论生产要素的劳动化

省级经济技术开发区建设和发展取得了令人瞩目的成就 ,同时也面临新的形势。本文分析了开发区当前发展存在的问题 ,并提出了开发区再发展的对策意见。     

Port activities and the spatial structure of cities: the case of Freetown, Sierra Leone

Port activities often give rise to distinctive regions within their town or city and it might be expected that they would have on effect on the spatial differentiation and spatial structure of urban areas. However, urban spatial theory appears to ignore this possibility, urban structure models having little or nothing to say about the role of port activities in shaping the spatial structure of towns and cities. Given this, the paper investigates the possibility of port activities having influenced the spatial structure of Freetown, Sierra Leone. It discusses the historical development of the port and city as a framework for consideration of the role of port activities in shaping the growing urban area. Attention is focused particularly on those areas where the influence is clearest, i.e. the central area with its concentration of business, commercial and administrative activities, and on the location of modern industrial areas in the emerging metropolitan area. Other factors that have shaped the urban area are discussed also. It is argued that, whilst port activities have been important historically, other influences have become more significant as the basis of the economy has broadened, the structure of society has become more complex and the city has assumed additional functions. The findings are tested by a brief and preliminary examination of other port-cities in tropical Africa, establishing that spatial associations between port activities and the central business area and between them and industrial areas are common.     

Volatility trade-offs in exchange rate target zones

The volatility trade-offs (i.e. the negative relationships between exchange rate variability and the interest rate differential) exhibited in the Krugman [Krugman, P. (1991). Target zones and exchange rate dynamics. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 106, 669–682.] model depend on the assumption of uncovered interest rate parity (UIP). However, the bands for several economies in Latin America and Eastern Europe are substantially different from those within the European Monetary System (EMS), in that their parity relationship deviates from UIP and volatility trade-offs do not exist. This paper develops a graphical exposition and uses it to show that the degree of capital mobility may serve as a plausible vehicle to explain the empirical evidence found in Krugman's regime of exchange rate target zones. Based on a Fleming-type stochastic macro model, we find that when capital mobility is relatively low, exchange rate variability exhibits a positive relationship with the interest rate differential. This result can be regarded as a possible way of resolving the conflicting outcomes between Krugman's prediction and existing empirical observations.     

我国三大经济区出口与经济增长关系的比较研究

利用我国三大经济区中六个省份的出口和GDP变量,检验出口是否促进经济增长以及经济增长是否带动出口。透过单根检验、协整检验、Granger因果关系检验,发现各经济区不同省份出口和经济增长之间存在着较为复杂的因果关系。为增强出口和经济增长的相互促进作用,要充分发挥人力资本的作用,优化产品结构,并建立相应的配套制度。     

Using workplace population statistics to understand retail store performance

We explore the value of recently released workplace geographies and accompanying census-based workplace zone statistics (WZS) and an associated classification of workplace zones (COWZ). We consider how these data could support retailers in their operational and strategic decision-making, including the evaluation of retail demand and retail store performance in localities where trade is driven by non-residential demand. In collaboration with major UK grocery retailer The Co-operative Group we explore the relationship between workplace population composition and store trading characteristics using a series of case study stores within Inner London. We use empirical store trading data to identify store and product category level temporal sales fluctuations attributable to workplace populations. We also use census-derived flow data to identify the spatial origins of workplace population inflow. We identify that store performance exhibits characteristics attributable to demand driven by these populations. We conclude that workplace population geographies, WZS and the COWZ afford considerable potential for understanding drivers of store performance, observed store trading patterns and evaluation of retail store performance. We suggest that the next step is to build these populations and their micro geography spatial and temporal characteristics into predictive models and evaluate their potential for store performance evaluation and location-based store and network decision-making within this sector.     

中、印经济转型以来对外经济关系的基本战略比较

上世纪后期中、印两国开始经济转型以来,两国在对外经济关系战略上都有了较大的转变,两者存在一定的相似之处,但也存在明显的差别,总的来说,两国都由进口替代转向了出口导向战略,重视自身的比较优势,但印度的对外开放度明显不如中国。两国都强调在自力更生的基础上实行对外开放,但中国更注重对外开放,而印度则更偏重于民族企业自身的发展,另外,中国更强调对外开放的层次性,在经济特区等试点地区的对外开放比印度取得了更大的效果。     

农村基层年轻干部应克服思想意识上的四种误区

广大农村基层年轻干部在建设社会主义新农村的广阔舞台上立足本职工作,深入基层,艰苦奋斗,为新农村建设作出了不可磨灭的贡献。但面对农村基层工作纷繁复杂的局面,面对改革过程中不断出现的新情况,新问题,不少年轻干部还不能正确地认识、分析和处理,在思想意识还存在着"官本位"意识、"盲目攀比"意识、"贪图享受"意识、"极端个人主义"意识等四种误区。     

城市密集区内小城镇的产业发展定位——常州嘉泽镇都市农业发展策略

城市密集区内小城镇的工业发展不具优势,生态环境压力导致这些小城镇产业选择困惑。需要开拓思路,错位发展,结合当地资源环境的优势发展都市农业,尤其是花木产业。文章分析了常州市武进花木基地嘉泽镇的花木产业发展现状,研究了花木产业的发展基础与优越的市场与区位条件,提出了构建科技支撑体系、形成专业化生产模式,延伸产业链,同步发展休闲观赏农业的产业发展策略。     

辽宁省“三大经济区”产业发展方向分析——基于灰色局势决策理论

优化产业布局是关系区域经济、社会与环境可持续发展的关键问题。长期以来,人们只注重从经济资源出发考虑产业布局,忽视从环境、经济、社会协调发展的角度进行产业布局,结果必然造成地区发展失衡。尝试运用灰色系统理论中的灰色局势决策方法对辽宁省＂三大经济区＂的产业发展方向进行了探析,为辽宁省优化产业布局,推进区域间的整合,提高区域整体产业水平提供有力的依据。     

宁南上黄村乡村土地景观格局优化与生态经济功能区研究

研究目的：以宁夏固原市上黄村不同时期土地利用现状图为基础,研究黄土高原乡村尺度上的土地利用变化与生态功能区规划。研究方法：RS/GIS技术与数理统计法。研究结果：近30年来上黄小流域土地利用发生了巨大的变化,主要表现为林草地面积大幅度增长,坡耕地面积减少和果园面积逐年扩大;上黄村可划分为生态环境保护区、旱作农业区和高效生态农业区三个功能区。研究结论：在研究土地利用变化的基础上,进行土地结构优化调整与生态功能区划,对黄土高原半干旱生态严重退化区的生态环境进行修复与可持续发展具有重要的理论和实践意义。