钢贸企业经营模式创新和流动资金管理问题探讨

实施经营模式创新,已成为当前钢贸企业走出困境的必由之路。应收款、预付款和库存三个方面是当前钢贸企业日常经营风险的重点之所在。本文对创新钢贸企业经营模式和改进流动资金(应收款、预付款和库存)管理进行探讨。     

The impact of agricultural policy on farm income concentration: the case of regional implementation of the CAP direct payments in Italy

One of the objectives of agricultural policy worldwide concerns the support of farm income. Common Agricultural Policy direct payments (DPs) are the main instruments to support farm income in the European Union. This article addresses their role in the concentration of farm income. This is done by calculating the Gini coefficient and its disaggregation in a large sample of Italian farms in the period between 2006 and 2007. Although this approach has been used to develop ex‐post analysis in previous studies, this article is innovative given that it is used here in an ex ante analysis aimed at evaluating the likely impact of a recent reform proposal. This latter requests changing the current model to a regional model of DPs application to make payment rates (i.e., payment per hectare) homogeneous among farms in the same region. The analysis shows that DPs and farm incomes are both very concentrated but that DPs allow for an income concentration reduction in Italian farms. The shift to a regional implementation reduces DPs concentration and, to a limited extent, farm income concentration. Of the considered regionalization scenarios, those that redistribute DPs among regions are the most effective in reducing concentration. The extension of the Gini considered approach to an ex ante setting seems effective because it provides insights that could feed the policy debate regarding the forthcoming reform.     

我国财政专项转移支付决策过程分析--以多源流分析为视角

财政转移支付是1994年实行分税制以来平衡中央-地方以及区域间财力不均的制度，我国专项转移支付又始终占据着财政转移支付的重大比重。专项转移支付在确定资金转移地区，资金转移项目以及每个专项拨款多少的标准是如何确定的？这些都取决于专项转移支付的决策过程。文章通过多源流分析视角来探析我国财政专项转移支付的决策过程中存在的问题，了解我国财政专项转移支付的决策过程。     

Balance of payments accounting and exchange rate dynamics

The balance of payments is an accounting identity. Many wonder how the current and capital accounts, which add up to zero, can influence exchange rates. This paper shows how payment flows arising from balance of payments imbalances affect the demands for different currencies in the foreign exchange market over time. Based on a dynamical system approach, the paper demonstrates how international payments evolve depending on the joint dynamic behaviour of different balance of payments components. It finds that international payments and exchange rates interact in fundamentally different ways depending on whether a country restricts its capital inflows and outflows, whether capital flows are accommodating or autonomous and whether the exchange rate is fixed, flexible or, say, governed by a crawling peg. Empirical evidence from major industrial countries as well as from countries hit by currency crises support the paper's theoretical predictions.     

股票基金红利再投资比例的实证研究

开放式基金"红利再投资比例"指的是基金分红时,投资者以红利再投资方式进行的收益分配占总收益分配的比例。红利再投资比例的研究可以为基金制定正确的分红策略提供依据。文章通过对股票型开放式基金红利再投资比例的研究,发现基金份额、基金存续时间与基金红利再投资比例正相关。这说明基金持有人对基金管理人越有信心,基金持有人投资基金的时间越长,则选择红利再投资的可能性就越大。     

经理人股票期权的会计计价

股票期权会计计价是股票期权制度的核心。股票期权费用化已为学界所接受,争论的焦点集中在方法的选择上。当前,应尽快明确计价方法,因为股票期权会计计价不仅是用来反映和核算股票期权经济行为的工具,更是调节各方利益的手段。因此,笔者建议采用"股利贴现模型"和"库藏股法"来分析不同计价方法对股权稀释的影响。     

股票回购、现金股利替代性与研发投资——基于迎合渠道的比较分析

传统观点认为,股票回购与现金股利存在替代关系,同时在资金约束以及管理层短视情形下,二者对企业中长期研发投资支出产生负向冲击。而“边分红,边研发”却是目前我国上市公司的普遍现象。基于此背景,利用2014-2017年我国A股上市公司样本数据,在迎合渠道下分析股票回购与现金分红行为对研发投资的影响及差异。研究发现：两种分配行为并非具有完全替代性,虽然二者均会通过迎合渠道对研发投资产生正向影响,但迎合渠道又存在差异。其中,现金股利多通过股权融资渠道发挥作用,而股票回购多通过理性迎合渠道发挥作用。     

基于可计算的一般均衡模型的我国碳税政策“双重红利”研究

建立了分析我国减少二氧化碳排放而征收碳税的可计算的一般均衡模型,分析碳税政策的双重红利。结果显示:为减少二氧化碳排放而征收碳税,对社会经济变量将造成一定的负面影响。保持财政中性,在征收碳税的时候,减少居民或者企业间接税,都可以在减少二氧化碳排放量的同时提高社会福利或者保持社会福利变化不大,实现碳税的双重红利。但是在保持财政中性,在征收碳税的同时减少企业所得税,虽然减少了二氧化碳排放量,居民的社会福利却有了更大程度的下降。     

中国上市公司现金股利支付可能性影响因素分析

关于现金股利,大多数文献只是对影响现金股利支付水平的因素进行研究,对现金股利支付可能性大小研究的尚不多。本文以我国上市公司为样本,实证分析了上市公司现金股利的支付特点及支付可能性的影响因素,研究发现,公司面临现金流的不确定性程度、所处周期、面临的投资机会等因素对公司股利支付的可能性有重要影响,最后提出了相应的政策建议。     

经济全球化、中国收入分配与“人口红利陷阱”

文章从经济全球化影响中国收入分配的各个层面入手,通过数理推导和实证分析探讨了贸易全球化、生产与投资的全球化、金融深化、科技进步、教育水平等对中国国内收入分配的影响。结果发现,贸易全球化短期内会加剧中国的收入差距,原因可归结为人口红利陷阱,但长期内将有助于缩小中国的收入差距;生产与投资的全球化也会扩大收入差距,而金融发展与深化对中国收入分配差距的影响最大;技术进步、受教育程度提高和劳动力由低阶部门向高阶部门的转移则能在一定程度上缓解收入差距过大。