电子治理的现状分析与前景展望

信息技术与治理理论的结合催生了以信息技术为手段的电子治理,它将成为信息时代政府实现善治的新思路。现阶段电子治理的发展还存在许多不足,在信息透明和交互服务两项功能的对比中,政府网站交互性服务水平普遍偏低。通过电子政府的建设来促进公民与政府之间的交流互动,加强公民的政治参与,从而推动电子民主的发展将是电子治理更高阶段的追求目标。     

Democracy and Economic Growth: Optimal Level and Transmission Channels

After evening out all the benefits and costs, the overall optimal level of democracy is about 3.2, on a scale of 1 to 7. On average, fully dictatorial countries have a conditioned growth rate of –1.113 percent, fully democratic countries have a conditioned growth rate of 1.146 while countries with the optimal level of democracy/autocracy have a conditioned growth rate of 2.665. In the case of a fully dictatorial country, moving one unit towards democracy can raise the GDP growth rate by about 1.725 points; while for a fully democratic country, moving towards autocracy by one unit can raise the growth rate by about 0.885 points. This study provides useful information for many developing countries which are experiencing substantial pressures to restructure their political system.     

促进市场经济可持续发展的政治体制改革探讨

当前中国的GN系数远远突破了国际公认的警戒线,而且贫富差距存在不断扩大的趋势,这表明我国存在较为严重的市场失灵现象,需要政府加以矫正。但是政府腐败问题屡禁不止且有不断泛滥的迹象,这表明我国也存在较严重的政府失灵现象。不消除政府失灵现象,市场失灵问题便难以解决。因此,进行政治体制改革以消除政府失灵现象,是矫正市场失灵,促进市场经济可持续发展的必然选择。文章着重探讨了具有中国特色的政治体制改革的基本思路,指出了在当前条件下我国不宜实行西方多党制民主,应当与时俱进地完善中国共产党领导下的多党合作制。     

关于我国立法民主化的思考

立法民主是现代法治的标志。近几年来,我国立法民主化渐入佳境,全社会呈现出“全民立法”的高潮。立法民主化有利于真正实现人民当家作主,有利于民众间的沟通,有利于提高立法质量。我国现行立法民主化在制度构建和实践中存在一些不足之处：提出议案的主体范围太窄,尚未形成完善的立法公开制度,民主立法的程序制度不完善,对民众意见的处理不尽人意等。     

Inclusive institutions and economic growth: comparative perspective and policy implications for China

ABSTRACT

This paper examines the empirical relationship between the presence of inclusive institutions and the pattern of economic growth in a cross-country setting. We find evidence that the presence of inclusive institutions, indicated by political democracy, positively affects consumption share. In turn, the increase of the latter in the preceding year is associated with a significantly higher rate of total factor productivity (TFP) growth. The link from democracy to TFP growth via consumption is stronger for countries of higher levels of income. These findings suggest that institutional inclusiveness may have become increasingly important for economic growth when the level of income rises. We also provide preliminary evidence that consumption may have facilitated productivity growth via the channels of increasing innovations and reducing social conflicts. The findings shed lights on the structural transformations toward a more inclusive and sustainable model of growth in China today.

Abbreviations: FE: GMM: Generalized method of moments PWT: TFP: Total factor productivity     

Sustaining Employee Owned Companies: Seven Recommendations

The employee owned company (EOC) might be the ideal blend of capitalism and communitarianism that vitalizes the global economy. EOCs – based on the concepts of employee participation and control – have sprung up in the United Kingdom, some parts of the European Union, the United States, Japan, and the former Eastern Bloc countries. Research has shown that they are able to compete effectively with more traditional companies. However, in addition to the pressures of business competition, EOCs face two other key problems as they strive to survive: (1) degeneration and (2) human nature and the abuse of power. After introducing the idea of the EOC and describing briefly these two key problems, this article presents seven recommendations for sustaining employee owned companies. These recommendations – grounded in sound organizational theory and the writings of experts in the field of employee ownership – are offered as hypotheses to be examined empirically by future researchers.     

民主政治制度、受托责任与政府财务报告导向

政府财务报告的导向定位问题是我国正在进行的政府会计改革中的一个重要命题.鉴于政治因素在决定政府财务报告导向上具有关键性作用,我国政府财务报告体系的改革只能是渐进式的,即目前以对内为主,将来以对外为主.     

冲突中的发展——早期古罗马共和国政治体制下的民主政治

罗马共和国在政治上取得成功举世瞩目,其之所以取得成功的,在很大的程度上与其采取的政治体制有关。罗马的民主政治因其有的独特性,执政官、保民官、元老院建立了最早的"三权分立"的政治架构,十二铜表法作为开端的罗马法更是让罗马共和国成为了宪政民主的开端,为其后很多国家提供借鉴的榜样。在突出的民主政体之下,贵族与贫民,旧贵族与新贵族,外邦邻人的矛盾,也间接地成为了罗马共和国发展的动力因。罗马的政治制度也为调和内外部的矛盾,不断做出修正、让步,客观上,使得民主政治得到不断的完善。     

辛亥革命与中国民主政治

辛亥革命是世界与中国文明碰撞的结果,其实质是制度文明的碰撞。辛亥革命实现了民主、共和和宪政,成为中国历史上一次真正意义的具有现代化特征的革命,是中国民主政治实践的一个里程碑。民主政治不但是革命者所追求的政治目标,而且是辛亥革命的最大成果,奴隶从此变成了公民,平等地参与国家的管理。辛亥革命以其光辉的实践,证明了民主具有普世价值。     

民主法治在建设和谐农村中的作用

民主建设和谐农村是构建社会主义和谐社会的重要组成部分，而建设和谐农村需发挥法治的重要作用。对民主法治推进和谐农村建设的作用进行了探讨。