TRIPS协定下中国知识产权保护的核心难题及基准

文章研究了TRIPS协定下中国知识产权保护遭遇的核心难题:制度环境问题、执行问题和标准问题.研究发现:(1)中国知识产权保护与国际法律制度环境是相容的和一致的.但是,在国际执法层面上面临着严峻的压力.(2)中国参与知识产权保护国际公约的宽度和广度较高,中国知识产权保护亟待解决的难题是执行问题.(3)在行政与司法保护上,主张协调和强化中国知识产权保护的行政与司法执法机制相平衡模式.(4)TRIPS协定下强化中国知识产权保护是个难题,中国需要游走在TRIPS协定外生给定的发展路径的边缘,尽力选择与其自身内生化的发展路径相切的交汇点.这一点就是中国实施知识产权保护设定的基准.     

从帕累托标准看我国土地制度改革方式取向

土地制度改革是改革土地现有的权利义务关系，通过土地权利的让渡实现资源配置，促进农村生产力的发展。所以，应在土地所有制上再造集体所有制并在此基础上实现土地使用权的自然流转，实现资源的优化配置。     

经济学对市场机制的证伪

20世纪波普尔提出了他对科学的分界标准:"衡量一种理论的科学地位的是它的可证伪性或可反驳性或可检验性."从亚当.斯密提出"看不见的手"的假说之后,市场机制经历了经济学从理论上、社会发展从实践上进行的种种证伪.始于20世纪20年代的关于计划经济是否可行的大论战、随后发生的世界经济大萧条及凯恩斯革命、市场失灵的有关理论,都是对市场机制作用的证伪.事实上,对市场机制的证伪是不成功的,这表明尽管市场机制有缺陷,但它仍然是现有的配置资源的最好方式.     

经济思想史学科界定及研究方法的技术性要求

本文从科学方法论视角讨论了经济思想史学科及理论经济学的学科界定和研究方法的技术性要求。经济思想史、经济学说史作为理论经济学分支学科，其研究对象、研究内容及学科界定应有范式框架的识别和限制，以实现分析技术的积累和理论的发展。在研究方法上应遵循科学的认识论和方法论，使经济学理论研究符合公理化、体系化、逻辑化要求。     

会计准则动因理论探析

会计准则动因理论是一个重要的会计准则理论课题.会计准则产生和发展的根本动因是降低交易费用;直接动因分为内因和外因,外在动因是两权分离导致两户分离,内在动因是规范会计核算.     

The circulation physiology of agroecosystems

This paper represents an effort to enlarge the understanding of the biophysical foundation of agroecosystemsby using an analogy with the circulation of the blood in the human body. The circulation function in the human body canbe represented as arterial pressure. The factors affecting arterial pressure in the human body have direct counterpartsin the cultivation-husbandry system. The relationship between circulation pressure and the factors affecting that pressurein the cultivation-husbandry system are similar to the relationship between the arterial pressure and factors affectingarterial pressure in the human body. Furthermore, circulation resistance in the cultivation-husbandry system can beshown to be analogous to the calculation of peripheral resistance in the human body by Poiseuille’s formula.     

新审计报告准则的不同与对策

财政部颁布的《中国注册会计师审计准则第1501号——审计报告》对原有的标准审计报告进行了全方位的修订,这对于规范注册会计师形成审计意见和出具审计报告起到促进作用,但未能与审计目标的发展要求保持一致应加以修正。     

Bounded interpersonal inferences and decision making

Summary. Individual decision making is based on predictions about other players' choices as well as on valuations of reactions to predictions. In this sense, a player has a prediction-decision criterion for decision making. We develop a theory of prediction-decision criteria, which enables us to capture new phenomena on individual decision making in games. The decision making situation is described in the epistemic logic GL of shallow depths. There, each player considers his and other players' decision making down to some shallow depths. It is a point of our theory to investigate inferential complexities of interpersonal introspections. In particular, we can discuss a minimal epistemic inferential structure for prediction-decision making. We will find parallel structures in decision making and prediction making, which is called an inner parallelism. The climax of the paper is the consideration of inner parallelisms of prediction-decision making. Received: August 31, 2000; revised version: April 9, 2001     

Self-Selection Consistent Functions

This paper studies collective choice rules whose outcomes consist of a collection of simultaneous decisions, each one of which is the only concern of some group of individuals in society. The need for such rules arises in different contexts, including the establishment of jurisdictions, the location of multiple public facilities, or the election of representative committees. We define a notion of allocation consistency requiring that each partial aspect of the global decision taken by society as a whole should be ratified by the group of agents who are directly concerned with this particular aspect. We investigate the possibility of designing efficient allocation consistent rules. We also explore whether such rules may in addition respect the Condorcet criterion. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: D7, D71.     

高校财务服务规范浅谈

服务规范是人们在职业活动中应遵守的行为准则.提高高校财务部门服务水平有利于加快高校财会事业的发展.可以通过建立健全高校财务服务规范制度合理化、公开化、服务渠道多样化,设立财务人员规范化服务理念培训课程、编写培训教材以及严格的培训考核机制,注重部门文化创新、财务管理创新、个人创新,来不断提高财务部门的服务水平和服务质量.