经济全球化、中国收入分配与“人口红利陷阱”

文章从经济全球化影响中国收入分配的各个层面入手,通过数理推导和实证分析探讨了贸易全球化、生产与投资的全球化、金融深化、科技进步、教育水平等对中国国内收入分配的影响。结果发现,贸易全球化短期内会加剧中国的收入差距,原因可归结为人口红利陷阱,但长期内将有助于缩小中国的收入差距;生产与投资的全球化也会扩大收入差距,而金融发展与深化对中国收入分配差距的影响最大;技术进步、受教育程度提高和劳动力由低阶部门向高阶部门的转移则能在一定程度上缓解收入差距过大。     

安徽省城乡居民收入与消费关系的协整分析

本文运用协整和误差修正模型,以安徽省1984—2006年的统计资料为样本,构建了城乡居民长短期的收入与消费模型,对城乡居民收入与消费之间的关系进行了分析。结果表明：安徽城乡居民的收入和消费之间各自存在着长期的均衡关系,在人均消费的层面上,城镇居民对于消费增长的支持大于农村居民,农村居民的消费需求还有待提高。     

Daily income target effects: Evidence from a large sample of professional commodities traders

We provide evidence of rational reference-dependent preferences in the proprietary trading of professional traders. We find increased trading effort and risk taking by traders following morning losses. Further analysis provides no evidence of a deterioration in trading performance subsequent to losses, as neither risk-adjusted performance nor trade execution appear to be negatively affected by prior losses. The evidence supports the existence of rational reference-dependent preferences in the form of trader daily income targets: these professional traders exhibit increased work effort subsequent to abnormal morning losses. The evidence is inconsistent with the alternative explanation of costly loss aversion.     

比较分析扩大内需措施

消费是生产的惟一目的,扩大内需是我国经济发展长期基本立足点。文章认为扩大内需首要任务是扩大居民消费,以此为出发点,分析了制约我国居民消费的瓶颈因素,并相应评析了常用扩大内需措施,发现很多措施不利于长期经济健康发展。因此,我国应改变扩大内需的方式,以更宽阔的眼光寻求扩大内需的有效措施,确保国民经济又好又快发展。     

消费对经济增长的拉动作用研究——基于城乡消费结构的比较

消费是一个国家经济增长的源动力,是公民福利增加的源泉,如何发挥消费对经济的拉动作用已成为学术界研究的热点问题。基于城乡消费结构比较的视角,就消费对经济的拉动作用以及我国城乡居民消费结构的差异进行了研究,结果显示：消费对经济增长具有积极的拉动作用;居民收入水平较低、收入水平差距较大是我国城乡居民消费对经济增长拉动作用较小的重要原因;我国城乡居民的消费结构存在差别,主要原因在于城乡收入水平的差别,持续强劲的居民消费需要以居民的收入持续增加为基础。为此,应从提高居民收入水平、减小城乡居民收入差距、建立完善的医疗保障体系、合理的消费引导等方面来改善城乡居民的消费结构,以真正发挥消费对经济增长的促进作用。     

Local Area Inequality and Worker Well-Being

This paper uses General Social Survey data linked to Census data to investigate the effect of local area income and income inequality on worker well-being. Others have found a robust negative correlation between reference group income and self-reported well-being. However, in many cases the reference group is defined as a large geographic area. This paper adds to the literature in two ways. First, it considers multiple nested geographic reference groups with US data. Second, it explicitly considers income inequality in addition to the level of income. It is found that both income and income inequality are positively associated with well-being at the census tract level, but negatively associated at the county level. Further, the effect of inequality on well-being decreases as income increases at the census tract and county level, while it increases at the state level.     

Hicks's Valuation of Social income: an appraisal *

This paper attempts to reconstruct and assess the intellectual itinerary of Hicks on the valuation of social income. His 1958 and 1981 papers on that topic have been wholly ignored in the economic literature. In both of them differentmeasures of real income are provided. These show to what extenteach one of them can be relied upon. Our assessment argues that it is impossible to measure social income independentlyof the reasons for which that measure is required and that any valuation cannot ultimatelybe made independently of political and ethical considerations.     

Do Education and Income Really Explain Inequalities in Health? Applying a Twin Design

We apply a twin design to examine the relationship between health and education and income. The estimated associations between health and education and income, controlling for unobserved endowments, at the twin‐pair level, are lower than estimates obtained via ordinary least‐squares (OLS) on the same sample. Thus, OLS‐based effects of education and income are biased, exaggerating the contribution of education and income to health inequality. The main part of health inequality is explained by within‐twin‐pair fixed effects, incorporating family background and genetic inheritance. It appears that education and income policies have less to offer for reducing health inequality than is usually assumed.     

中国居民物质性消费与收入关系及其空间特征

对1993年起中国开始步入过剩经济时代进行了实证分析，给出了沿海与内地城镇及农村居民物质性消费与收入的恩格尔函数及其特征；在收入－消费关系空间特征分析的基础上，指出居民消费倾向内地高于沿海，内地城镇高于农村。最后从居民物质性消费与收入关系及空间特征角度讨论了现阶段加速中西部地区发展的必要性与合理性。     

云南城乡收入差距及制度原因分析

云南省社会经济发展自改革开放后非常迅速,但是由于云南边疆多民族地区的现实情况,两级发展矛盾突出,城市和农村之间的差距也在日益拉大。城乡二元结构十分突出,城乡之间二元分割严重,城乡差别持续扩大,已经造成云南城乡关系的紧张和失衡。就此,通过对云南城乡收入差距的分析,从制度层面剖析云南城乡收入失衡的原因。