Government spending, capital accumulation and the optimal policy rule: The role of public service capital

In this paper, we modify the Djajić [Djajić, S., 1987. “Government Spending and the Optimal Rates of Consumption and Capital Accumulation,” Canadian Journal of Economics 20, 544–554.] model in such a way that government consumption expenditure provides utility to households via the total stock of government services rather than the government consumption flow alone. By using such a framework, we show that the optimality condition for the public service capital stock is the marginal rate of substitution between public service capital and consumption that equals the intertemporal marginal rate of transformation between the two goods. In addition, we show that the relationship between private consumption and public service capital in a household's utility plays an important role in determining the transitional behavior of relevant variables. We also examine the second-best government consumption expenditure policy. By contrast, in the standard flow specification, e.g., Turnovsky and Brock [Turnovsky, S.J. and Brock, W.A., 1980. “Time Consistency and Optimal Government Policies in Perfect Foresight Equilibrium,” Journal of Public Economics 13, 183–212.], Ihori [Ihori, T., 1990. “Government Spending and Private Consumption,” Canadian Journal of Economics 23, 60–69.], and Turnovsky and Fisher [Turnovsky, S.J. and Fisher, W.H., 1995. “The Composition of Government Expenditure and its Consequences for Macroeconomic Performance,” Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control 19, 747–786.], the second-best government consumption expenditure is decided on the basis that the marginal utility of consumption is equal to the discounted sum of the marginal utility of the government's flow spending.     

异体内部混合经济论

量子力学的鼻祖薛定谔关于生命的三大猜想启示我们:混合是文明演化的真正奥秘,通过融入体制外资本异体内部混合对国有资本进行人格化改造,是国有企业实现创新力与控制力统一、国资保值增值的现实选择。     

教育投资及其市场化初探

由于教育投资的对象是人 ,而人是有思想的 ,因此 ,对教育的投资比对物质资本的投资要复杂。其中一个关键问题是 ,当教育投资主体与教育投资对象不同时 ,可能会引起教育投资的套牢 ;而当二者合一时 ,又会 (因为人力资本的外部性和个体的财富约束 )引起教育投资的不足。由于教育所形成的人力资本具有外部性 ,教育投资主体与教育投资对象适当的分离是必要的 ,而解决由于这种分离可能引起的投资主体的套牢在于使教育投资实现市场化。     

地勘单位向企业过渡必须解决的主要问题分析

地勘单位向企业过渡是地质工作体制改革和深化地勘单位改革的根本方向 ,必须坚定不移地加以推进。文章分析了地勘单位向企业过渡必须解决的三个主要问题 ,即资本金、职工的养老、失业及医疗保险、产业及主业 ,以及解决这三大问题的途径。     

Factors affecting the price of Swedish forest land, 1965–1987

A model for the determination of the price of forest land is estimated for Sweden from 1965–1987, when (except for a few years) private non-industrial forest owners could finance their holdings at a negative real after-tax borrowing rate. It is assumed that credit has been limited by the value of mortgage security, assessed independently of the price settlement. The estimated coefficients of the regression equation are used for a calculation of the average real rate of discount of forest owners and the average value of amenities. The model also evaluates the effect of the temporary land price regulation from 1979–1987.     

知识经济时代财务管理的创新

当前，世界经济形态正在快速从工业经济向知识经济转变，产生和发展于工业经济时代的现行财务管理必须进行改革和创新。本简要地叙述了知识经济的概念，并从财务管理的目标、财务管理的内容、财务的运作方式、财务管理的手段等四个方面阐明了知识经济时代财务管理的创新。     

Design and Implementation of Return on Capital Employed Performance Indicators Within a Trading Regime: The Case of Executive Agencies

The financial regime under which trading executive agencies operate implies that return on capital employed (ROCE) is used to indicate that revenues meet but do not exceed costs, including the cost of capital; that is, that there is neither cross-subsidisation nor hidden taxation. This paper develops a model for measuring ROCE derived from this objective. It argues that users of ROCE indicators are likely to lack financial sophistication and to want to compare performance between entities, so that indicators should be clear, readily understandable and comparable. The range of measurement and presentation methods used in practice undermines clarity and comparability and some methods are inconsistent with the model. Performance is sometimes characterised as meeting the target when this is problematic. The paper also examines outturn performance and finds some very substantial excess returns, implying hidden taxation.     

基于新农村建设的社会治安防控模式探讨——以恩施州“治安中心户”为个案

在当前全面建设社会主义新农村中，如何充实新的治安防控体系成为了一个全新的课题。本文运用人力资本理论、人力资源管理、组织行为学等相关理论对湖北省恩施州“治安中心户”这一防控机制做了深入的调查并在此基础上提出了如何完善这一治安防控模式的理论建议。     

铁路建设基金的政策取向及替代方案分析

根据财政部有关文件,从2006年开始,铁路建设基金将被停止征收。由于铁路建设基金是铁路建设主要的资金来源,如果在停止征收铁路建设基金后没有可靠稳定的资金来源来取代,将对铁路发展造成严重不利影响。为此,在分析铁路建设基金的地位与作用,以及铁路建设基金的政策取向的基础上,提出铁路建设基金的替代方案。     

我国多层次资本市场建设的现状及发展研究

多层次资本市场的建设近年来一直是我国专家学者们探讨的话题，特别是不久前在深交所开设的中小企业板，是多年来对资本市场的一次制度创新本文比较了国内外多层次资本市场的现状，分析我国建设该市场的意义，并对其发展与存在的问题提出些许思考。