Keeping Up With the Joneses: Analyzing the Effect of Income Inequality on Consumer Borrowing

Household debt relative to disposable income increased from 60% in 1980 to 104% at the end of 2003. ‘Buying on credit’ has become so popular that an increasing number of firms generate more profit from financing than from selling their products. In this paper, we show that rising income inequality has substantially contributed to increased consumer borrowing. Income inequality affects all components of total household debt, but the impact is strongest on non-revolving debt (installment loans), which is used to finance the purchase of consumer durables. We argue and provide evidence that the income inequality effect on consumer borrowing is a result of conspicuous consumption. Rising income inequality has forced households with smaller income gains to use debt to keep up their consumption level relative to households with larger income gains.JEL Classification: D12, G29, J31, M30     

基于权益久期的商业银行利率风险度量技术研究

在我国的利率市场化进程中,商业银行将面临巨大的利率风险,商业银行的利率风险管理势在必行。文章全面分析了利率风险的形成和对商业银行的影响,指出久期是利率风险度量方法的必然趋势,在此基础上,引入权益久期的概念,全面衡量商业银行面临的利率风险,并对权益久期的应用环境     

Legal Restrictions in Personal Loan Markets

This study examines the pricing of personal loans in the form of second mortgages to determine whether state-specific default laws have an effect on the availability and cost of that debt. We examine the pricing of loans to higher risk borrowers and whether borrowers in states that limit lender ability to seek default remedies pay higher credit costs. Our results indicate that, for the most part, lenders rationally price loans to higher risk borrowers. However, when we focus on borrowers with low credit scores, the results indicate that mean actual loan rates are higher than those predicted by our model. The results also indicate that state-specific default laws have an effect on the price of credit. Finally, the results show that there is a greater degree of error in the pricing of second mortgage loans to borrowers with low credit scores than to borrowers with high credit scores.     

Methods for Environmental and Economic Accounting for the Exploitation of Wild Fish Stocks and their Applications to the Case of Icelandic Fisheries

The paper discusses methods for estimating the value of commercially exploited fish stocks and the cost of exploiting them. Methods which are recommended in the System of National Accounting (SNA) satellite system and the System for Integrated Environmental and Economic Accounting (SEEA) and relevant for this task are discussed. The paper questions the relevance of some of these methods. It argues for the integration of economic accounting for wild fish stocks with estimation of efficient management of them. Using biological and economic data makes it possible to produce consistent estimates of the value of fish stocks and the cost of exploiting them. These estimates are useful for national accounting and for guiding management of fisheries. This method allows estimation of the cost of inefficiency of fisheries management besides estimation of the cost of depletion. The different methods are illustrated using data on commercial fisheries in Iceland and the fish stocks that they exploit. It is shown that even if all methods are based on market valuation and use only objective data they lead to very different outcomes.     

人民币升值对我国银行业影响的实证分析

随着我国外汇业务的逐渐成熟,人民币升值的呼声愈来愈高,汇率的频繁波动已是无法避免。通过实证分析来具体量化汇率变动对商业银行所造成的正负面影响,进而分析人民币升值对我国银行业稳定性的影响程度。     

自组织协同:商业银行运营管理体系构建之改进

运营管理体系构建是当前国内银行业实施业务流程再造的重要内容,与国际先进银行相比尚存在"形似神离"问题,主要表现为技术发展与作业组织模式演进的不匹配发展。从系统论的自组织协同理论视角出发,运营管理体系可视为兼具自组织和他组织双重特征的复杂系统,按照自组织转化机理,寻找出对系统建设有重要影响的四个序参量,采取他组织措施,可以实现系统向自组织转化,从而推进运营管理体系建设向着持续改进的方向发展。     

债权抵押债券运作机理及其在我国的前景分析

自2008年美国次贷危机爆发以来,CDO成为人人谈之色变的毒物。本文在简单介绍CDO运作原理的基础上,着重分析其特性是否能够为我国金融市场的发展带来良好的变化与引导,同时通过分析我国市场现状,对开辟本土CDO市场提出了一些疑问与建议。     

商业银行信用卡业务个人信用评估模型研究

个人信用评估是商业银行信用卡业务一直存在的问题,本文通过信用卡客户信息数据进行实证研究,构建基于C4.5算法的个人信用评估模型,并对信用模型进行了预测和评估,模型有较好的预测效果,可以为信用卡业务的个人信用风险管理提供借鉴。     

中小商业银行个人网上银行差异化战略分析

信息技术和网络技术的蓬勃发展给金融业带来了巨大的变革,网上银行是金融信息化高级阶段的产物,它已经成为世界各国银行业发展的必然选择。文章立足中小商业银行的角度,探讨其发展个人网上银行业务的战略意义、实施差异化战略的必然选择及差异化战略的具体实施策略,以期为中小商业银行发展个人网上银行业务提供理论参考。     

欧元区主权债务危机对国际金融市场的影响及启示

欧元区主权债务危机爆发两年多来,全球股市纷纷下挫、走势低迷,外汇市场也随着债务危机的延伸而跌宕起伏。旷日持久的债务危机不仅对国际金融市场造成巨大冲击,加剧了国际资本流动的频繁无序,且已导致欧洲银行体系的信用风险加大和流动性紧张等问题。欧元区主权债务危机的爆发,提醒我们要全面审视中国的主权债务问题,尤其要加强对地方政府债务的监管,以防范债务危机的发生。