The influence of attitudes towards healthy eating on food consumption when travelling

This study explores tourists' attitude towards healthy eating and its influence on their travel eating behaviour. Based on focus group interviews and literature review, two instruments were developed to measure healthy eating attitude and travel eating behaviour. Factor analysis results revealed two healthy eating attitude factors (‘food content and nutrients’ and ‘balanced diet and eating habit’), and five travel eating behaviour factors (‘novelty’, ‘risk avoidance’, ‘health steadfastness’, ‘familiarity’, and ‘food supplement and medicine’). The relationships among the factors were examined using structural equation modelling. The findings revealed that respondents who had a stronger attitude towards ‘balanced diet and eating habit’ tended to be more motivated by the ‘novelty’ factor; whereas ‘risk avoidance’, ‘health steadfastness’ and ‘familiarity’ were found to be associated with a stronger attitude towards ‘food content and nutrient’. The findings suggest that the healthy eating attitude construct is multidimensional and healthy eating conscious tourists should not be treated as a homogeneous group.     

Empowerment and resident support for tourism in rural Central and Eastern Europe (CEE): the case of Pomerania,Poland

Despite empowerment being a crucial component of sustainable tourism, few scholars have quantitatively operationalized empowerment and looked at how it applies to rural societies within the post-communist European Union (EU) member states. Knowing the high priority of sustainable rural development goals within the EU, empowering residents within these post-communist societies has become a pertinent issue especially where those societies appear more reluctant to engaging in democratic ways of decision-making. In response to this gap, this study tests the cross-cultural validity of the Resident Empowerment through Tourism Scale, and then evaluates how empowerment predicts residents’ support for tourism within the municipality of Choczewo, Pomerania, Poland. Using a theoretical perspective that blends Social Exchange Theory with Weber's Theory of Formal and Substantive Rationality, these non-economic empowerment dimensions are coupled with a measure of resident perceptions of economically benefiting from tourism to see if rural residents in Choczewo, Poland, are more swayed by the economic or non-economic benefits of tourism. Results show that residents within this Central and Eastern Europe setting are more influenced by the pride and self-esteem boost associated with psychological empowerment and the perceptions of increased community cohesion (i.e. social empowerment) than the economic promises of tourism.     

Determinants and outcome of career competencies: Perspectives of hotel managers in China

This study aims to explore the determinants and outcome of career competencies. Based on the notion that organizations and individuals have respective obligations in the career management of employees’, this study developed perceived “organizational career management’ (OCM) and “career commitment” as determinants and career satisfaction as an outcome of career competencies. Data were collected in the state-owned hotels in China, and structural equation modeling was used to test the proposed relationships. The findings indicate that both perceived OCM and career commitments have positive, direct effects on career competencies. The findings of this study may benefit both hotels and hotel employees by providing valuable implications.     

基于IPEA方程思想的江苏省节能潜力分析

基于IPEA方程思想,对江苏省能源消耗进行了历史回顾,预测了2010年、2015年和2020年的江苏省能源消耗总量;通过产业结构演进—能源消费和产业结构演进—单位GDP能耗两个模型,分析了1985年以来江苏省产业结构演进与能源消费和单位GDP能耗的关系,结果显示,产业结构演进与一次能源消费总量和单位GDP能耗之间存在着密切的关系,通过IPEA方程分析和预测可知,在按GDP年递增率0.10的情况下,如果单位GDP能耗递减率低于0.0909,能源消耗量会增加。在今后的发展中,江苏省应继续通过一系列产业结构调整和优化措施,降低能源消耗。     

