Local Area Inequality and Worker Well-Being

This paper uses General Social Survey data linked to Census data to investigate the effect of local area income and income inequality on worker well-being. Others have found a robust negative correlation between reference group income and self-reported well-being. However, in many cases the reference group is defined as a large geographic area. This paper adds to the literature in two ways. First, it considers multiple nested geographic reference groups with US data. Second, it explicitly considers income inequality in addition to the level of income. It is found that both income and income inequality are positively associated with well-being at the census tract level, but negatively associated at the county level. Further, the effect of inequality on well-being decreases as income increases at the census tract and county level, while it increases at the state level.     

Hicks's Valuation of Social income: an appraisal *

This paper attempts to reconstruct and assess the intellectual itinerary of Hicks on the valuation of social income. His 1958 and 1981 papers on that topic have been wholly ignored in the economic literature. In both of them differentmeasures of real income are provided. These show to what extenteach one of them can be relied upon. Our assessment argues that it is impossible to measure social income independentlyof the reasons for which that measure is required and that any valuation cannot ultimatelybe made independently of political and ethical considerations.     

湖北省农村正规金融服务与农户收入关系分析

通过对湖北省农村正规金融机构农村存贷款和资金来源情况的描述性分析,判定各农村正规金融机构在支农服务中的地位。拟合农户收入的C—D函数,在农户收入函数框架下分析农村正规金融服务与农户收入的关系。数量分析表明,湖北省正规金融机构为农户提供的服务不尽如人意。农村金融机构只有不断缩短与农民的距离,为其提供适合的农村金融产品,增加对农户的贷款比例,才能有助于农民收入水平的提高。     

A general endogenous grid method for multi-dimensional models with non-convexities and constraints

The endogenous grid method (EGM) significantly speeds up the solution of stochastic dynamic programming problems by simplifying or completely eliminating root-finding. We propose a general and parsimonious EGM extended to handle (1) multiple continuous states and choices, (2) multiple occasionally binding constraints, and (3) non-convexities such as discrete choices. Our method enjoys the speed gains of the original one-dimensional EGM, while avoiding expensive interpolation on multi-dimensional irregular endogenous grids. We explicitly define a broad class of models for which our solution method is applicable, and illustrate its speed and accuracy using a consumption–saving model with both liquid assets and illiquid pension assets and a discrete retirement choice.     

基于信息熵理论的我国保费收入结构研究

本文将信息熵理论引入我国主要保险的保费收入结构研究中,通过计算不同险种保费收入的结构熵,比较分析了当前保费收入结构的差异性.同时,运用均衡度指标描述了总体结构受单一业务收入的支配程度,并针对我国当前四类主要保险业务(财产险、寿险、健康险、人身意外伤害险),分别给出了收入比例的调整方向.     

基础养老金统筹层次的收入再分配效应

推动基本养老保险由省级统筹向全国统筹过渡是我国现阶段社会保障制度改革的重心,对于实现经济的公平高效发展具有重要意义。为此,选取2006—2017年全国31个地区的面板数据,以基础养老金省级统筹过渡到全国统筹后,不同地区及不同收入群体间的收入再分配效应为研究对象,从统支视域出发,采用渐进式计发办法预测2041年统筹层次提升后,各地区不同收入群体的基础养老金待遇水平,并结合泰尔指数和离散系数进行比较静态分析,结果发现：养老金统筹层次提升存在着显著的收入再分配效应,但各地区养老金待遇差距与其经济发展水平并无必然联系。     

武汉城市圈农民人均年纯收入差距研究

文章利用2000～2007年间武汉城市圈9城市历年统计年鉴的数据,对该城市圈各城市间农民人均年纯收入差距的演变,分别从绝对差距、相对差距、倒U型假说以及收敛性等角度,进行了全方位的详细分析。结果显示:绝对差距逐年扩大,而相对差距总体是缩小的,尽管期间扩大和缩小交替出现;库兹涅茨倒U型通过检验;δ-收敛和绝对β-收敛都通过了检验,证明了收敛性的存在;通过控制影响农民人均年纯收入差距的经济结构差异变量后,条件β-收敛显著存在,一产比重与收入的增长负相关,而二产比重则相反。     

流转税收入分配调节功能初探

流转税不仅是筹集财政收入的重要手段,而且还具有一定的收入分配调节功能。近几年来我国税收不断超收,流转税作为我国的主体税种在组织财政收入方面的作用发挥的比较好,但其在调节收入分配方面的作用却表现不足,导致流转税调节收入分配乏力的主要原因是现行的流转税设计存在一些问题,因此只有改革和完善现行流转税制,才能更好地发挥流转税的收入分配调节功能。     

农业劳动日工价对农民收入水平影响的实证研究——基于协整和向量自回归模型

选取1978年-2008年全国农业劳动日工价和农民人均纯收入的时间序列数据,通过基于VAR模型的协整分析、脉冲响应分析和方差分解的有机结合进行研究,发现两序列间存在长期均衡。对标准化协整方程和误差校正模型的分析表明,抽样区间的农民人均纯收入增长对农业劳动日工价形成了长期的、稳定的依赖,且后者是前者的格兰杰原因。脉冲响应分析和方差分解均显示,来自劳动日工价在过去三十年内对农民人均纯收入产生了持续性的贡献。实证结果表明,农业劳动日工价与农民人均纯收入具有长期稳定的关系,需要逐步提高偏低的农业劳动日工价。     

基于税基差异分析的企业所得税与会计制度协调与对策

所得税法与会计制度的差异是由税法目标与会计目标的分离所决定的,比较、分析、研究二者间的差异亦具有十分重要的意义。本文从理论上归纳出会计制度与企业所得税法间的差异,探讨了企业所得税及其与会计制度差异存在的问题,并对所得税改革与会计制度协调提出政策性建议。