科技创新对就业的影响效应——基于总量和结构的视角

在文献综述和理论分析的基础上,构建了自回归分布滞后模型,并采用1995—2010年相关数据,通过单位根检验、协整检验、Granger因果关系检验、脉冲响应分析和方差分解分析,实证检验了科技创新对我国就业总量和就业结构的影响。结果显示:我国科技创新总体上并未排斥就业,对就业量的总体效应为溢出效应,同时优化了就业结构。     

财政支出竞争对区域经济协调发展的影响效应及约束对策

财政分权赋予了地方政府相对独立的权力以及市场化条件下资源流动的现实,使得地方政府有了运用财政支出政策调控资源进出本地区的空间,从而实现本地区或区域的经济利益进而表达为政治利益诉求财政支出竞争对区域经济协调发展既有正效应,也会产生负效应可通过明确政府提供基本公共服务职能、深化财政分权改革、改革政绩考核制度、转移支付制度与区域开发政策相配合、建立政府间合作与协调机制等措施,对财政支出竞争的负效应加以约束,以推动区域经济的协调发展     

影响新疆少数民族农村富余劳动力转移就业障碍的分析

由于语言、文化习俗、社会历史原因导致新疆少数民族农村富余劳动力向城市转移缓慢,就业困难,贫困现象普遍。尤其是南疆地区,城市化进程严重滞后,富余劳动力人口大量聚集。作为\"三农\"问题和城市化研究的热点,探讨并最终解决新疆农村劳动力的特殊主体——少数民族富余劳动力转移就业存在的障碍,对于新疆农民增收,南疆农民脱贫,缩小南北疆区域经济差距,实现新疆全面小康社会目标具有决定性影响。     

基于Meta分析的供应链网络嵌入性与协同创新绩效关系研究

供应链企业在合作中相互产生嵌入行为对高效整合链上资源以提高协同创新绩效至关重要,然而,两者之间的关系至今尚未形成一致性研究结论。本文利用Meta分析方法,以60篇相关文献、118个效应值、17911个独立样本作为研究对象,探究了网络嵌入性及各维度与协同创新绩效的整体效应,并运用亚组分析明晰了调节变量在两者关系中的调节作用。研究表明：网络嵌入性及其子维与协同创新绩效具有显著的正相关关系。另外,行业类型、区位因素、绩效类型及实证研究方法的不同均会导致研究结果不一致。本研究结论在一定程度上为网络嵌入性与协同创新绩效的关系研究提供了理论依据,同时也为供应链企业通过网络嵌入性提高创新能力提供了可资借鉴的参考思路。     

Economic growth, international trade and air pollution: A decomposition analysis

This study analyzes the impact of economic growth and international trade on the level of air pollution. This is done by the estimation of the Structural Equation Model with two factors describing the structure of economic activity and air pollution intensity. It is further assumed that there is causal link between these two factors and that they are influenced by per capita income, international trade intensity and the Freedom House Index.The estimation results suggest that in the developing countries analyzed both international trade and per capita income lead to changes in the structure of economic activity and - as a consequence - to the increase in air pollution. In addition, the estimation results suggest that the impact of economic growth on air pollution intensity varies between the developing and developed countries. In the developing countries, this impact occurs through the change of the structure of economic activity, while in the developed countries, this impact is mainly direct and occurs through the sum of the scale effect and income effect. The positive sign of this impact suggests the dominance of the scale effect over the income effect.     

Medium-term and Long-term Momentum and Contrarian Effects on China during 1994-2004

We examine momentum and contrarian effects in China＇s stock market during 1994-2004 and find that no medium momentum effects exist. Meanwhile, contrarian strategy works effectively over the horizon of 18-36 months. 1-month gap for avoiding bid-ask bounce and lead-lag effect make no considerable change to our empirical results. Transaction costs seem to have no significant impact on contrarian strategies＇ profit.     

Quasi-Experimental Evidence of Peer Effects in First-Year Economics Courses at a Chinese University

The authors of this article implement a quasi-experimental strategy to estimate peer effects in economic education by exploiting the institutional setting in a large public university in China, where roommates are randomly assigned conditional on a student's major and province of origin. They found significant impacts of peer academic quality, measured as roommates’ average scores on the national College Entrance Exam, on first-year economics students’ scores in first-year microeconomics, macroeconomics, and accounting courses. They also found nonlinearity in peer effects: Roommates’ academic ability has significant effects for academically weak students but not for academically strong students.     

当前失地农民问题的几点思考

随着城镇化建设力度加大,城市住房和非农用地需求增大,大量农业用地转为城市用地,导致失地农民越来越多,不仅制约农村经济的发展、影响农村的稳定与进步,还会影响全面建设小康社会目标的实现,影响以人为本、构建和谐社会的进程。因此,探索失地农民面临的问题及有效的解决途径具有现实意义。     

企业数字化转型能稳就业吗？——来自危机期间的经验证据

数字化转型是企业在危机期间重塑业务形态、强化经营韧性的重要选择。本文基于2016-2021年中国A股上市公司数据,实证检验危机期间企业数字化转型对就业规模的影响效应。研究发现：数字化转型有助于提升企业危机期间的就业规模,具体在疫情期间,企业数字化转型每增加1%使得就业规模相对增长2.7%。其中,数字化转型主要通过“广化效应”与“深化效应”提升企业危机期间的就业规模,其就业替代效应并不明显。在疫情严重城市、数字生态行业和国有企业中,数字化转型更能提升企业危机期间的就业规模。最后,企业在危机期间推进数字化转型能够提高员工收入与企业劳动生产率。本文为维护危机期间社会稳定以及双循环战略实现提供了重要参考。     

Economic Growth and Structural Changes in Employment and Investments in China, 1985–94

This paper uses a shift-share method to quantify the components of economic growth and structural changes in employment and investments at both the national and regional levels. The results indicate that rapid economic growth has been characterized by significant shifts in employment and investments between industries in China. Such structural changes have a distinct regional pattern which has important policy implications regarding spatial disparities in economic growth and income. The results shed some important light on the understanding of Deng's development thought that is formalized in this paper as a multi-tier and multi-stage development strategy for a large developing economy. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.