人员面对复杂审计事项和不确定审计环境时,正确的审计判断是审计人员能否作出合理认识、评价、预测和决策的必要条件,也是审计能否成功的关键因素。本文从审计判断的特征、成因入手,探讨了在现代审计模式下审计判断在审计过程中的应用问题。     

FASB公允价值计量准则的制定及其框架

金融工具和衍生金融工具的产生和发展,使公允价值日益受到会计学术界和实务界的广泛关注。公允价值的实施必须解决其计量问题,FASB在2004年推出的公允价值计量准则征求意见稿引起了美国社会各界的强烈反响。经过反复讨论,FASB在2005年发布了准则草案,并计划在2006年正式发布公允价值计量准则。本文主要介绍FASB公允价值计量准则草案的基本框架。     

Making green discourses matter in policy-making: Learning from discursive power struggles within the policy area of car taxation

This paper is about stability and change in the policy-making discourse of a traditional neoclassical policy area, the area of car taxation. Stability is here related to the unquestioned continuation of a traditional neoclassical economics perspective in policy-making, whereas change is related to the introduction and impact of environmental concerns. The aim of the paper is to investigate, what makes green discourses matter in traditional policy-making. It is based on an in-depth study of policy-making processes related to car taxation in two environmental front-runner countries, Sweden and Denmark.Making green discourses matter in policy-making is an important contemporary environmental challenge. Therefore, as Tian Shi argues, we need more research into the institutional setting of the policy-making process. Ecological economics as a policy science has to have a broad understanding of the political economic nature of the policy process. Taking this standpoint as the point of departure, the paper seeks to uncover questions such as, what is the policy-making reality in which Swedish and Danish green discourses have to make a difference? How do existing neoclassical regimes react, when green actors attempt to influence policy-making from an environmental point of view? And to what extent can green discourses actually have an impact on the policy world within the area of car taxation?The paper concludes that the traditional neoclassical economic discourse is particularly robust and resistant against alternative green discourses. Stability rather than change is the dominating picture. This does not imply that environmental concerns will not be taken into account in the future. Rather it implies that only the changes, which keep up the existing order, or enhance the narrow power-related interests of the dominating actors, will materialise more or less easily. The rest is a power struggle in which timing, coalition-building, persistence and thorough knowledge about the field in question is of importance. In this struggle change agents will also benefit from the ability to rethink dominating ways of thinking and doing in an environmentally benign way. A rethinking that is based on environmental values while at the same time holding positive visions that are ‘compatible’ with the existing dominating discourse.     

迁移理论的基础:“理解人口学”的分析框架

根据学者布如金所提出的人口理论研究新范式,在对其进行概括和拓展的基础上,提出了“理解人口学”的分析框架。同时综合部分迁移研究的成果,融合不同研究方法,从四个层次:迁移行为的概念假设、迁移行为的发端、迁移行为的外部环境和迁移行为的时间纬度,为人口迁移行为分析提供了-个跨学科的研究视野。     

中国经济体制改革时期制度变迁的特征分析

从实质上说，中国经济体制改革的过程就是一个制度的重建过程，即以适应市场经济的制度安排取代适应计划经济的制度安排取代适应计划经济的制度安排的过程。在这一制度重建的进程中，市场取向的制度变迁表现出八个方面的典型特征：一是制度变迁需求的内性性；二是制度变迁供给的滞后性；三是制度变迁目标的动态性；四是制度变迁过程的渐进性；五是制度变迁轨迹的路径依赖性；六是从单项制度变迁向制度结构变迁演进；七是强制性制度变迁与诱致性制度变迁相结合；八是宏观经济制度变迁与微观经济制度变迁同步进行。     

解决"三农"问题的新思路

过去我们解决"三农"问题,更多地注重于从农村内部去考虑。党的十六大报告提出"统筹城乡经济社会发展"的大原则,为我们解决"三农"问题提供新的思路。概括起来三句话:全面繁荣农村经济,推进农村工业化,加快城镇化进程。当前我国"三农"所面临的问题,如果局限在农村内部做文章,是根本不可能解决的。必须把"三农"问题与农村工业化和城镇化结合起来,用城乡统筹的眼光去解决。     

选课制下排课模式的研究

选课制的实施有利于增强学生学习过程的自主性。而与选课制相适应的排课模式有其自身的特点 ,需要在实践过程中不断地探索、研究与创新     

管理时尚研究

管理时尚具有操作性强、以偏概全等特点,对它们的需求与供给形成了管理时尚市场.其生命周期曲线呈钟形且是一条长波伴随着一系列短波.若将其国内外传播进行综合考虑,则将呈现出一种雁形模式.由于传统文化的含蓄性与抽象性,中国基本没有管理时尚.目前我国企业面临着大量管理时尚的冲击而不知所措,因此有必要对管理时尚进行比较系统的研究.     

Intraday Empirical Analysis and Modeling of Diversified World Stock Indices

This paper proposes an approach to the intraday analysis of diversified world stock accumulation indices. The growth optimal portfolio (GOP) is used as reference unit or benchmark in a continuous financial market model. Diversified portfolios, covering the world stock market, are constructed and shown to approximate the GOP, providing the basis for a range of financial applications. The normalized GOP is modeled as a time transformed square root process of dimension four. Its dynamics are empirically verified for several world stock indices. Furthermore, the evolution of the transformed time is modeled as the integral over a rapidly evolving mean-reverting market activity process with deterministic volatility. The empirical findings suggest a rather simple and robust model for a world stock index that reflects the historical evolution, by using only a few readily observable parameters. Mathematics Subject Classification: (1991) primary 90A12, secondary 60G30,62P20 JEL Classification: G10, G13     

The Lévy LIBOR model

Models driven by Lévy processes are attractive because of their greater flexibility compared to classical diffusion models. First we derive the dynamics of the LIBOR rate process in a semimartingale as well as a Lévy Heath-Jarrow-Morton setting. Then we introduce a Lévy LIBOR market model. In order to guarantee positive rates, the LIBOR rate process is constructed as an ordinary exponential. Via backward induction we get that the rates are martingales under the corresponding forward measures. An explicit formula to price caps and floors which uses bilateral Laplace transforms is derived.