共同富裕目标下互联网可及性对健康支出的影响研究

运用两部分模型、倾向得分匹配等方法,依据CFPS数据库中成人与家庭数据匹配及分类处理,考量共同富裕进程中互联网可及性对潜在因病返贫风险的阻断效应。结果显示,互联网可及性引致健康支出绝对量增加,但灾难性健康支出发生率显著降低,对潜在因病返贫风险具有一定的阻断效应。异质性分析显示,互联网使用对农村居民、低收入群体的健康支出影响较大。鉴于此,应加大互联网基础设施建设力度,引导农村居民、低收入群体更有效地利用医疗资源,阻断其潜在因病返贫风险。     

公共文化财政事权与支出责任划分的府际协调

政府间公共文化财政事权与支出责任划分是基本公共文化服务标准化、均等化的基础性、支柱性保障,当前其划分改革仍存在事权共担模糊性与粗略并存、支出分担概括性与下移并存、财力主导性与保障不足并存,以及省以下划分改革尚未完成等缺憾。划分改革追求“权责清晰、财力协调、区域均衡”的中央与地方财政关系调整目标,但中央与地方的财政分权不能替代省级政府对省以下财政体制改革“负总责”,以及各级地方政府的分级负责。府际协调应坚持中央的统一领导,在省域内落实省级统筹调控功能,并实施地方政府的分级负责,突出“两个积极性”的地方积极性;在体制协调上保持财政事权、支出责任与财力相适应;在机制协调上实施标准化与均等化的衔接配合;在策略协调上强调动态化与确定性的适度平衡。     

The impact of redistributive policies on inequality in OECD countries

Due to behavioural effects triggered by redistributional interventions, it is still an open question whether government policies are able to effectively reduce income inequality. We contribute to this research question by using different country-level data sources to study inequality trends in OECD countries since 1980. We first investigate the development of inequality over time before analysing the question of whether governments can effectively reduce inequality. Different identification strategies, using fixed effects and instrumental variables models, provide some evidence that governments are capable of reducing income inequality despite countervailing behavioural responses. The effect is stronger for social expenditure policies than for progressive taxation.     

区域金融发展、财政支出与经济福利——基于省级动态面板数据的实证检验

笔者运用动态面板数据模型,基于21个省市的面板数据进行广义矩分析,考察区域金融发展及地方政府的财政支出与经济福利的关系.得到的结果是:区域金融发展对经济福利的影响较为微弱,财政支出有效地促进了区域内经济福利的提高,但是当地政府同时面临着“福利磁铁”的矛盾.在分省区研究中发现:不同的区域金融发展、财政支出对当地经济福利水平的影响具有较大的差异.     

Multi-sectoral interdependencies of regional public infrastructure investments

Public investment decision-making processes involve multiple and interrelated sectoral and regional policy objectives and budget constraints. This paper presents a dynamic spatio-economic model that considers multi-sectoral investment interdependencies using data at the prefecture level in Greece. The expenditure allocation dynamics of most types of regional public investment are found to be competitive with each other. This outcome is attributed to the lack of policy coordination, technological and budget constraints, geographical factors, and equity and political considerations. The investment interrelationships may have a significant effect on future state funding needs and the strategic assessment of infrastructure development at the country level.     

我国国防供给可持续发展状况分析

建国以来,我国国防建设与经济建设是否相协调是一个很值得研究的问题。本文从作为国防供给的国防费角度出发,运用统计方法进行了定量分析,从而对1952—2005年间的国防供给可持续发展状况做出了基本判断。     

实现经济平衡增长的公共支出规模分析

随着政府对经济干预程度的加强,公共支出对经济增长的影响日益提高,成为继劳动、资本、技术之后影响经济增长的又一重要因素。在一定时期、一定条件下,为实现一国经济平衡增长,应合理确定公共支出规模,明确界定公共支出范围,大力压缩公共消费支出,进一步加大预算外资金的管理力度,逐步将预算外资金纳入预算内管理,实现预算的综合与完整。     

财政农业支出对二元经济结构转化效果研究

根据1978—2006年的数据对我国财政支农支出与二元经济结构转化之间关系进行实证分析,结果表明,二者之间缺乏明显的因果关系。原因在于:我国财政支农制度安排还停留在农业支持工业、农村支持城市的模式下,服务于统筹城乡发展的财政体制建设滞后,以及地方政府在不完善的政绩考核制度下的理性行为等。要强化财政支农对二元经济结构转化的作用,应该尽快实现工业反哺农业,城市带动农村的发展战略,改革财政体制,优化地方政府政绩考核制度。     

Does Medical Equipment Expansion Lead to More Diagnostic Services? Evidence from China’s Sichuan Province

A major goal of China’s healthcare reform is to control the increasing healthcare spending, much of which can be attributed to the overuse of diagnostic tests and has been relatively less studied in the literature. This article analyzes the correlation between medical equipment expansion and the increase in diagnostic test expenditure in China, using Sichuan Province as an example. County-level data aggregated from hospitals’ annual reports in Sichuan Province from 2008 to 2012 were used. The results show a positive correlation between the expansion of medical equipment and the increase in diagnostic test expenditure. Our study provides implications on reforming China’s healthcare delivery system and medical equipment regulation policies.     

Impact of remittances on household health care expenditure: Evidence from the Nepal Living Standards Survey

This paper examines the effect of remittance inflows on health care expenditure in Nepal using the Nepal Living Standards Survey 2010–2011. Using the recursive three‐stage least square regression method, the propensity score matching method, and the Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition method, we find a positive and significant effect of remittances on health care expenditure. In particular, our analysis shows a 0.099% increase in health care expenditure for every 1% increase in overall remittances. This effect increases to 0.189% for earned remittances (remittances received from a household member). We also find that remittance‐receiving households with at least one migrant family member have different health care spending behavior than those with no migrant members.