Reducing agency conflicts through bank dividend payout decisions: the role of opacity and ownership structure

We empirically examine whether banks’ dividend decisions are influenced by their degree of opacity and ownership structure. We find that banks with concentrated ownership structure pay lower dividends when they have high degrees of opacity, in line with the hypothesis that majority shareholders pay lower dividends to extract higher levels of private benefits. We do not observe such expropriation behaviour from managers in widely held banks. Further analysis shows that higher levels of shareholder protection and stronger supervisory regimes help to constrain opportunistic behaviour of majority shareholders. Our findings have critical policy implications for the Basel 3 implementation of restrictions on dividend payouts.     

零股利不能带来公司与高管的双赢——来自中国上市公司的证据

以2007年中国上市公司中零股利政策的公司为样本,考察零股利①状态下高管薪酬与公司价值之间的关系,结果发现：公司价值对高管薪酬有显著的负影响,公司当期业绩对高管薪酬有正影响但不显著,与激励理论并不相符;同时,零股利公司高管薪酬与公司的规模和持续零股利的时间没有显著性相关,与管理费用的增加水平呈同向变动但统计上没有显著性意义,而与现金持有水平高度显著性相关。研究表明：零股利公司高管与公司价值之间没有达到双赢,存在高管为了最大化个人利益而损害公司价值的可能;零股利政策下的现金流并非完全是为了进行有ft．1项目的再投资;零股利公司的高管薪酬政策,对高管来说安全性太高,而风险激励不足,存在激励不相容。     

公司治理与股利政策

以2004年至2007年沪深两地上市公司作为研究样本,探讨产品市场竞争程度在上市公司股利政策中的治理效应,可以说明,上市公司行业竞争对公司财务决策有益,也有益于资本市场健康、有序地发展。这一探讨可为提高我国市场竞争的公司治理效应提供参考经验。     

我国物业税开征的必要性及难点应对策略

"物业税"一词最早在我国被正式提出是在中国共产党十六届三中全会上通过的《中共中央关于完市场经济体制若干问题的决定》之中。该文件明确提出了:"实施城镇化建设税费改革,条件具备时对不动产开征统一规范的物业税,相应取消有关收费"。目前,世界上大多数成熟的市场经济国家都对房地产征收物业税,并以财产的持有作为课税前提、以财产的价值为计税依据,而在我国,物业税仍主要停留于理论层面,只在几个试点城市空转运行,关于物业税开征的利弊争论一直存在,是否开征物业税以及如何征收都是尚待解决的难题。     

中国社会保障发展水平指标体系与实证分析

社会保障发展水平的评价指标体系包括:社会保障对社会问题的覆盖程度、社会保障对社会成员的覆盖程度以及社会保障转移支付水平。本文从这三个指标出发对我国社会保障发展水平进行综合分析。研究发现,我国社会救助和社会福利对社会问题的覆盖程度还不高,城镇劳动者的社会保障制度参保水平较低,部分群体社会保障制度缺失,我国社会保障总体支出水平较低,城乡社会保障制度中二元社会保障转移支付特点明显。这使得我国社会保障发展水平还处于制度完善阶段。因此,扩大社会保障制度的覆盖人群应是未来社会保障制度建设的主要任务。     

Cost Savings from Check 21 Electronic Payment Legislation

Electronic payment legislation permitted an initially paper substitute digital image of a check, and later the electronic digital image of a check, to be processed and presented for payment on a same‐day basis. By shifting to electronic collection and presentment, Federal Reserve per item check processing costs fell by over 70%, reducing estimated overall U.S. payment system costs by $1.16 billion in 2010. Payment collection times and associated float fell dramatically for collecting banks and payees with consequent additional savings in firm working capital costs of perhaps $1.37 billion and indebted consumer benefits of $0.64 billion.     

2013年中国A股市场分析

本文分析了2013年影响中国A股市场的主要因素。2013年影响A股市场的主要因素有：一、宏观经济短期企稳,上市公司盈利改善;二、改革预期带来的风险偏好上升;三、中国经济转型带来的压力。经济短期企稳、上市公司盈利改善以及对改革的良好预期将有助于提升市场信心,从而推动Ａ股市场估值水平回升。但中长期来看,受制于中国经济的转型压力,改革的力度和效果仍有待观察,Ａ股市场反弹高度受到限制。2013年Ａ股市场面临两个主要风险：一是通货膨胀涨幅超预期;二是日本经济政策效果有待观察。     

Money: communicative functions of payment and price

ABSTRACT

Money is rich in semiotic potential and its capacity to express social identity and collectivity is well established. This essay explores a range of communicative functions of money, focusing in particular on the ways in which payments and prices may serve as cultural signals. It asks how the communicative significance of money might change as a result of the introduction of new types of currency, payment systems and pricing techniques, and suggests that such developments are likely to involve revisiting two key tensions: between state or corporate power on the one hand, and individual autonomy and privacy on the other; and between money’s power to generate collectivity and its power to divide and exclude.     

上市公司高管过度自信对现金股利政策的影响

抛弃经典财务理论中理性经理人的假设,将规范研究与实证研究相结合,以2006—2010年我国沪深两市A股上市公司作为研究样本,用管理者的相对薪酬、持股状况和实施并购次数构建综合指标来衡量公司高管的过度自信程度,从公司高管过度自信的视角重新审视上市公司的现金股利分配行为。研究结果表明:管理者过度自信的上市公司倾向于少发放现金股利来增强内部融资;上市公司的成长性越强,管理者的过度自信对现金股利分配决策的影响越显著。     

Decision usefulness of whole-asset operating lease capitalizations

Monson (2001) and Hepp and Scoles (2012) argue that some leased assets should be capitalized at the assets' purchase price (whole-asset value) rather than at the present value of future minimum lease payments (right-of-use asset value). The argument is based in part on the notion that the assets under lease generate future income not the obligation related to future lease payments. To test the notion we compare associations between capitalizations representing whole asset values and current and future return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) with capitalizations representing right-of-use asset values and current and future ROA and ROE. Our results indicate that the whole-asset annuity values are incrementally associated with future ROA and ROE over right-of-use asset values. We interpret our results to suggest that the current practice of capitalizing future lease payments does not fully reflect the income generation provided by leased assets.