浅谈建设项目全过程造价控制的重要性

工程建设过程中造价控制是工程建设控制的目标之一,工程造价的高低直接反映了建设项目的管理水平、投资效益和工程质量。在建设工程中,工程造价是建设工程中系统管理工作的核心,降低工程造价提高经济效益是控制工程造价的目的。本文叙述了工程建设从投资决策、设计、招投标、施工及竣工验收各阶段工程造价的控制方法。     

The Ethical Cycle

Arriving at a moral judgment is not a straightforward or linear process in which ethical theories are simply applied to cases. Instead it is a process in which the formulation of the moral problem, the formulation of possible “solutions”, and the ethical judging of these solutions go hand in hand. This messy character of moral problems, however, does not rule out a systematic approach. In this article, we describe a systematic approach to problem solving that does justice to the complex nature of moral problems and ethical judgment: the ethical cycle. Our goal is to provide a structured and disciplined method of addressing moral problems, which helps to guide a sound analysis of these problems. We will illustrate the usefulness of this cycle with an example. Further, we will discuss two general issues in applied ethics in relation to the proposed ethical cycle: the role of ethical theories and the place of individual judgment versus collective deliberation. Ibo van de Poel (1966) is Assistant Professor of Ethics and Technology at Delft University of Technology. He has done research on the dynamics of technological development, codes of conduct and professional ethics of engineers, the moral acceptability of technological risks, ethics in engineering design, and ethics and responsibiltiy in R&D networks. He has published in, among others, Science, Technology & Humans Values, Research Policy and Science and Engineering Ethics. For more information, see http://www.tbm.tudelft.nl/webstaf/ibop/. Lambèr Royakkers (1967) is Associate Professor of Ethics and Technology at Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands. He studied Philosophy and Social Sciences, Technical Mathematics, and Law. He received his PhD at the Tilburg University in 1996. His dissertation was on the formalisation of normative rules with deontic logic. It has been revised rather thoroughly for the serie Law and Philosophy published by Kluwer Academic in 1998. His research interests include ethics and technology, (collective) responsibility, and logic.     

计算机组成原理实验教学的改进

本文从计算机组成原理实验目前教学存在的问题入手,提出了实验内容和教学方法的改进措施,以提高计算机组成原理实验的教学效果。     

螺栓设计的假想危险截面面积法

本文介绍了一种设计普通螺栓直径的简便方法。并运用数值分析方法对大量数据进行电算,制作成表,供人工手算时使用。     

Can Business Ethics be Trained? A Study of the Ethical Decision-making Process in Business Students

The purpose of this paper is to examine the various guidelines presented in the literature for instituting an ethics curriculum and to empirically study their effectiveness. Three questions are addressed concerning the trainability of ethics material and the proper integration and implementation of an ethics curriculum. An empirical study then tested the effect of ethics training on moral awareness and reasoning. The sample consisted of two business classes, one exposed to additional ethics curriculum (experimental), and one not exposed (control). For the experimental group, ethics exercises and discussion relevant to each topic were completed. Findings suggested gender differences such that, relative to other groups, women in the experimental group showed significantly improved moral awareness and decision-making processes. An explanation of the underlying cognitive processes is presented to explain the gender effect.     

上海市AMC和“债转股”调查报告

旅游经营者在为旅游商品的开发设计绞尽脑汁、冥思苦想 ,出路何在 ?我们认为在常州旅游商品的开发与设计中应融入常州传统文化和艺术内涵 ,把常州民族文化艺术与商品本身有机结合起来是常州旅游商品的出路。     

中国低密度住宅设计的工业化方向

针对中国城市低密度住宅现状,作者分析了其郊区化、大规模及平民化特征,提出“有人情味”的工业化将是低密度住宅在中国的发展方向。     

多媒体技术在英美文学教学中的运用

以建构主义学习理论和读者反应批评论为理论基础,多媒体辅助英美文学教学应遵循学习者中心原则、交互性原则、科学性原则、基本性原则、有针对性地选择媒体形式,开展多样化的课堂教学活动,提高课堂教学实效。     

创意与创业:艺术设计类专业的工作室教学模式研究

随着我国经济的不断发展,高等院校的办学规模也在不断扩大,艺术设计类专业也不例外.而在市场竞争也越来越激烈的大环境下,传统的“创意理论型”的教育模式在一定程度上已经不能满足时代的需求,所以,对传统的教育模式进行改革,将创业教育模式融入到教育体系中变得越来越重要.在分析传统的“创意理论型”的教育模式不足的基础上,结合我国的实际情况,提出了建立艺术设计专业工作室制创业教育模式的可行性与必然性.     

农户贷款证券化：结构设计与信用增级

农户贷款证券化为农户贷款经营机构健康持续从事农户信贷提供了一种可行的资本补充与风险管理工具,从传统的资产证券化结构设计看,农户贷款特质决定了它基于不脱离发起人信用的参与式交易结构,并需要通过独立于贷款本身的增级方式——通常是多种方式的组合——来增强债券保障程度,其中,政府机构可以通过提供低成本外部增级扶持和改善发起人的农户贷款经营行为。