领先顾客的消费者创新性对新能源汽车采用意愿的影响

将领先顾客的消费者创新性分为3个维度——一般创新性、特定创新性和替代创新性。界定了3个维度的具体内涵,并将参照群体示范效应作为消费者创新性的3个维度与新能源汽车采用意愿之间的调节变量。结合技术接受模型,从内外部动机的视角研究消费者创新性对新能源汽车采用意愿的影响机制。在此基础上,构建新能源汽车采用意愿的结构方程模型,对研究假设进行验证。实证结果显示:消费者创新性的3个维度以及感知有用性、感知风险对新能源汽车采用意愿具有不同程度的显著影响;参照群体示范效应有显著的调节作用;感知易用性对新能源汽车采用意愿的影响不显著。     

Life Cycle Price Trends and Product Replacement: Implications for the Measurement of Inflation

The paper explores the extent to which products follow systematic pricing patterns over their life cycle and the impact this has on the measurement of inflation. Using a large U.S. scanner data set on supermarket products and applying flexible regression methods, we find that on average prices decline as items age. This life cycle price change is often attributed to quality difference in the construction of CPI as items are replaced due to disappearance or during sample rotations. This introduces a systematic bias in the measurement of inflation. For our data we find that the life cycle bias leads to the underestimation of inflation by around 0.30 percentage points each year for the products examined.     

Forecasting US consumer price index: does nonlinearity matter?

The objective of this article is to predict, both in sample and out of sample, the consumer price index (CPI) of the US economy based on monthly data covering the period of 1980:1–2013:12, using a variety of linear (random walk (RW), autoregressive (AR) and seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA)) and nonlinear (artificial neural network (ANN) and genetic programming (GP)) univariate models. Our results show that, while the SARIMA model is superior relative to other linear and nonlinear models, as it tends to produce smaller forecast errors; statistically, these forecasting gains are not significant relative to higher-order AR and nonlinear models, though simple benchmarks like the RW and AR(1) models are statistically outperformed. Overall, we show that in terms of forecasting the US CPI, accounting for nonlinearity does not necessarily provide us with any statistical gains.     

The role of price risk in China’s agricultural and fisheries exports to the US

This article explores the effect of price risk on the US importers’ optimal allocation of agriculture imports between the major supplier, China, and other competing countries. We first modify a demand system to account for the impacts of own-price risk and cross-price risk, and then apply the model to 16 agricultural and fisheries commodities exported to the US. The estimation results show that importers are sensitive to price risks of 14 Chinese commodities. Comparisons between price risk–trade relations of agricultural and fisheries products and between trade effects of cross-price risk on Chinese goods and substitutes provide strong evidence for explaining the observed trade patterns. Our study highlights the importance of price stability in promoting international trade, especially from developing countries to developed countries.     

The effect of copayments on primary care utilization: results from a quasi-experiment

This article analyses how health-care utilization is affected by copayments in a tax-financed health-care system. The article utilizes a natural experiment in which a health-care region in Sweden changed the price of healthcare in such a way that primary care general physician prices increased by 33%. We use daily visit data in the treatment region and a neighbouring control region where no price change took place and analyse the effect using differences-in-differences as well as differences-in-differences-in-differences models. The results from the preferred models indicate no effect on health-care utilization due to the price change, a result that also holds across different socio-economic subregions in the treatment region.     

社会资本对企业资本结构周期性变动幅度的影响——基于中国上市公司的实证检验

以2005—2014年中国沪深两市A股全行业上市公司为样本,实证检验了企业资本结构的周期性变动特征,以及社会资本对不同所有权性质企业的资本结构周期性变动幅度的影响。结果表明:企业的负债水平总体上呈顺周期变动特征,但国有所有权会减小企业资本结构的顺周期变动幅度;高水平社会资本降低了高负债水平民营企业资本结构的顺周期变动幅度,提高了低负债水平国有企业资本结构的顺周期变动幅度;民营企业资本结构的顺周期变动幅度过大且高于最优变动幅度;国有企业资本结构的顺周期变动幅度过小且低于最优变动幅度;社会资本起到降低民营企业资本结构顺周期变动幅度、提高国有企业资本结构顺周期变动幅度的作用,从而促使各类企业的资本结构向其最优水平回归,即高水平社会资本具有优化企业资本结构的作用。     

The demand for eurozone stocks and bonds in a time-varying asset allocation framework

This paper analyzes the short and long-run demand for traditional financial asset classes in eleven founding eurozone members. Our sample period starts from the introduction of euro till 2017. We calculate the welfare losses stemming from ignoring the demand for domestic and eurozone equities and bonds, for various levels of risk aversion. Our results show that the bonds of eurozone countries are, in general, desirable for short-run only. However, in Ireland, Portugal and Spain the bonds are desirable for both short-run and long-run investment horizons. Stocks exhibit both short-run and long-run desirability for all countries except Greece. The Greek stocks are desirable for short- run only.     

Price Rigidity in Turkey: Evidence from Micro Data

In this study we investigate the duration of consumer price spells and price change patterns for Turkey by employing a comprehensive micro price data covering around 6,000 items over four years. In detail, we analyze how long typical price spell lasts and we investigate the size, frequency, distribution and synchronization of price changes. Compared to advanced economies, a higher frequency of price changes is estimated. Findings suggest substantial heterogeneity among sub-groups in terms of frequency and synchronization indicators. The mixed evidence of both state and time-dependent pricing is also relevant for Turkey, an emerging market economy.     

Determinants of Mortgage Default and Consumer Credit Use: The Effects of Foreclosure Laws and Foreclosure Delays

The mortgage default decision is part of a complex household credit management problem. We examine how factors affecting mortgage default spill over to other credit markets. As home equity turns negative, homeowners default on mortgages and home equity lines of credit at higher rates, whereas they prioritize repaying credit cards and auto loans. Larger unused credit card limits intensify the preservation of credit cards over housing debt. Although mortgage nonrecourse statutes increase default on all types of housing debt, they reduce credit card defaults. Foreclosure delays increase default rates for housing and nonhousing debts. Our analysis highlights the interconnectedness of debt repayment decisions.     

心理契约违背、顾客满意与消费者非伦理行为——伦理意识的调节作用

消费市场竞争日益激烈,企业不能履行承诺的责任与义务时,则会形成心理契约违背,导致顾客产生不满意情绪,甚至出现非伦理行为。本文通过对328个样本数据的实证研究表明,交易型、关系型心理契约违背对消费者非伦理行为在部分维度上存在显著的正向影响;顾客满意在关系型心理契约违背与消费者非伦理行为之间的关系中起中介作用;相对主义伦理意识在关系型心理契约违背与无伤害行为之间具有显著的正向调节作用。为引导消费者进行伦理消费,企业应履行自身承诺维护顾客心理契约,提供个性化服务提升顾客满意度。