国际贸易中信用证欺诈例外及相关法律问题

迄今为止,我国有关信用证欺诈例外的成文法制建设尚处于空白状态,为了更好地借鉴国外的经验完善国内体制,本文拟对信用证欺诈例外的产生、发展、特征及具体司法操作中何谓欺诈、欺诈例外的排除适用问题等作一系统研究,并就我国在司法实践中存在的问题进行探析,提出自己的一些看法。     

论我国现行商业银行风险管理法律制度的不足及完善

由于全球经济一体化与金融一体化的发展以及现代金融理论、信息技术和金融创新等因素，金融市场出现前所未有的波动性，商业银行等金融机构的经营管理面临日趋严重的金融风险，加强商业银行风险管理法律制度的建设已成为一国金融风险管理的中心工作。本文在分析了我国现行商业银行风险管理法律制度不足的基础上，就如何完善提出了自己的一点看法和建议。     

农户的金融需求及其解决途径——焦作市农户金融需求调查

通过对焦作市农户金融需求状况调查发现,农户对正规金融的融资意愿和承受能力偏低,满足其金融需求的方式主要是非正规金融。因此,地方政府和金融监管部门对非正规金融应积极引导,加强监管。而作为担当“支农主力军”角色的农村信用社应充分利用天时、地利、人和的优势,不断增加新的金融产品和金融服务,加强客户细分和市场营销工作,以满足农民多样化的金融需求。     

运用商业汇票降低企业财务成本方法分析

本文从开具银行承兑汇票还贷款、卖方担保买方信贷项下开立银行承兑汇票、背对背开票和贴现等四个方面具体分析运用商业汇票来降低财务成本的方法,旨在加强对商业汇票的进一步认识,从而有效运用商业汇票来提高企业的经济效益。     

Ethical Issues in Credit Card Solicitation of College Students – The Responsibilities of Credit Card Issuers,Higher Education,and Students

Credit card companies aggressively solicit college students, without regardfor the consequences of high credit car debt for these customers. Theethical conflict of the sale of easy credit to college students too oftenresults in hazardous outcomes akin to the solicitation of youth by cigarettecompanies. This paper will investigate the dangers that credit card use presents to theyoung customer, the unethical manner in which the companies that issue these cards promote their products to this audience, and the role of institutions of higher education. A majority of students are not only using credit unwisely (average balances of over $1000 regardless of who reports the data) but are payingexorbitant interest (18%–22%). The credit card companies call this``responsible' use. They are collecting enough interest and fees to morethan cover losses resulting from bankruptcy. They use a variety ofmarketing techniques to lure college students – glitzy `MTV' type shows,free prizes and gifts, special interest rate offers, and now they can pretendthrough `educational services' to explain to college students why credit cards are important.This paper investigates the ethical considerations of credit card solicitationof college students as a result of research into factors that influence thenumber of credit cards held by these students. Current solicitation policiesof colleges and universities are also presented.     

Measuring the Cost‐Effectiveness of an R&D Tax Credit for the UK

This paper investigates the economic impact of the government's proposed new UK R&D tax credit. We measure the benefit of the credit by the effect on value added in the short and long runs. This is simulated from existing econometric estimates of the tax‐price elasticity of research and development (R&D) and the effect of R&D on productivity. For the latter, we allow R&D to have an effect on technology transfer (catching up with the technological frontier) as well as innovation (pushing the frontier forward). We then compare the increase in value added to the likely exchequer costs of the programme under a number of scenarios. In the long run, the increase in GDP far outweighs the costs of the tax credit. The short‐run effect is far smaller, with value added only exceeding cost if R&D grows at or below the rate of inflation.     

The Subprime Panic*

Understanding the ongoing credit crisis or panic requires understanding the designs of a number of interlinked securities, special purpose vehicles, and derivatives, all related to subprime mortgages. I describe the relevant securities, derivatives, and vehicles to show: (1) how the chain of interlinked securities was sensitive to house prices; (2) how asymmetric information was created via complexity; (3) how the risk was spread in an opaque way; and (4) how trade in the ABX indices (linked to subprime bonds) allowed information to be aggregated and revealed. These details are at the heart of the origin of the Panic of 2007. The events of the panic are described.     

商业银行中间业务发展的比较研究

在过去的20年间,欧美发达国家银行的盈利模式和收入结构经历了一场重大变革,其非利息收入占比逐年攀升,并在总收入中占有日趋重要的地位.随着我国经济金融市场的发展,资本市场的日益成熟,国内银行业中间业务市场将进一步快速增长.为解决当前制约中间业务发展的突出问题,国内银行应找准市场定位,科学布局;进一步加大中间业务产品开发、创新与拓展力度;逐步加强和完善中间业务产品组织建设;加强联动营销、交叉营销和综合营销,打造中间业务的经营合力;进一步完善中间业务考核与激励机制等.     

基于中间业务的中国商业银行生产率变化

本文运用非参数Malmqusit方法实证考察了1999～2005年在银行产出定义中考虑中间业务时对中国商业银行生产率变化的影响,并把生产率分解为效率变化和技术进步.结果表明,当在银行产出中不考虑中间业务时,商业银行全要素生产率每年平均增长率为6.6%,技术进步指数年均增长率为7.1%,而考虑中间业务时生产率年增长率为8.8%,技术进步指数年均增长率为8.5%.不考虑中间业务,则会低估银行生产率水平,而考虑中间业务活动往往会导致估计的银行生产率水平的增加.考虑中间业务对银行技术进步影响比较大,而对效率似乎不显著.最后作者提出了几点政策建议.     

Financial Stability in European Banking: The Role of Common Factors

In this paper, I investigate the development and determinants of CDS spreads for 18 major European banks between December 2001 and January 2004 applying factor analysis to daily data. Two clear-cut conclusions can be drawn. First, the dominating first common factor that explains 88 percent of all variation in the system, impacts on all banks in a similar direction. This suggests a strong market integration. However the size of the response of each bank’s CDS spread to the first common factor differs substantially, probably reflecting differences in individual bank’s exposure and riskiness. Second, the first common factor appears significantly related to the European P/E ratio and the European-wide 2-year nominal interest rate. This finding suggests that the common factor may be interpreted as a general indicator of market conditions. JEL Classification Numbers: G12, G15, G21, C30