Performance-related pay and gender wage differences

We study the impact of performance-related pay (PRP) on gender wage differences using Finnish-linked employer–employee panel data. Controlling for unobserved person and firm effects, we find that bonuses increase women’s earnings slightly less than men’s, but the economic significance of the difference is negligible. Piece rates and reward rates, however, tend to increase gender wage differentials. Thus, the nature of a PRP plan is important for gauging the impact of PRP on gender wage differentials. A comparison with OLS results shows the importance of controlling for an unobserved person and firm effects.     

International flows of people and institutional change

International travel clearly increases human interaction over space and exposes societies to foreign influences, foreign ideas, and foreign institutions. Does international travel promote institutional change in a traveler's home country? This paper uses panel data from 149 countries to test the hypothesis of institutional change stemming from international travel. We generally find that foreign travel does not affect political institutions. In one sub-sample, we find limited evidence that international travel can be a determinant of institutional quality in the home country depending upon whether the home country is an autocracy or democracy.     

Prediction of the next hypercalcemia free period: application of random effect models with selection on first event

The length of repeated hypercalcemia free periods of patients with bone metastasis of breast cancer with at least one hypercalcemic event was modelled according to a generalized linear mixed model formulated in terms of transition probabilities and according to a latent variable model. In the former case the periods were assumed to be lognormally distributed with two variance components (patients and residue). In the latter case the conditional intensity given a patient was assumed to be the intensity of the Weibull distribution, while the random patient effect (frailty) was assumed to be drawn from a gamma distribution. In both cases the selection of only patients with at least one hypercalcemic event was taken into consideration. In both models the variance of the patient effect turned out to be negligible. For the second and later periods the Weibull appeared to fit better than the lognormal model. For the first period there was almost no information available.     

创业绩效结构的探索性研究及其理论挖掘

创业绩效结构的明确不仅有利于创业理论的发展,而且有利于指导创业实践.研究发现,创业绩效是一种建构的事物,其测量理论的发展趋向于组织与利益相关者并重,其测量指标有从单维到多维、财务与非财务、客观与主观、绝对与相对并用的发展趋势.案例分析揭示了创业绩效的RSG结构维度-声誉、生存、成长,是对"基于合约的创业绩效理论"的修正.     

数据挖掘应用性的研究

随着信息技术的高速发展,人们积累的数据量急剧增长,如何从海量的数据中提取有用的知识成为当务之急。数据挖掘就是为顺应这种需要应运而生发展起来的数据处理技术。数据挖掘(Data Mining)是从存放在数据库、数据仓库或其他信息库中的大量数据中挖掘有趣知识的过程。数据挖掘算法和可视化工具适用于挖掘数据中的重要模式,并且提供有价值的预测,它是当代人工智能、统计学等技术在数据库领域中的应用。     

收入、收入类别与环境库兹涅茨曲线

利用2000-2009年我国省际面板数据,对人均收入、收入类别与六种污染指标之间的关系进行了实证检验.结果表明:环境库兹涅茨倒U型关系取决于污染指标的选择,在样本期内,部分污染指标呈现出倒U型EKC关系;在倒U型曲线的转折点处,城镇人均可支配收入的临界水平高于农村人均纯收入的临界水平.     

Testable Implications of Pareto Efficiency and Individualrationality

This paper investigates the testable implications of Pareto efficiency and individual rationality on finite data sets in exchange economies with finitely many commodities and agents. Efficiency alone provides no restrictions other than a trivial “no waste”-condition. Efficiency together with individual rationality implies robust restrictionsI appreciate the comments of Don Brown, Truman Bewley and Charles Steinhorn. I also thank seminar participants at Yale, Zuerich and Mainz, as well as conference participants at the 12th European General Equilibrium Workshop in Bielefeld. The generous support of the Cowles Foundation is gratefully acknowledged. The paper also benefited greatly from the comments of an anonymous referee     

油气输送钢管制造企业质量成本管理理论与应用

目前,随着石油天然气需求量的增加,对油气输送铜管质量的要求也越来越高,为此,企业必须为社会提供与之相适应的质量高、价格廉、适销对路的产品和服务,以获得企业自身更多的赢利。因此,作为会计核算的重要组成部分,成本就成为企业关注的焦点,而质量成本作为企业成本的一部分,对现代企业的经营发展起着极其重要的作用,为此,研究与探讨油气输送钢管制造企业质量成本控制的措施和效果等就有非常重要的意义。     

Do German Welfare‐to‐Work Programmes Reduce Welfare Dependency and Increase Employment?

Abstract. During the last decade, many Western economies reformed their welfare systems with the aim of activating welfare recipients by increasing welfare‐to‐work programmes (WTWP) and job‐search enforcement. We evaluate the short‐term effects of three important German WTWP implemented after a major reform in January 2005 (‘Hartz IV’), namely short training, further training with a planned duration of up to three months and public workfare programmes (‘One‐Euro‐Jobs’). Our analysis is based on a combination of a large‐scale survey and administrative data that is rich with respect to individual, household, agency level and regional information. We use this richness of the data to base the econometric evaluation on a selection‐on‐observables approach. We find that short‐term training programmes, on average, increase their participants' employment perspectives. There is also considerable effect heterogeneity across different subgroups of participants that could be exploited to improve the allocation of welfare recipients to the specific programmes and thus increase overall programme effectiveness.