Manufacturing labor in the Central Region of Mexico. An estimation by great division

The production performance and its effects in the generation of formal employment in the Central region of Mexico are analyzed at the major division level of manufacture. The most dynamic activity divisions of the manufacturing industry are identified and, by estimating a function of employment with panel data for each of the nine major divisions of manufacture, it is reported that the activity divisions: I. Food products, beverages and tobacco, II. Textiles, clothing and leather industry, III. Timber industry and wood products and IX. Other manufacturing industries show high employment income elasticity (0.716, 1.035, 0.781 and 0.94). Furthermore, the divisions that comprise the more technical branches, with greater innovation processes and high levels of export, such as division VIII. Metal products, machinery and equipment, show lower elasticity.     

加强职业指导 推动就业落实——浅谈高职院校职业指导工作的开展

本文从学生就业、社会适应、素质培养、学校生存等方面阐述了高职院校职业指导工作开展的现实意义,从实际出发指出了当前高职院校职业指导工作开展中存在的主要问题,并就高职院校职业指导工作的开展从理论研究、队伍建设、工作开展、社会渠道等方面提出了建议。     

人力资本对劳动力外出就业动机的影响——基于山西省的调查

本文通过因子分析得出了劳动力外出就业动机的四个维度,即发展型动机、收入型动机、教育型动机和随大流动机,并就不同人力资本存量的劳动力的非农就业动机进行了独立样本T检验和方差分析。结果表明,受教育程度高的、受过培训、有技能、健康状况良好的劳动力更多的倾向于发展型动机;年龄大、已婚的、男性更多的倾向于增加收入、为子女创造受教育机会的动机;打工经验多的劳动力增加收入的动机更强烈,打工经验少的劳动力则在"随大流"上显示出意向性。     

“双证”融通：职教与就业对接的重要举措——以广州民航职业技术学院为例

“双证”融通是学历教育和职业培训并举、学历文凭与职业资格证书并重、人才培养与人才使用沟通、职教与就业对接的重要举措,是架接民航高技能人才培养“立交桥”的有效途径之一,是职前职后贯通的桥梁和纽带。     

International mixed duopoly and strategic commitments

This paper examines an international mixed model in which a social-welfare-maximizing domestic public firm competes against a profit-maximizing foreign private firm. First, the public firm can adopt either a lifetime employment contract or a wage-rise contract as strategic commitments. Second, the foreign private firm decides whether or not to enter the market. Third, if the foreign private firm enters, each firm independently chooses its actual output, while if the foreign private firm does not enter, the public firm acts as a monopolist. The paper shows the equilibrium of the international mixed model.

黑龙江省经济增长与就业关系的国内外比较研究

改革开放以来,我国经济快速增长,就业出现了新形势,上世纪九十年代以来,开始有学者对我国经济增长与就业关系进行研究,结果证明"奥肯定律"在我国失灵,由此出现了"奥肯悖论"、反"奥肯定律"之说。黑龙江省经济增长与就业关系有不同于国际上及全国总体情况的特殊性和特定规律,对此进行研究可为黑龙江省经济增长战略,经济发展模式,就业政策的制定,解决就业问题的策略等提出参考意见。     

流通产业变动与就业吸纳力——基于省际面板数据的实证检验

流通产业因其自身的特性对就业的吸纳能力较强,但由于从业人员规模、产值增长速度、产业内部产值和就业构成比例的偏差等多重因素的影响,东部及中西部地区流通产业对于就业吸纳能力有所不同。本文在简要分析产业结构和就业吸纳力关联机理的基础上,以东部和中西部地区流通产业产值、就业和企业法人数为主要考察变量,对流通产业就业吸纳力做了回归分析。实证结果显示,东部发达地区的流通产业产值和就业对总体就业吸纳能力的影响强于中西部欠发达地区,而限额以上企业法人数对总体就业吸纳呈现负向影响,且东部地区大于中西部地区。本文的主旨是希望通过具体的计量检验与分析,为今后学术界对于流通产业就业吸纳力的理论研究提供更多的实证依据。     

Global Consistency Versus Local Responsiveness: Deutsche Telekom's Human Resource Management Strategies in Central and Eastern Europe

This article analyses the competing demands faced by Deutsche Telekom for global consistency and local responsiveness as it attempted to coordinate its human resource management strategies across its Eastern European subsidiaries. It considers the degree to which the former economic and political histories of Eastern Europe continue to influence and/or constrain multinational corporation strategies and practices in the post-2000 era. Institutional path dependency, strategic international human resource management, and international industrial relations theories are used to assist in analyzing the data. The study concludes that managerial constraints associated with the historical and economic legacies of these former socialist countries are rapidly declining, thereby allowing multinational firms to implement “Western-style” human resource management strategies. It further suggests that industrial relations institutions at the European Union level, rather than individual country level, have the greatest potential to impact on international human resource management strategies in the region. Multinational corporations should therefore engage in more-integrated strategic international human resource management and international industrial relations approaches.     

The Prevalence and Impacts of ‘Envelope Wages’ in East–Central Europe

ABSTRACT

To evaluate the prevalence and impacts of the illegitimate wage practice where employers pay formal employees both a declared wage and an additional undeclared ‘envelope wage’, a survey involving 10,171 interviews across 10 East–Central European nations is reported to evaluate its commonality and evidence from 313 interviews conducted in Moscow to analyse its impacts. Finding that 10% of employees were paid envelope wages during 2007 amounting on average to two-fifths of their gross wage, and that this arrangement has deleterious implications for both employees and the economy, the article concludes by discussing how it might be tackled.     

Japanese Women in Management: Getting Closer to ‘Realities’ in Japan

Women managers are seldom seen in Japan. Female legislators, senior officials and managers are only 9 per cent of the total. It is also one of the main factors that have created the significant gender wage gap; female workers earned just 66.5 per cent of male worker earnings in 2002. This contribution explores reasons for the persistent phenomenon of very few female managers in the Japanese workplace despite economic and political factors favourable for ‘empowering’ women. To what extent is this situation explained by the cliché that women lack the ‘will’ to be promoted? The common explanation is that women ‘choose’ not to be promoted or leave their jobs because of their ‘attitude’ to marriage, birth and family responsibilities. Is that all? A recent study on work organization revealed the mechanism of constructing female private ‘attitudes’ and ‘choice’ within the organization. Although this new approach seems promising, this contribution argues that its local-oriented approach should be combined with macro analysis, especially focusing on the institutionalized practices beyond each workplace.