WHAT DO CITIZENS THINK ABOUT PUBLIC ENTERPRISES? SUBJECTIVE SURVEY DATA ON THE LEGITIMACY OF THE ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES OF THE GERMAN PUBLIC SECTOR

We analyse the legitimacy of public enterprises that perform economic activities by focusing on the citizens’ subjective preferences, i.e. determining their political legitimacy. Using data from a representative survey conducted among 318 citizens of the German state of Rhineland‐Palatine, we explore determinants for the support of either privatisation efforts or the instrumental thesis, a widespread principle in German‐speaking countries, which considers public enterprises solely as instruments to fulfil economic policy objectives. Our results indicate that the respondents’ perception of the efficiency of public enterprises as well as their personal economic situation are important factors for the support of privatisation. The influential factors for the use of public enterprises as policy instruments are political ideology, the perception of a higher security of supplying goods and services as well as opinions regarding corporate social responsibility. The subjective preferences of a (democratic) country's citizens are thus an important reason why the public sector should or should not play an active part in providing goods and services. This can play an important role when decision makers from the public sector are keen to take into account the citizens’ approval or disapproval of privatisation measures.     

府谷治污怪招的理论分析

地方保护主义严重存在于我国环境保护过程中，造成这一状况的原因主要是环境保护法律制度不健全、环境保护机构设置不科学和国民的环境保护意识不强。本文就此指出了改变现状的措施：强化国民环境意识、完善环境立法和改革环境保护体制。     

城市发展质量评价的公众参与研究

城市发展质量评价是现代城市治理的有效手段之一。公众参与城市发展质量评价不仅是民主政治的集中体现,也有助于提高评价的质量和信度。本文在分析城市发展质量与公众之间辩证关系的基础上,讨论了公众在城市发展质量评价中的主体作用,分析了评价过程各阶段的公众参与形式,并初步研究了公众参与的主要问题及对策。     

Which Firms are More Sensitive to Public Disclosure Schemes for Pollution Control? Evidence from Indonesia’s PROPER Program

This paper analyzes differences in firms’ responsiveness to PROPER, Indonesia’s public disclosure program for industrial pollution control. The overall effectiveness of this program at achieving emissions reductions and its low regulatory costs have earned it a good reputation around the world. PROPER had no deterrents or incentives other than those that arose indirectly from publicly disclosing information about the environmental performances of firms. We analyzed plant-level data to relate short- and longer-term environmental responses to facility characteristics. The results revealed that foreign-owned firms were consistently more likely to respond to the environmental rating scheme, compared to private domestic firms. This is a clear and important insight with consequences for a number of issues, such as understanding the pollution haven debate. Also, firms located in densely populated regions, particularly in Java, responded more positively to the public disclosure of PROPER ratings. The main observed effect was however given by the initial level of environmental performance of firms. Those firms that had bad environmental performance records felt pressure to improve, but if the initial abatement steps had already been taken, the incentives to improve further appeared to diminish.     

Government Expenditures and Revenues: Evidence of Fractional Cointegration in an Asymmetric Modeling

In this paper, we examine the relationship between the US government expenditures and revenues using a fractional cointegration framework. In doing so, we permit a much richer degree of flexibility in the dynamic adjustment process toward equilibrium than in the classical case of cointegration. Moreover, we relax the assumption of a symmetric adjustment process throughout the use of threshold autoregressive (TAR) and momentum threshold autoregressive (M-TAR) models in the error correction representation of the process. The results show that both individual series are non-stationary I(1) and we do not find evidence of cointegration of any degree. However, if we take into account a structural break at 1973(2), fractional cointegration is found if the underlying process is autocorrelated, especially in the asymmetric modeling.

赋予科研人员职务科技成果所有权的法律释义及实现路径

赋予科研人员职务科技成果所有权,是从权属规则设计上解决科技成果转化难的国家政策。但现行《合同法》、《科技进步法》、《科技成果转化法》等法律相关规定对政策试点形成制约,弱化了政策实施力度。从法律视角廓清科技成果定义及类型,界定科研人员性质及范围,探寻科技成果所有权改革的政策目的,并对政策执行面临的法律障碍进行分析,提出以意定优先为原则修订相关法律,以有利于科研人员的基准进行立法解释,并通过单位与科研人员事前协议、约定职务科技成果归属等路径,将职务科技成果所有权依法赋予科研人员,从而解决法律规定与政策执行冲突,确保政策实施的法律正当性。     

会计信息责任的再认识

会计信息能引导社会经济资源的优化配置,进而影响整个国民经济的发展。因此,对会计信息质量有一定的要求。但是目前会计信息的质量状况令人堪忧。因而,有必要对保证会计信息质量的责任体系进行分析,以期对会计信息责任体系有全面的认识。     

房地产税改革对公租房制度的政策支持分析

2007年以来,我国住房保障体系建设取得了突破性进展,公租房则是近期住房保障制度的重要创新。随着房地产税改革步伐的加快,新的房地产税制必将对公租房的建设和运营形成制度约束。本文在厘清公租房属性和制度要点的基础上,分析现行房地产税制对公租房建设和运营的制度约束,对最近上海和重庆的房产税试点改革进行评述,讨论房地产税改革取向并提出支持公租房制度的建议。     

模糊积分模型在公共组织绩效评价中的应用研究

加强对公共组织绩效评价方法的研究,可以有效反映公共组织管理的效率,为上层组织提供决策依据.本文首先指出了模糊积分模型能消除指标间相关影响的客观性的优点,阐明模型在解决公共组织绩效评价问题上的可行性和优势,随后构建了公共组织绩效综合评价的理论模型,创新地引入了对模糊数的调整来确定各指标的权重,提高了权重的准确性.最后通过实证研究,验证该方法的适用性和局限性,为公共组织绩效评估的实际操作提出了若干建议.     

《思想道德修养与法律基础》课教学中大学生法治认同观念培养路径探析

探讨法治认同内涵,分析当前大学生法治观念现状,认为《思想道德修养与法律基础课》法制部分教学中通过探寻法律最基本的价值可以培养大学生的平等精神和科学理性精神,通过宪法及行政法教学内容可以培养大学生的宪政意识、政治制度的认同意识,通过现代市场经济法律内容的讲解可以培养大学生的自主意识和权利义务意识,通过法律规则的训练可以培养大学生的规则意识。