Managing academic innovation in Taiwan: Towards a ‘scientific-economic’ framework

Since the passage of the Science and Technology Basic Law in 1999, Taiwanese universities have taken a more “scientific-economic” approach to protect and commercialize their research. This research mainly examines innovation activities such as patenting, licensing, and incubated startups in the context of Taiwanese higher education institutions (HEIs). The “scientific-economic” framework used to analyze the strategic aspects influencing these academic innovations includes (1) intellectual property managerial capabilities, (2) the strength of external industrial partnerships, (3) the university entrepreneurial orientation, and (4) government research policy. Four hypotheses were developed. Data were collected via a questionnaire with all 122 HEIs in Taiwan surveyed.The research reveals that the aspects of intellectual property managerial capability, HEI-industry partnerships, and academic entrepreneurial orientation are useful to distinguish the university's innovation performance on patent grants, licensing incomes, and firm incubation. Also, government support on research plays a moderating role in academic innovation. Managerial and policy implications for managing innovation effectively in universities were drawn.     

制度环境、会计师事务所转制与审计质量

利用我国事务所组织形式变革提供的自然实验契机,构建会计师事务所法律责任与审计质量关系的理论模型,以我国2008—2013年具有证券资格会计师事务所审计的沪深两市A股上市公司为研究对象,实证考察事务所由有限责任制转变为特殊普通合伙制对审计质量的影响,并检验我国各地区发展不均衡的制度环境在两者关系中的调节作用。研究发现,转制后会计师事务所的审计质量显著提高;与市场化程度较高地区相比,转制后市场化程度较低地区特殊普通合伙制会计师事务所的审计质量提高更加显著。研究表明,转制有助于促进我国会计师事务所整体质量提升和全面均衡发展。     

HRM implementation by line managers: explaining the discrepancy in HR-line perceptions of HR devolution

Previous studies already established the idea of a partnership in which HR professionals and line managers share an organisation’s HRM responsibility. Yet, this relationship is often plagued by conflicts and other obstacles. As such, a perceptual discrepancy is likely to exist between both parties on the degree of HR devolution, which may eventually lead to bad performance. Using survey data, we empirically analyse which factors may explain a perceptual discrepancy between HR professionals and line managers on the latter group’s role in HRM. Results show that the HR-line discrepancy on the degree of HR devolution is rooted in differences in perception on several other factors, including organisational support, (personnel) red tape, the line’s individual capacity and age. Overall, though, it is a matter of understanding both HR’s expectations and the line’s experiences in all aspects of their partnership.     

基于共同演化的供应链合作伙伴协调能力研究

传统的战略合作伙伴关系依靠战略的连接使得伙伴关系更加紧密,提高了供应链管理绩效。这种战略伙伴关系更多地侧重其长期战略目标。但是,随着市场环境变化的不确定性加强,以及敏捷化、智能化、柔性化的要求对供应链伙伴关系提出了新的挑战。即如何既拥有长期的合作战略目标,又可以随着环境的不断变化及时调整。从一个全新的角度,结合生态学与复杂适应系统,给出一种新的伙伴关系模式——共同演化的伙伴关系。并基于此,提出了要协调好长期利益与短期利益的关键在于处理好伙伴关系之间的协调能力,并对协调能力进行了具体研究,分为四种协调能力,并对协调能力的测度模型进行探讨。     

软件外包合作关系信任演化路径和模型研究

软件外包企业间相互信任通过合作关系发展起来,而信任的发展又会促进双方谋求更多的合作,从而形成循环向上的发展过程。在伙伴关系前提下,信任演化路径由感觉、感知、感化再到系统管理阶段,由感性信任的逐步积累,进而上升到对理性信任的科学项目化管理。最终合作双方的信任管理能根据不同项目变成不断的良性循环,信任变成了外包企业中的一种文化。     

供应链合作利益协调问题研究

公平、公正、合理的利润分配方案不仅有利于维护供应链的稳定,还可以刺激企业更加努力融入供应链中,提高供应链的竞争力。但是目前对于供应链利润分配过程的研究,多局限于契约机制或者博弈论方面。从供应链合作利益分配角度出发,利用供应链管理、博弈论和委托代理机制理论,建立起了契约机制和转移支付相结合的二次利益分配机制,使得整个供应链合作利益分配既满足效率的要求,又能符合公平的原则。     

The Intellectual Structure Of Research Into PPPs

Abstract

Public–private partnerships (or PPPs) encompass a broad spectrum of public sector infrastructure and service initiatives. Recently, some scholars have undertaken literature review studies of the various definitions of the concept of PPPs and its research traditions, identifying several distinct PPP research approaches. This article aims to: (1) enhance the findings of these literature reviews; (2) identify the cited works and authors (intellectual structure) in the published research on PPPs; (3) define the subfields that constitute the intellectual structure of PPP research fields. The methodology is based on the bibliometric techniques of citation and author co-citation analysis applied to published research on PPPs included in the Social Science Citation Index.     

The political economy of preferential trade arrangements: The case of Japan

ABSTRACT

Support for open trade regimes varies. We analyze Japanese survey data on individuals' preferences for TPP, unilateral import liberalization, and East Asian economic integration, and compare factors influencing policy preferences. First, despite the massive negative campaigns against TPP, 42.8% of individuals support Japan’s participation in TPP, vs. 21.1% against. Second, economic factors do matter for an individual in determining his/her policy preference over TPP. Third, noneconomic factors such as gender, age, access to accurate information, and attachment to hometown also feature as determinants. Fourth, although preferences over TPP and other policy options are positively correlated, some factors decrease TPP support but do not undermine support for two other less-politicized policy options: lack of access to accurate information and some industry and regional TPP-specific factors. Criticism impacts negatively on FTA policy preferences. Finally, we discuss economic policy implications for relationships between China, Japan, and Korea.

Abbreviations: FTA: Free trade agreement; JA: Japan agricultural cooperative; TPP: Trans-Pacific partnership agreement.     

会计师事务所组织形式对审计质量的影响

从会计师事务所组织形式的演变、各国的选择、法律风险等方面的研究可以看出会计师事务所组织形式与审计质量之间存在着密切关系。合伙会计师事务所更有提供高质量审计服务的动机。为提高审计质量,应优化会计师事务所的运行机制：其组织形式应采用由政府引导的诱致性变迁模式;建立健全民事赔偿机制;建立健全个人财产登记制度和共有财产分割制度;建立有效的职业责任保险体系。     

基于合作关系的供应链信息共享模式研究

首先研究了供应链上下游合作伙伴间信息共享博弈情况，并分析了影响信息共享的障碍因素。然后，从合作伙伴合作关系的视角探讨了供成链中合作伙伴的类型及合作目的，最后以此为基础构建出供应链合作伙伴的信息共事模式及技术支撑体系。