Producing Localized Commodity Frontiers at the End of Cheap Nature: An Analysis of Eco‐scalar Carbon Fixes and their Consequences

There is no single ‘great’ commodity frontier whose exploitation under current socio‐technical conditions could fuel capital accumulation at the global scale. According to Jason Moore, this represents the ‘end of Cheap Nature’ and signals a terminal crisis for capitalism as we know it. In this article we complicate this assertion by showing how, in the context of global environmental governance frameworks of carbon control, a diverse range of actors situated at multiple scales are intensifying the use of cities and their hinterlands for the production/transgression of localized commodity frontiers. We draw on scholarship on uneven geographical development, state‐led restructuring and eco‐scalar fixes to present two case studies from different segments of the carbon cycle in the global South. The first case demonstrates how the introduction of waste‐to‐energy technology in Delhi facilitated the generation of ‘carbon credits’ while waste matter itself became a commodity. The second discusses attempts by the Brazilian state of Amazonas (Amazônia) aspiring to shift from rainforest exploitation to financialized conservation supported by the ‘green global city’ functions of metropolitan Manaus. These cases demonstrate that although the global carbon‐control regime may enable accumulation, implementation remains speculative, and localized commodity frontiers provoke social resistances that jeopardize their durability.     

再论加快我国行政区划体制的改革与创新

新时期,我国的政府职能转变、交通通讯技术以及城市化加速发展使行政区划管理的基础条件发生了变化,同时提供了改革创新的新动力。因此,我们必须思考加快我国行政区划体制的改革与创新。     

谈数控机床故障诊断与维修教学的几点体会

数控机床故障诊断与维修课程是培养数控技术实用型人才的一门重要专业课,它的教学效果直接影响到数控技术人才的培养规格和质量。本文结合自己从事数控机床故障诊断与维修的教学及工作经验,介绍在数控机床故障诊断与维修教学中的一些方法和体会。     

饭店行业业态内涵及创新路径选择探析

目前,关于＂业态＂的研究对象主要为零售业,但总体界定还比较笼统模糊,饭店＂业态＂也是近年被关注的热点问题之一,因而有必要进行深入研究。通过归纳和规范研究方法,主要探究了饭店行业业态内涵及主要构成要素维度。界定＂饭店行业业态＂为：饭店投资与经营者关于具体经营场所经营战略的总和。饭店行业业态要素可以分为5个主要维度：即,饭店产品组合形态、饭店场所空间形态、饭店组织形态、饭店聚集形态、饭店产品自身特征形态及21个主要构成要素。也进一步提出了饭店行业业态创新路径,其中饭店业态创新动因主要为外部环境、饭店行业内部竞争、饭店行业企业自身发展要求及其他行业的多元化拓展要求4个维度。     

论民营高新科技企业发展的制度创新

民营高新科技企业，在改革开放以来迅速发展，已成为我国技术创新和高新技术产业化领域的一支重要的新生力量。但从其独特的发展历程和实践情境来看，民营高新科技企业也还存在很多不利于发展的障碍因素，亟需解决。实践证明，把民营高新科技企业发展置于区域创新体系框架中，有利于为其提供良好的政策、制度支持。为此，必须大力推进制度创新。     

弘扬创新精神 实现跨越发展——上海商业职业技术学院精神文明建设创新的实践

上海商职院坚持创新领导观念,抢抓发展机遇;坚持创新培养措施,提升教师素质;坚持创新管理制度,凝聚发展能量,推动学院办学条件根本改变、办学规模迅速扩展、办学特色日益鲜明、办学质量和效益稳步提高、文明程度显著增强,荣获上海市“文明单位”称号。     

Model uncertainty and asset return predictability: an application of Bayesian model averaging

We investigate model uncertainty associated with predictive regressions employed in asset return forecasting research. We use simple combination and Bayesian model averaging (BMA) techniques to compare the performance of these forecasting approaches in short-vs. long-run horizons of S&P500 monthly excess returns. Simple averaging involves an equally-weighted averaging of the forecasts from alternative combinations of factors used in the predictive regressions, whereas BMA involves computing the predictive probability that each model is the true model and uses these predictive probabilities as weights in combing the forecasts from different models. From a given set of multiple factors, we evaluate all possible pricing models to the extent, which they describe the data as dictated by the posterior model probabilities. We find that, while simple averaging compares quite favorably to forecasts derived from a random walk model with drift (using a 10-year out-of-sample iterative period), BMA outperforms simple averaging in longer compared to shorter forecast horizons. Moreover, we find further evidence of the latter when the predictive Bayesian model includes shorter, rather than longer lags of the predictive factors. An interesting outcome of this study tends to illustrate the power of BMA in suppressing model uncertainty through model as well as parameter shrinkage, especially when applied to longer predictive horizons.     

基于引力模型的省域创新产出空间联系研究

基于引力模型,结合社会网络分析法的凝聚子群分析,对31个省（区、市）的创新产出空间联系进行探究,研究发现：我国省域创新产出空间联系主要集中于京津冀和长三角一带,呈现出严重的分布不均状况,具有较强的区域集中性和空间依赖性;北京、天津、上海、浙江、江苏作为区域创新产出引力较强的节点省（区、市）,对周边区域的创新产出具有较强的辐射作用;总体来看,省域创新产出空间联系并没有形成贯穿东西南北的交叉网状结构,中心省（区、市）数量较少且分布不均,辐射范围有限。基于此,提出加大区域创新投入、减少区域创新产出联系的政策性障碍、营造区域创新产出联系的良好环境等政策建议。     

国家审计与国家监察服务腐败治理的路径探索——基于协同视角的思考

随着国家监察体制改革的全面推进,国家监督系统焕发新的生机。国家审计与国家监察作为国家监督系统的重要组成部分,理应充分发挥监督职能以保证国家可持续发展。从国家监察体制改革特点入手,基于受托经济责任观,全面分析国家审计及国家监察分别与腐败治理的相关关系,并以腐败治理为核心,从战略层面、管理层面和结果层面三个层面探求国家审计与国家监察的耦合路径,使两者通过有效耦合路径将监督协同效应发挥到极致,进而保证政府公共受托经济责任全面有效地履行。     

Performance evaluation of China's high-tech innovation process: Analysis based on the innovation value chain

The Chinese high-tech industry has developed greatly since the beginning of China's “National High-tech R&D (863) Program” and “China Torch Program”. This paper introduces a conceptual model extended from the innovation value chain model to simultaneously estimate the R&D and commercialization efficiencies for the high-tech industries of 29 provincial-level regions in China. To match reality, a network DEA incorporating both shared inputs and additional intermediate inputs is constructed to open the “black box” view of decision making units used in single-stage DEA. This study is the first attempt to link the R&D and commercialization with a solid theoretical foundation and feasible mathematical methods. The empirical findings show that most of the 29 regions have low efficiency in the commercialization sub-process compared to the R&D sub-process, although there are regional differences in China's high-tech industry. Pearson correlation shows that the R&D sub-process is not closely correlated to the commercialization sub-process in terms of efficiency. Our analysis can provide information for the formulation of policies to achieve high innovation efficiency.