Computer Aided Education

The computer is a tool to be used in the service of people and now more and more people are using computers throughout the world. The evolution of semiconductor technology in the 1960s, laid the foundation for the development of personal computers. The advent of personal computers has revolutionized the application of computers in science, engineering and business. The computer like other products of man's ingenuity, can be of benefit to education. Educational institutions from primary school to universities use personal computers to teach writing, reading, arithmetic, art, science, mathematics, music, history, geography, economics, business, architecture and engineering. As in most counties, computers are also used to improve education in schools in Turkey. The education system in Turkey in the secondary schools has more or less the same problems most developing countries face. There is a great expansion in numbers of pupils at all levels, resources available for education are very limited and effective teaching is hampered by the quality of instructional material and textbooks. The concept of enhancing the quality of both teaching and learning through new information technologies has been the main goal and policy of the Ministry of Education in Turkey and has been tackled in a serious manner. In this paper the present education system in the secondary schools in Turkey is explained and how computers can be implemented in Turkish secondary school education and strategies to be followed are discussed.     

Greenfield Investments or Acquisitions: Impacts of Institutional Distance on Establishment Mode Choice of Multinational Enterprises in Emerging Economies

ABSTRACT

The authors analyze the impacts of formal and informal institutional distance on establishment mode choice of multinational enterprises (MNEs) using a sample of 343 foreign direct investments (FDIs) made in selected emerging economies of Central and Eastern Europe, Asia, and Latin America by the Finnish MNEs. This study contributes to conceptualization and operationalization of institutional distance as well as its application in international business studies. The empirical analysis revealed that high informal institutional distance results in preference of greenfield investments by the Finnish MNEs as the authors hypothesized. However, the authors also found that high formal institutional distance results in preference of acquisitions, which is opposite the study hypothesis as well as the findings of previous studies addressing similar issues.     

On the role of personal relationships for doing business in the Greater Pearl River Delta,China

This article investigates the role of personal relationships for doing business in the Greater Pearl River Delta, China (GPRD). First, it discusses the interplay of formal and informal (relationship-based) institutions based on institutional economics. Second, it describes the institutional environment for doing business in China, and in the GPRD in particular. Third, it uses data obtained from a survey among executives of Hong Kong electronics SMEs with business operations in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) to gain insights into their perceptions of the importance and the motives of using personal relationships for business in PRD in general, and on the impact of personal relationships on location and partner decisions for companies' production as well as innovation activities, in particular. The results confirm the importance of personal relationships for doing business in the GPRD and suggest that companies rely on personal relationships for business not only for cultural reasons but also to cope with deficient legal and political institutions.     

卢梭政府理论的合法性论证——《社会契约论》卷三简释

卢梭的政府理论是我们思考现代民主政治的重要参考,这首先需要我们去理解卢梭论证政府的理路。贴近阅读卢梭《社会契约论》卷三,以其为线索可以区分出政府的形式合法性和实质合法性论证两方面。就形式合法性而言,政府是人民和法律的执行代理人;就实质合法性言之,自由政府才是合法统治的部分。同时,这种区分也是理解卢梭政府比例等式——主权者∶政府=政府:臣民的一个进路。卢梭政府理论的合法性论证,对我国建设法治型政府具有一定的参考意义。     

汽车漆面美容中的珍珠漆调色浅析

文章详细介绍了汽车漆面美容中的珍珠漆调色过程,针对具体的工序采用不同调色方法,科学规范地给出了三工序珍珠漆调色过程。     

论舞剧《鱼美人》与芭蕾“本土化”

舞剧《鱼美人》是一部对于中国芭蕾发展史来说意义非常的作品,在推动中国芭蕾"本土化"的进程中有着不可估量的作用。站在今天的角度重新审视,对该舞剧从思想特色和艺术特色两方面进行了较全面的分析。总结出其体现中华文化内涵和在"民族化"指导下的创新两个思想特色,以及对芭蕾舞剧结构的充分借鉴、充分利用中国丰富的传统舞蹈资源、体现中国民族传统审美的丰富色彩、发掘了中国芭蕾舞剧中的"代表性"舞蹈、创作了中西融合的舞剧音乐五点艺术特色。     

A panel data analysis of the formal-informal sector labour market linkages in South Africa

This study explores the labour market linkages between the informal and formal sectors, using the first four waves of the National Income Dynamics Study data. The main focus is on three groups of employed: worked in the formal sector in all waves; worked in the informal sector in all waves; moved between the two sectors across the waves. Only 27% of informal sector workers in wave 1 transitioned to the formal sector in wave 4; 38% remained in the informal sector while 33% had their status changed to either inactive or unemployed. The econometric analysis indicates that older and more educated individuals living in urban areas and coming from households with fewer old-age grant recipients are significantly more likely to work in the formal sector, whereas more educated white males are associated with a significantly greater likelihood of transitioning from informal to formal sector employment.     

Keeping abreast of technology-driven business model evolution: a dynamic patent analysis approach

All firms that depend on technology for their competitive positions recognise that keeping abreast of technology-driven business model evolution is of vital importance. However, previous studies cannot offer a concrete way of profiling trends owing to the lack of quantitative data and systematic processes. We propose a dynamic patent analysis that can identify complex relationships among business method patents and visualise trends in technology-driven business model evolution. At the heart of the suggested approach is morphological analysis (MA) for structuring different types of business models at a technological attribute level and modified formal concept analysis (FCA) for investigating technological changes in business models over time. A case study of business method patents concerning electronic shopping is presented to show the feasibility of the proposed approach. We believe our method can promote consensus-building on up-to-date trends in technology-driven business model evolution, serving as a starting point for a more general model.     

Curbing domestic violence: instantiating C–K theory with formal concept analysis and emergent self-organizing maps

We propose a human-centred process for knowledge discovery from unstructured text that makes use of formal concept analysis and emergent self-organizing maps. The knowledge discovery process is conceptualized and interpreted as successive iterations through the concept–knowledge (C–K) theory design square. To illustrate its effectiveness, we report on a real-life case study of using the process at the Amsterdam–Amstelland police in the Netherlands aimed at distilling concepts to identify domestic violence from the unstructured text in actual police reports. The case study allows us to show how the process was not only able to uncover the nature of a phenomenon such as domestic violence, but also enabled analysts to identify many types of anomaly in the practice of policing. We will illustrate how the insights obtained from this exercise resulted in major improvements in the management of domestic violence cases. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

企业思想政治工作要坚持“真”“善”“美”的原则

企业思想政治工作的过程，就是培养员工追求真、善、美人生修养境界的过程。因此，当前企业思想政治工作要坚持真、善、美的原则。