黑龙江省发展现代化大农业的理论思考

在今后一定时期,发展现代化大农业是黑龙江省农业和农村经济发展的主题和战略任务。现代化大农业首先是现代农业,其次是具有“大”字特征的现代农业,其中“大规模”是发展现代化大农业的物质基础,“大组织”是其经营主体,“大农机”是生产工具,“大科技”是生产手段,“大服务”是保障体系,“大市场”是支撑条件,“大产业”是实现形式和发展理念,“大产出”是发展目标和必然结果。     

基于分形理论的旅游景区系统结构分析与优化--以大连市为例

本文以大连市国家旅游景区为研究对象,运用分形理论对旅游景区系统的规模结构和空间结构进行复合研究,结果发现其系统规模结构具有分形特征,呈二元化趋势,各景区间旅游吸引力不平衡;系统空间结构具有分形的特征,旅游开发空间布局不平衡。     

Development and validation of the Customer-Centered Behavior measure

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a new measure of customer service job performance – the Customer-Centered Behavior (CCB) measure. The CCB measure draws on the content of over 15 existing measures, but captures in-role service performance focused on customer interactions in a multidimensional framework. Three studies were conducted to develop and validate the new measure. Study 1 addresses the item generation process and examines the initial factor structure. Results demonstrate that service behaviors are best represented as a second-order construct composed of three first-order factors – assurance, responsiveness, and recommendation behaviors. Study 2 confirms the factor structure and provides evidence for the measure's predictive validity. Finally, Study 3 provides evidence for incremental validity above other service performance measures.     

Counterfeit proneness: Conceptualisation and scale development

Abstract

Counterfeiting is one of the fastest-growing industries in the world across a wide range of product categories, including music, movies, food, computer software, pharmaceuticals, fertilisers, and machinery parts. Prior research focuses on deceptive counterfeiting in which the consumers are not aware about buying counterfeit products, with little attention to non-deceptive counterfeiting in which consumers knowingly purchase counterfeit products. Most of this research is fragmented and exploratory in nature, resulting in mixed or inconclusive findings that leave many important questions unanswered. For example, it is still not clear why some customers are more prone to buying counterfeit products compared to others. We address this important gap by conceptualising counterfeit proneness (CFP), an individual-level psychological trait that relates closely with counterfeit purchase behaviour. We also develop a scale to measure this trait and validate it through a series of empirical studies. Finally, we discuss some limitations of our approach and directions for future research.     

A macroeconomics perspective on international coordination in sales taxes

This article investigates how international coordination vis-à-vis sales tax policies affects the welfare of participating countries. A country's tax policies have asymmetric effects on the pricing behaviors of domestic and overseas producers. International cooperation endogenizes the externality that improves the purchasing power of foreign residents, but at the cost of its own residents’ work efforts. The first-best taxes are lower than in the noncooperative case. When world welfare is utilitarian, smaller economies may experience welfare losses from cooperation under the weak income effect of sales tax. We propose a coordinated tax rule that all countries agree to employ.     

Reciprocal dumping and trade policy

This paper examines some aspects of trade intervention in a ‘reciprocal dumping’ framework of international trade. It is shown, in the presence of increasing returns to scale, that certain conventional wisdom regarding the effect of trade policies need not hold true.     

Alumni Orientation: Development of the Construct

The aim of this article is to conceptualize and empirically examine the constructs that constitute the concept of Alumni Orientation (AO). Using a discovery-oriented approach, conducted by supplementing educational and marketing literatures with in-depth interviews from 22 alumni personnel in six different UK universities, the author identified three second-order formative constructs and three first-order reflective constructs to measure the concept of AO. The study then developed a self-administrated survey to validate the six identified constructs that form AO. Through using rigorous statistical analysis, the study confirms that the measurement instrument for AO is the 48 items that can be validly and reliably measured using the nine multi-item components of: Case for Support; Alumni Database Management; Social Media Management; Financing Event Management; Financing Publication Management; Promoting Best Practices of Event Management; Promoting Best Practices of Publication Management; Intrafunctional Coordination; and Interfunctional Coordination.     

大比例尺土地变更调查引发的思考

针对当前大比例尺土地变更调查工作强度大、效率低、人工操作复杂的问题,采用个案研究和定性分析的方法,分析了土地变更调查的主要调查内容和影响大比例尺土地变更调查工作效率的关键环节;提出了对大比例尺土地变更调查地区可通过关联业务来控制日常用地管理信息的测绘精度,从而避免由测绘限差引起的影响土地变更调查效率的缝隙和碎面问题;国土资源管理部门应加强对变更软件开发的指导,从而有效降低由于技术与管理脱节而增加的变更工作量。     

The Ghana Grains Partnership

A surge in international food prices that began in 2008 led to a variety of responses from African governments, ranging from price controls, trade restrictions and food security stocks, to facilitating longer-term increase in supply-side increases in production. In Ghana, the objectives emphasized broad-based, pro-poor agricultural growth, expansion of high-value cash crops and improved production of food crops. A hybrid of crop rotation plus addition of external inputs of fertilizers in a modern intensified farming regime was seen as a way forward. The Ghana Grains Partnership (GGP) was underpinned by this assumption, addressing a national shortfall in maize through a coordinated and market-led value chain development approach. The Partnership was initially made up of international and national agribusinesses, an agricultural development fund, farmers and farmer associations and a commercial bank and coordinated by Prorustica. The GGP adopted innovative approaches such as the coordination of commercial and non-commercial objectives. The focus on complete agricultural value chains provided a holistic approach to meet the needs of farmers for agricultural inputs and finance and addressed constraints to more effective commodity output markets. The Partnership's basic principles included the setting up of a farmers' grain association with the partners sharing the costs, benefits and risks.     

农牧户兼业、规模异质与生产技术效率变化*——基于5省452户细毛羊养殖户的实证研究

［目的］利用5省452户细毛羊养殖户调研数据,分析规模异质下农牧户兼业化对细毛羊生产技术效率的影响。［方法］文章采用SBM模型和Tobit模型分别测算了农牧户细毛羊生产技术效率及不同规模下兼业化对生产技术效率的影响。［结果］（1）在其他条件不变的情况下,兼业化会显著促进农牧户生产技术效率的提升,且非农兼业程度越强对细毛羊生产技术效率的正向影响作用越大。（2）分规模来看,农业兼业形式对散养户、中规模和大规模养殖户生产技术效率具有负向影响,对小规模养殖户生产技术效率具有正向影响,但影响均不显著; 由于非农兼业形式在散养户和大规模养殖户中所带来的“劳动力流失效应”与“收入投资效应”的强度的不同,对散养户生产技术效率具有显著的负向影响,对大规模养殖户生产技术效率具有显著的正向影响。（3）受教育程度、养殖年限、养殖方式、是否接受技术培训均对养殖户总体生产技术效率具有显著的正向影响,年龄变量对养殖户总体生产技术效率具有显著的负向影响。［结论］应全面推进细毛羊标准化规模养殖进程,加大细毛羊养殖技术培训的开展与推广,加强对养殖专业合作社的法律宣传和政策引导,完善国家层面的畜牧养殖的扶持政策。