中国高新技术产业开发区的综合评论

从1991至2001年,中国共建立了53个国家级高新技术产业开发区,在过去的十几年里,高新区的建设在数量和质量方面都取得了显著成就。进区高新企业数目、总收入、总产出、职工人数、出口额、上缴利税额、科研人员数和科研投入都有巨大增长;同时,生产率、国内和国际竞争力以及知识技术密集度也大幅提高。由此,综合评价高新技术产业开发区显得尤为重要。数据包络分析方法被用来对中国全部53个国家级高新技术产业开发区发展现状进行综合评价,针对生产非有效的高新区,通过投影分析提供了改进方向。     

高新区升级能否提升制造业企业TFP?

提升制造业企业全要素生产率对中国实体经济高质量发展至关重要。研究使用国家统计局的全国创新调查企业数据库数据，构建多期双重差分模型研究省级高新区升级对制造业企业TFP的影响和机制。主要发现：第一，省级高新区升级后，制造业企业TFP平均增加约5.20%；第二，产业集聚效应和企业减税效应是省级高新区升级提升制造业企业TFP水平的重要机制；第三，相对于低效率的制造业企业，省级高新区升级对中、高效率制造业企业TFP的促进效应更加突出。政府可借助“以升代建”的国家级高新区发展战略推动中国制造业高质量发展。     

Comparison of land use change in payments for environmental services and National Biological Corridor Programs

Costa Rica established the National Biological Corridor Program in 2006. Under the National Biological Corridor Program, the long-running Payment for Environmental Services Program was newly prioritized into biological corridors throughout the country. The National Biological Corridor Program caused a nationwide spatial shift in placement of payments for environmental services throughout Costa Rica. We classified ASTER 15-m resolution imagery in a central Costa Rica corridor connecting the eastern and western protected areas networks to analyze the change in forests during the National Biological Corridor Program with its targeted payments for environmental services effort. We used object-based classification methods, and compared land cover changes over an initial four-year period of corridor policy enactment. We calculated the changes within PES properties and outside of PES regions, and we also calculated forest patch metrics during the same time period. Results indicate a decline in forest cover over the study period, along with an increase in urban and pasture land covers, with higher change and loss of forest centered inside of the biological corridor, near the construction area for the new San Carlos highway, and within eastern pasture areas. We also saw a higher percentage of forest loss inside of the biological corridor area as compared to areas outside of the biological corridor. Forest loss was drastically less within current and historic PES properties, as compared to the overall study region. Across the entire study region, patch metrics show a decrease in the number of patches and a slight decrease in average patch size. These results suggest that current and past designation of PES prevents forest loss within PES properties while the current designation of priority conservation status via the National Biological Corridor Program is not increasing connectivity and forest conservation. This is shown by increased land use change and a decrease in forest associated with biological corridor designation. These results are antithetical to the goals of the National Biological Corridor Program.     

中国经济特区产业转型能力评价研究

在比较中国经济特区工业和服务业转型趋势基础上,从产业成长水平、结构转换水平、规模水平、效益水平、相关支撑条件六个维度构建了评价中国经济特区产业转型能力的评价体系,并对中国经济特区产业转型情况进行综合评价。结果发现,深圳在五大经济特区产业转型发展中具有综合优势,其他经济特区在加快产业转型过程中也具有一定的比较优势条件。基于评价分析结果,最后提出了加快特区产业转型的相关政策建议。     

构建中国西部地区新兴旅游黄金带的探索

西部大开发战略的实施，为旅游业的发展带来了千栽难逢的机遇；湘鄂渝黔桂省际边境地区旅游资源富集、区住优越、交通条件较好。具有构建旅游黄金带的优势条件；发展中西部地区的旅游业必须树立创新意识，实施政府主导战略，制订总体发展规划，合理开发旅游资源，加强生态环境建设和保护，实现可持续发展。     

北京市城区住宅地价的时空变化规律

揭示大城市住宅地价的时空变化规律,有助于政府制定合理的房价调控和土地利用政策。传统统计和空间分析相结合的方法。2005年后新城区地价增幅明显高于老城区。五环外地区因充足的土地供给、交通状况的改善而逐渐成为住宅开发的重点。南部地区地价涨幅明显,地价"北高南低"现象有所缓解。北京的居住功能已经由老城区转至新城区,环线地价的空间布局呈明显的波浪推移状态。     

主体功能限制开发区域的空间功能区划研究——以湘西州为例

老少边穷地区是主体功能区类型划分的空白区,其功能区划对落实我国整体主体功能区划具有重要意义。选择典型案例地湘西州为研究对象,探讨了主体功能限制开发背景下区域空间功能区划的思路、指标体系、区划方案等内容。基于自然生态条件和社会经济条件评价基础上,按照国家主体功能区划的部署,提出了2级3类的功能区划方案,可为其它同类型区域的功能区划提供典型参考。     

加快推进我国沿边地区经济特区的建设

2010年中央从深入实施西部大开发战略和维护边疆地区的长治久安出发,先后做出了在我国新疆喀什和霍尔果斯、内蒙古满洲里、云南瑞丽、广西东兴设立经济特区的重大决策。在我国沿边地区举办经济特区,具有自身的优势和条件,同时具有特殊性和挑战性,需要赋予更加特殊的政策和体制。本文就此进行探讨并提出政策建议。     

正确理解民主集中制原则 谨防走入"下级服从上级"的误区

个人服从组织,少数服从多数,下级服从上级,全党服从中央,是我党一贯的组织原则.然而,现实生活中少数同志自觉不自觉地在"下级服从上级"的旗号下,肢解民主集中制原则,破坏党内民主,危害党的事业.研究在"下级服从上级"方面出现的误区及危害的启示在于:有利于防止党内不和谐现象的产生;进一步昭示了党章教育的重要性和必要性;为开展...     

Second moments in speculative attack models: panel evidence

The paper tests two popular asset based models of speculative attacks and in particular, their emphasis on the second moments of monetary aggregates. Analyzing monthly panels of appropriate countries in three regions, it finds evidence for the importance of money/reserve ratios predicted by both models, as well as the variance of the ratio of M2 to reserves.