征地补偿标准存在的问题及相应对策

现代化进程使大量农民处于失地境地,确立对失地农民合理的补偿标准,成为凾待解决的问题。本文对现有土地征用补偿标准存在的问题进行分析;结合新近出台的《物权法》,提出以市场调整为基础,扩大征地补偿项目,明晰公共利益的内涵,综合考虑区位级差及地租土地补偿金和土地拆分价值;提出规定土地征用法律程序,制定土地征用相关司法解释,建立专门的争议解决机构。     

焦点和“没”字句的句法分析

焦点表示句子中强调的信息,它是语言学中引起广泛关注的课题之一,焦点结构和句法结构一样,是对句子结构的描写,表现了句子的信息分配形式。否定属于对焦点敏感的结构,是一个受焦点影响的现象。在汉语否定结构“没”字句中,“没”作为焦点敏感算子,其语义指向范围是全句。在句法层面,焦点短语作为整体移位,遵守孤岛限制。     

企业社会责任契约的层次、范围与边界研究——基于可持续发展背景

根据企业契约理论,企业社会责任是企业内生的契约责任。由企业契约属性而衍生的对要素投入主体承担社会责任内容、范围和具体义务界定的责任框架,称为企业社会责任契约。由于企业要素投入主体的资源禀赋及其在企业的契约权力存在差异,企业社会责任的履行存在合理的层次与范围,企业要素主体整体契约利益最大化的社会责任履行模式决定企业社会责任的效率边界。     

The composite cost function and efficiency in giant Japanese banks

This study provides further empirical investigation, in the context of giant Japanese banks, of the recent claim by Pulley and Braunstein (1992, A composite cost function for multiproduct firms with an application to economies of scope in banking, Review of Economics and Statistics 74, 221–230), that their new composite model for the multiproduct cost function has important advantages over the separable quadratic, generalized translog and standard translog models. In addition to assessing the composite model's relative ability in measuring global scope and scale economies, the study also extends the P-B analysis to assess measurement of product-specific scope and scale economies, pairwise cost complementarities between outputs, changes in the marginal costs of outputs and technological change. The results appear to confirm P-B's chain. The persistent finding of scale economies for large Japanese banks is also investigated and confirmed.     

When the target may know better: Effects of experience and information asymmetries on value from mergers and acquisitions

Research summary : Extending research on the effect of experience on acquisition outcomes, we examine how the differential in previous M&A experience between the target and the acquirer affects the value they, respectively, obtain when the acquirer takes over the target. Drawing on literature about organizational learning, negotiation, and information economics, we theorize that the party with greater experience will be able to obtain more value. Furthermore, we theorize that the effect of differential M&A experience on value obtained is contingent on the level of information asymmetry the acquirer faces with respect to the target, specifically as a function of the target's product‐market scope and whether the deal is friendly. We test and find support for these predictions in a sample of 1,241 M&As over a 30‐year period. Managerial summary : Corporate strategy is about a firm's scope and development decisions and outcomes, but corporate strategizing is incomplete unless managers anticipate the moves of other economic actors. We demonstrate the importance of these points when it comes to learning to make acquisitions. Using an innovative research design and theory that enables comparison between acquirer and target gains, we show that whatever their firm's acquisition history and capabilities, acquisitive managers should mind the negotiation and other pitfalls that arise when target firms possess ample acquisition experience of their own. We also demonstrate that the effect of experience advantage, whereby the more experienced party benefits, depends on the target firm's scope and whether the deal is friendly—two dimensions that acquirers can and should take into account. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Estimating Value Creation from Revealed Preferences: Application to Value‐based Strategies

Research summary : We develop and apply a new set of empirical tools consistent with the tenets of value‐based business strategies, leveraging the principle that “no good deal comes undone” and the methods of revealed preferences, to empirically estimate drivers of value creation. We demonstrate how to use these tools in an analysis of value creation in buyer–supplier relationships in the UK corporate legal market. We show that our approach can uncover evidence of subtle mechanisms that traditional methods cannot easily distinguish from each other. Furthermore, we show how the estimates can be used as parameters of biform games for out‐of‐sample analyses of strategic decisions. With readily available data on relationships between firms, this approach can be applied to many other contexts of interest to strategy researchers. Managerial summary : Managers need to understand the drivers of value creation for customers in order to make competitive positioning decisions and understand when they can capture value under competition. However, estimates of the relative importance of each driver are typically difficult to obtain. In this article, we help remedy this problem by demonstrating a novel method that obtains estimates of the contribution of various drivers of value creation from commonly available data of buyer–supplier relationships. These estimates can then be used to inform the strategy‐making process. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The Impact of Frictions in Routine Execution on Economies of Scope

Research summary: Based on a detailed database of a beverages producer‐distributor that expanded its product variety by leveraging its logistic network, we show that product diversification generates economies of scope and also higher operational costs. The result is an inverted‐U relationship between variety and productivity: When the firm offers few additional categories, productivity grows, but as the number of categories rises, the costs of executing the operational routines increase rapidly and productivity falls. The negative effect on productivity increases if the added product category is more dissimilar to previous ones, and decreases with learning from operational experience. Our results highlight how frictions at the operational level can limit the benefits of diversification, even in the absence of other sources of diseconomies, such as increased coordination needs. Managerial summary: One of the prevalent reasons for companies to expand to adjacent product lines is attaining economies of scope. However, such growth strategy also generates operational frictions, even if the day‐to‐day routines do not appear to change at all. Product diversity is disruptive for routine execution, as it requires coordination and exception handling, and may ultimately overcome any efficiency obtained from growth. We estimate the relevance of such operational friction using data from a beverages distribution network. When product variety is low, additional categories do generate efficiency, but after reaching a given threshold, friction prevails. We find that operational friction increases when products are more dissimilar, but is attenuated when workers learn from their own and other's experience. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

AIG在次贷危机中所扮演的角色及其启示

美国的次贷危机已经演变成波及全球的金融危机,在此次危机中有许多国际知名的金融企业陷入困境,其中就包括美国国际集团（AIG）。作为全球首屈一指的保险业巨头,AIG在次贷危机中由于流动性不足,从一家纯粹的私人企业变成了“半国有化”的企业,其根源在于制度层面的投资过度集中、风险管理缺失、创新工具滥用,和技术层面的数据充足性、假设准确性、模型有效性等问题。     

助学贷款违约的金融风险及治理

助学贷款制度是政府弥补资本市场失效、干预教育领域资源配置的重要形式。目前,其面临的关键问题是金融违约（贷款拖欠）,这一问题将直接影响到助学贷款金融制度的可持续发展。本文从借款者个人效用最大化角度出发,构建了助学贷款的金融违约模型,分析了影响金融违约的各个因素指标,在此基础上,提出了化解学生助学贷款违约金融风险的对策。     

信用违约风险传染模型的比较研究

本文试图对几种有代表性的模型进行比较,来分析由于建模方式的不同,而导致的对信用期权定价和对冲的结果的不同.如果将违约风险传染考虑进去,类似德隆帝国崩溃的事件,或许就能避免.