PI背景下的TDI结构方程模型

态度理论为地区形象(PI)和旅游目的地形象(TDI)的联合研究提供了一个平台。本文构建了一个理论上的地区形象背景下的旅游目的地形象结构方程模型。模型是一个具有因果关系的结构方程模型,包括8个潜变量和28个观测变量。以徐州为例,在运用SPSS15.0软件对数据进行信度检验的基础上,利用LISREL8.70软件对模型进行了验证性因子分析和路径分析。研究发现:(1)结构模型中各潜变量之间的路径与假定基本符合,模型的整体拟合性能良好;(2)旅游资源认知和旅游服务认知会对旅游意愿产生作用,这符合我们的传统理念;(3)地区特征和居民素质对旅游服务感知、目的地评价和旅游意愿三者均有效应,而地区竞争力和居民竞争力仅对旅游服务感知产生影响。     

基于边际税率差模型的税收筹划动力源泉分析

在税收法律制度框架内,现代企业拥有税收筹划与非税收筹划两种节税手段,企业选择非税收筹划必然遭到税收法律的严厉制裁,增加企业的节税成本.通过构建边际税率差模型,我们发现企业存在内在驱动因素使其选择税收筹划来增大企业的税后收益,从而实现企业价值最大化目标,这一内在驱动因素就是边际税率差最小化.     

广义基本解方法求解具有一类特殊热源的热传导方程反边界值问题

给出一种求解具有一类特殊热源的非齐次热传导方程反边界值问题的无网格方法,即广义基本解方法．该方法将问题的解分成特解和相应齐次问题的解两个部分：齐次解用基本解方法求解,而特解则是利用源项的特殊性由相应的特征方程的基本解近似得到．最后给出数值例子说明该方法的稳定性和有效性．     

研发投入、新兴资本与企业绩效关系探讨

文章以2012年我国上市公司年度报告为研究样本,应用AMOS结构方程软件,实证分析了研发投入、新兴资本与企业业绩的相互关系。研究表明,研发投入对新兴资本、新兴资本对企业业绩都具有显著的促进作用。企业要实现持久的业绩提升,必须转变新兴资本筹集渠道。自主研发应成为新兴资本最主要的获取途径,并且还需进一步调动研发人员积极性,促进研发费用向开发支出以及新兴资本的转化,并进一步加强新兴资本间的内部整合,提高新兴资本的投入效率。     

古村落居民地方依恋与资源保护态度的关系——以西递、宏村、南屏为例

本文以皖南的西递、宏村和南屏等3个古村落为例,设计量表测量了古村落居民的地方依恋,通过构建结构方程模型探讨了居民地方依恋与其资源保护态度的关系。研究结果表明：（1）古村落居民的地方依恋由地方依赖（ξ）和地方认同（η1）两个维度构成;（2）地方依赖（ξ）对地方认同（η1）有显著的正向影响（γ11=0．87,t=13．13）;（3）地方依赖（ξ）和地方认同（η1）对居民的资源保护态度（η2）有显著的正向影响（γ21=0．57,t=9．85;β21=0．66,t=10．20）;（4）地方依赖（ξ）主要是通过地方认同（η1）影响居民的资源保护态度（η2）,地方认同在其中起着中介作用（γ21直播=0．26,t=1．69;γ21间接=0．36,t=2．79）。本文的研究对古村落的资源保护以及古村落居住新区的建设有一定的现实指导和借鉴意义。     

家庭结构对农地流转意愿的影响——基于结构方程模型的实证分析

研究目的:分析家庭结构对农民流转土地意愿的影响,并揭示其内部机理的形成,以期为土地流转政策的完善提供参考。研究方法:因子分析法和结构方程模型。研究结果:(1)家庭人口特征、土地使用特征、户主个体特征及家庭决策特征4类外源潜变量会显著影响农地流转意愿;(2)可观测变量对外源潜变量的解释能力较强,其中,家庭总人口、实际经营及流转土地面积、户主年龄、家庭内部矛盾解决方式分别对这4类外源潜变量的解释能力相对较好,即家庭总人口越多、实际经营及流转土地面积越小、户主年龄越大、依赖于内部解决矛盾的家庭更愿意流转农地。研究结论:家庭结构主要通过主动依赖、扶养压力、收入偏好、农地保障、决策信息5种机理对流转意愿产生影响,未来土地流转政策的完善应重视解决这些问题。