谈《庄子》散文中的自然美与想象

庄子认为"道隐于小成,言隐于荣华",要揭示"道",就得透过"小成",摒弃"荣华",以自然的心态,去认识和审视周围的一切。自然现象的自然无为,无拘无束,无意识无目的而又合规律合目的的自然运行的状态,就是庄子崇尚和提倡的自然之美。自然万物是共通的,人当然与万物共通,庄子通过想象描写这宇宙间万物的共通性。庄子挟带着共感的想象力,实质上来源于他视自身与自然同一的信念。     

论数学学科的素质教育价值

数学是现代科学的基础学科,它深深地渗入到社会生活的各个领域。“纯粹数学和应用数学是理解世界及其发展的一把主要钥匙”,生活在现代社会的每个人都需要这把钥匙。如何认识数学学科的素质教育价值,这是数学教育工作者为了卓有成效地进行数学教育而必须探讨的问题。本文就数学学科的素质教育价值进行一些粗浅的探讨,与同行商榷。     

The interplay of formal and informal institutions between local and regional authorities when creating well-functioning public transport systems

This paper analyzes how public transport planning is managed in institutional contexts where governance is spread across local and regional scales. The paper sheds light on two facets of the relationship between local and regional government: first, the decision-making process regarding where to provide public transport services and at what level, and second, integration of public transport with land use planning. An analytical matrix is used to cross-reference the roles of formal institutions (governance established in law) and informal institutions (governance not established in law) against local and regional responsibilities for public transport and land use. Analysis of the interplay between these three axes (formal/informal, local/regional, public transport/land use) reveals how informal institutions help regional and local authorities to negotiate the constraints of formal, statutory institutions and help to “oil the wheels” of delivering measures and policies that make public transport work as a well-functioning system. However, informal institutions clearly have their limits, in the paper exemplified by the remaining challenges to integrate regional public transport and local land use planning. An identified challenge is that, by their very nature, informal institutions are difficult to influence or modify, therefore relying on them to fill gaps in formal institutional responsibilities may be a risky strategy when unpopular decisions are made.     

惩罚与社会合作——基于实验经济学的讨论

如何有效解决社会合作困境的搭便车难题？现实提供了两种治理思路:政府治理视角的正式惩罚制度和自愿合作视角的非正式惩罚制度.本文通过讨论实验经济学研究正式惩罚或非正式惩罚制度在不同情形下的社会合作效果,发现正式惩罚制度最具治理优势,而各种不同的非正式惩罚制度往往具有自我维系功能,可以有效促进合作.本文也探讨了可进一步扩展研究的实验议题.     

The Impact of Relation-Specific Investments on Channel Performance: Focusing on Mediators

This study investigates the mediating mechanisms through which relation-specific investments (RSIs) can contribute to channel performance in China. We distinguish between property-based RSIs and knowledge-based RSIs and propose that these two types of RSIs rely on different governance mechanisms to impact channel performance. Specifically, although property-based RSIs prompt the drafting and utilization of formal contracts, they promote channel performance through relationship communication. In contrast, knowledge-based RSIs enhance relational trust and relationship communication, which can increase the profitability of the channel relationship. However, both types of RSIs can enhance channel performance directly. Our study shows that relationship communication plays an important role in strengthening the effects of governance mechanisms for both types of RSIs in China. In addition, relational governance mechanisms have greater effects than formal contracts on channel performance. These results enrich our understanding of RSIs in the emerging market.     

城乡正规金融资本错配与城乡一体化

城乡正规金融资本错配严重制约城乡发展一体化.城乡正规金融资本错配的主要表现为农村正规金融机构信贷资金供给错配、农户从正规金融机构获取贷款较难以及农村金融总体发展水平与城市相比存在较大差异.政府干预、金融机构追求利润最大化以及农户政治经济弱势是导致城乡正规金融资本错配主要原因.而坚持促进农村经济发展的政策导向,加强外部金融监管,加强正规金融机构开展农村业务的引导,大力完善农村金融环境,加强农民组织化建设,完善三权抵押融资等将有助于缓解城乡正规金融资本错配,助推城乡发展一体化.     

经济学方法论中的形式理性与辩证理性

西方经济学方法论研究中存在形式理性与辩证理性的分裂,这种裂痕分别反映在马克思主义政治经济学与西方经济学方法论的研究传统的认识论层面和实践论层面上。马克思主义辩证哲学理论必将在修复这一裂痕中发挥更大的作用。     

Teaching Nash Equilibrium and Dominance: A Classroom Experiment on the Beauty Contest

Abstract: The authors' aim in this article was to show how the use of classroom experiments may be a good pedagogical tool to teach the Nash equilibrium (NE) concept. The basic game is a version of the beauty contest game (BCG), a simple guessing game in which repetition lets students react to other players' choices and converge iteratively to the equilibrium solution. The authors perform this experiment with undergraduate students with no previous training in game theory. After four rounds, they observe a clear decreasing tendency in the average submitted number in all groups. Thus, the findings show that by playing a repeated BCG, students quickly learn how to reach the NE solution.     

美来源于现实——评济慈《秋颂》

批评界长期以来对约翰·济慈的研究主要是围绕其诗歌的艺术成就和审美观 ,忽略了济慈诗歌中的美与现实的密切关系。以《秋颂》为例 ,他是通过对艺术和美的追求、崇尚来表达他对当时英国现实的痛恨和不满 ,并以此来对抗邪恶 ,升华现实生活。从某种意义上来说 ,济慈诗歌之美的源头还是现实。