大众传媒的政府立场与民间立场

西方民主模式刻意强调大众传媒民间立场与政府立场的对立,其意不在民主,而在霸权;大众传媒的民间立场与政府立场是兼容的;大众传媒的独立性在于对民意和政府的沟通,这些对第三世界渐进式民主发展极有意义.     

Informed Consent Out of Context

Several attempts have been made to transfer the concept of informed consent from medical and research ethics to dealing with affected groups in other areas such as engineering, land use planning, and business management. It is argued that these attempts are unsuccessful since the concept of informed consent is inadequate for situations in which groups of affected persons are dealt with collectively (rather than individually, as in clinical medicine). There are several reasons for this. The affected groups from which informed consent is sought cannot be identified with sufficient precision. Informed consent is associated with individual veto power, but it does not appear realistic to give veto power to all individuals who are affected for instance by an engineering project. Most importantly, the concept of informed consent puts focus on the public’s acceptance of ready-made proposals rather than on its participation in the decision-making process as a whole, which includes the development of alternatives for the decision. Therefore, the concept of informed consent is not applicable to a company’s relations with groups and collectives. It may, however, be applicable to a company’s relations with individual persons such as customers and employees.     

自由在西方社会的沦丧——兼评埃里希·弗洛姆《对自由的恐惧》

文章运用马克思主义理论评析美国哲学家埃里希.弗洛姆《对自由的恐惧》的西方自由史,从而探索如何实现现代人的真正自由,理解西方社会自由沦丧的原因。     

对当前村民自治发展模式的思考

村民自治是在农村经济体制改革深入发展中产生和形成的 ,也是农村政治体制改革和民主政治建设的重要成果 ,村民自治的推广 ,标志着中国民主化进程从此迈出了重要一步。进一步促进村民自治的完善和发展 ,必将对农村经济和社会发展产生强大的推动力。     

中国土地权利立法论纲

土地权利立法是中国物权立法的重要内容,物权法对其如何规定则涉及中国社会的生存和发展。土地权利立法必须以物权立法的价值为指导,以平等独立的现代物权理论为支撑,以公私法相互交融为方法。在具体制度构建上,应以生存利益高于一切来决定土地利用权利制度的取舍,以现代民主的要求来构建土地所有权的运行机制。据此,独具中国特色的土地权利制度就能够形成。     

当代中国政治文化内部结构的分化与整合

深入剖析一国政治文化的内部结构及其相互关系对于了解该国政治体系的运作具有重要意义。当代中国政治文化在精英和大众层面都存在着社会主义意识形态、传统政治文化、民主政治文化三种类型的交织与分化，当代中国政治文化的整合与创新应以培育和发展出有中国特色的以权利、民主、法治为核心理念的社会主义公民文化为指向，政治社会化对于政治文化整合与更新尤为重要。     

Democracies cooperate more: even where it threatens to bite?

Estimating two-step selection models, we find that more democratic governments are more likely to conclude preferential trade agreements (PTAs) and to agree to stricter investment provisions related to pre-establishment national treatment and investor–state dispute settlement in PTAs. This is surprising when considering the potentially high costs of litigation.     

Authoritarian Legacies in Post–New Order Indonesia: Evidence from a New Dataset

Democratisation has fundamentally changed the formal institutional structure of Indonesian politics, but a wealth of contemporary research has demonstrated that the informal mechanisms of power and influence have survived the transition. This article uses a unique, hand-collected dataset of information on Indonesian public figures to empirically catalogue the changes and continuities in Indonesian politics since democratisation. Our results provide quantitative evidence of a substantial shift in Indonesia’s political economy over the last decade and a half: the simultaneous rise of the private sector and decline of the military and the state as avenues to political influence at the national level. Our evidence also suggests that the origins of this shift pre-date democratisation itself.     

Citizens' support for Economic Reforms in Sub‐Saharan Africa

The objective of this paper is to investigate the factors that influence citizens' support for costly economic reforms in sub‐Saharan Africa. This is relevant for several reasons, but the most obvious perhaps is that economic reform will be difficult if faced by strong resistance from citizens. In this paper, individual data from Round 4 of the Afrobarometer surveys is used to investigate how support for economic reforms is influenced by factors falling under the following broad categories: (i) Economic variables; (ii) group identity and fairness variables; (iii) Institutional and state/government variables; (iv) Demographic and control variables. An individual's trust in the president and the belief that the government manages the economy well are two of the most significant and robust factors. This is in keeping with the results found in Williamson (The Political Economy of Policy Reform, Institute for International Economics, Washington, DC, 1994 ). Another robustly significant variable is satisfaction with how democracy works in the country. Variables related to ethnic identity and community membership also play a significant role in support for costly economic reforms, which is in line with the theories put forward by van de Walle (African Economies and the Politics of Permanent Crisis, 1979–1999. Cambridge University Press, New York, 2001 ). Females are less likely to support economic reforms, while individuals with higher levels of education are more likely to support economic reforms.