长江沿线都市旅游的互动发展与创新对策研究

长江沿线各省市经济基础雄厚,旅游资源丰富,地理区位优势突出,具有都市旅游发展的良好条件。文章在分析长江沿线都市旅游的现状特征基础之上,对互动发展模式进行了探讨,进而提出了长江沿线都市旅游互动发展的创新对策。     

风险投资、中小企业板与中小企业成长的良性互动

我国中小企业板的设立不仅为中小企业提供了直接融资的渠道，而且为风险投资提供了退出的最佳路径。风险投资、中小企业板和中小企业成长的良性互动促进了市场经济的微观主体与证券市场协调发展。采用三者之间的良性循环来阐述三者之间的互动关系，并且重点介绍了风险投资促进中小企业成长的微观作用机制。     

基于网络经济的技术创新与市场结构关系分析

传统产业组织理论认为,一个相对合理的市场结构能够促进企业的技术创新。今天,网络经济正在取代工业经济而日益成为主导经济形态,知识、网络成为关键性生产要素,学习效应、网络效应对企业行为的影响日益凸显,传统产业组织理论及其市场结构理论面临挑战,亟待创新和发展。为此,本文首先分析网络经济下市场结构和技术创新的新特点,继而分析技术创新与市场结构之间的关系;在此基础上,探析技术创新与市场结构之间联合内生的双向互动机制,为寻求具有现实解释力的新产业组织理论做出努力。     

中国企业员工边缘化的结构维度与人群特征

近年来,员工边缘化问题得到了学界和实务界的共同关注,但大都停留在理论探索阶段,尚缺乏一个成熟的员工边缘化测量量表。研究表明,中国企业员工边缘化的内容结构包括工作意义边缘化、企业文化边缘化、人际关系边缘化、利益互动边缘化、团队角色边缘化5个维度;员工边缘化水平能够预测离职意向水平。当员工主动或被动边缘化后,很可能产生较强离职意向;员工边缘化在性别、年龄、工作年限、企业性质上没有显著差异,但在学历、婚姻状况、岗位层级上存在显著差异,学历低的、未婚的、岗位层级较低的员工往往容易被边缘化。     

转型期中国政府过程中制度与角色非良性互动的表现、成因及对策

在当代中国政府过程的政治输入过程、政治转换过程、政治输出过程和政治反馈过程中,制度与角色的非良性互动是客观存在的,其成因包括社会公共需求快速扩张,中国社会需求结构根本性变革;社会转型期政府越位、缺位并存;制度供求关系失衡,制度供大于求与供小于求并存。克服制度与角色的非良性互动的对策包括构建"社会基础秩序",制度优先与增强制度约束的刚性;增加政治机会,增强政治系统的开放性与透明度;培育公民社会,推动政治国家与公民社会的良性互动。     

MONETARY AND FISCAL POLICIES INTERACTION IN MONETARY UNIONS

In this paper, the literature on the interaction between monetary and fiscal policies in a monetary union is surveyed. By adopting the concept of symbiosis as a starting point, the paper highlights the importance of uncertainty, policy makers' preferences and targets. Then, the role of commitment to policy rules and coordination is addressed. The analysis also focuses on the importance of the data considered for the generation of the policy mix. As a final step, the paper discusses the main results in the literature on public debt management in a monetary union. All the reported theoretical results are then adopted to retrieve policy and institutional implications for the European Monetary Union.     

Using verbal attention to enhance restaurant customer satisfaction and behavior

Managing and developing positive customer relationships is a critical factor in the success of a restaurant. In this study, waitresses either asked customers about their satisfaction with the food or service before proposing tea or coffee, or they directly proposed coffee or tea without asking about satisfaction. It was found that the number of customers who ordered coffee/tea was significantly higher when the waitress asked the customers about their satisfaction. The theoretical and practical interest of studying the effect of verbal communication toward customers is discussed.     

旅游在保护区CHANS中的交互作用——以九寨沟国家级自然保护区为例

通过历史访谈、田野调查,结合遥感影像、环境监测和相关统计数据,从交互过程和交互效应两个维度,以定性和定量的方式探讨了旅游在保护区CHANS系统中的交互作用。结果表明:(1)根据管理者、居民、游客的态度和行为,近30年来,九寨沟旅游的交互过程可分为起步、发展、提速、提升4个阶段,各阶段旅游交互作用的内容、程度有所差异;(2)旅游显著提高了当地的环保意识和保护成效,植被覆盖度持续提高并趋于稳定;(3)旅游给九寨沟带来约10dB环境噪声,但旅游人数与湖泊面积和环境噪声的变化无显著的相关关系;(4)旅游显著提高了保护区居民的经济收入,但其文化、生活方式已有较大改变;(5)旅游管理的方法和手段能有效调控交互过程和交互效应。     

Proximity and animal welfare in the context of tourist interactions with habituated dolphins

The long-term sustainability of wildlife tourism depends on integrating visitor demands with resource management, requiring an understanding of tourist motivation. Managing the conflict between access to the animals and welfare, however, may diminish the experience for tourists. This paper identifies trade-offs tourists are willing to make between access and animal welfare, associated with feeding habituated bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops sp.) in Monkey Mia, Western Australia. Using a choice modelling technique, we were able to determine monetary values of visitor experiences. Compared to the current guaranteed interaction with dolphins (and a daily resort entrance fee), respondents were willing to pay significantly higher hypothetical entrance fees to avoid a decrease in proximity to, or probability of, the dolphin interaction. However, negative impacts on dolphin welfare had a negative impact on visitor utility. Over 80% of visitors (n = 244) accepted management regulations resulting in decreased time with and proximity to dolphins, if those addressed welfare concerns and were communicated clearly. Thus, while visitors placed the greatest value on the proximity and predictability, they were willing to trade off these aspects if they improved dolphin welfare. We provide management suggestions based on these results.     

互动导向对企业产品创新绩效的影响研究——基于知识协同的中介作用

本文选取245个有效样本,采用结构方程模型分析和回归分析等方法来探索互动导向对企业产品创新绩效的影响,并探讨知识协同的中介作用。研究结果表明：互动导向的3个维度（互动承诺、互动能力和互动关系）均对产品创新绩效具有显著的正向影响,且知识协同在互动承诺、互动能力和互动关系与产品创新绩效的关系中起中介作用。