浅谈数字压力计标准装置期间核查

近年来油田各级计量检定机构多采用数字压力计标准装置进行压力量值传递。数字压力计标准装置,会由于测量元器件老化、人员操作和环境影响等因素,发生示值漂移或稳定性下降,导致检定结果的失准。定期对其进行期间核查,及时发现计量标准装置的变化,实时采取纠正措施,才能确保计量标准测量结果的准确可靠。     

制造业投入服务化对碳生产率影响的理论建模和实证检验——以珠三角为例

制造业投入服务化有利于制造业提高劳动生产率,且具有生态效益。在短期内,制造业服务化的发展会引起碳生产率的降低;但随着制造业服务化发展到一定程度,服务化对碳生产率的负向影响转为正,促进制造业碳生产率的提高。碳生产率与制造业服务化之间存在非线性关系且呈U型。     

Simulating non‐normal distributions with specified L‐moments and L‐correlations

This paper derives a procedure for simulating continuous non‐normal distributions with specified L‐moments and L‐correlations in the context of power method polynomials of order three. It is demonstrated that the proposed procedure has computational advantages over the traditional product‐moment procedure in terms of solving for intermediate correlations. Simulation results also demonstrate that the proposed L‐moment‐based procedure is an attractive alternative to the traditional procedure when distributions with more severe departures from normality are considered. Specifically, estimates of L‐skew and L‐kurtosis are superior to the conventional estimates of skew and kurtosis in terms of both relative bias and relative standard error. Further, the L‐correlation also demonstrated to be less biased and more stable than the Pearson correlation. It is also shown how the proposed L‐moment‐based procedure can be extended to the larger class of power method distributions associated with polynomials of order five.     

浅析我国商业银行中间业务之现状

商业银行的中间业务是商业银行的支柱业务。我国商业银行加快发展中间业务应重点从经营观念、产品和服务、专业人才的培养、高科技的引入等方面进行突破,注重风险与收益的平衡。     

论人民币汇率制度的选择

金融全球化以前所未有的速度和规模在世界范围内流动,大部分受货币冲击的国家最终被迫放弃中间地带的汇率制度安排。在这样的背景下,"中间汇率制度消失论"开始出现并且得到了理论界的关注。选择"角点汇率制度"而放弃采用"中间汇率制度"是政府的最优选择。同时,对人民币汇率制度的短期、中期和长期选择提出了政策建议。     

中国货币政策的二元传导机制——"两中介目标、两调控对象"模式研究

The research, using VAR model and economic and financial data starting from January 1998 and expiring by June 2006, by econometric methods and theoretical analysis, examines the intermediate target and transmission channel of China’s monetary policy. The results are as followings: (1) Monetary supply M2 is a good indicator for China’s monetary policy, its prediction ability to economic variables is far above other monetary variables; (2) M2 is China’s monetary intermediate target because M2 reacts systematically to the industrial added value and CPI, and M2 innovation is made by the People’s Bank of China (PBC); (3) Monetary transmission channel does not exist in China basically, the main transmission channel is bank loans, credit quota is a de facto intermediate target, which regulates macroeconomy directly and induces the changes in M2, so there are two intermediate targets—credit quota and M2, which is fundamentally the same as the situation before 1998; (4) The two intermediate targets function in different fields—credit quota for real economy and M2 for the financial market, which is a realistic choice and PBC has successfully coordinated them. These conclusions are meaningful for the practices of China’s monetary policy, which indicates that we should pay more attention to the credit quota and take it as the core variable to regulate macroeconomy. Of course, this monetary transmission mode is only effective temporarily because there are many limitations in it. In the future, it is necessary to adopt the interest rate, which is more informative, as the intermediate target, which takes the marketization of the interest rate and exchange rate as the preconditions. __________ Translated from Jingji Yanjiu 经济研究 (Economic Research Journal), 2008, (10): 37–51     

垄断竞争、中间产品与城市规模

从分工经济与城市规模之间关系的角度,运用Dixit-Stiglitz模型框架下经济活动的规模收益递增原理,在城市内部最终产品生产企业利润最大化的条件下,系统讨论了投入的中间产品种类数与城市人口规模之间的关系、中间产品之间的替代性对城市均衡人口规模的反馈作用,以及城市内部中间产品专业化水平和互补经济程度之间的关系。在此基础上,利用广东省城市增长的部分数据进行了实证分析。认为:经济活动的集聚形成了城市;在城市体积增长和城市系统随产业的专业化与多样化发展而演进的过程中,城市规模经济的实现除了依赖生产要素流动外,最终产品生产企业对中间产品投入的需求也具有不可忽视的作用。     

The impact of exchange rate regimes on economic growth: Empirical study of a set of developing countries during the period 1974–2006

An increment in the quantity of services/goods manufactured per-head of the population over time denotes economic growth of a country. Exchange Rate Intermediate Regimes are unable to continue under conditions of capital movement. To examine the relationship between exchange rate regimes and economic growth. This study has kept its focus on the economic growth of a set of developing countries during the years (1974–2006). Fixed effects and pooled regression for 16 developing countries have been incorporated as the methodologies techniques for data. Analysis of data was performed through SPSS. A relationship between exchange rate regimes and economic growth has been identified through statistical approaches. The results indicated that as compared to flexible exchange regime, growth rate was higher by 1.2% when fixed exchange regime was adopted; and a growth rate of 0.64% was achieved under the intermediate regime when compared with the flexible regime. A positive impact has been identified in exchange rate regimes upon economic growth of the developing countries. Countries following the flexible exchange rates are facing scarcity for the existence of advanced financial systems, which deprives them of enjoying the benefits of flexible regime.     

改进柱塞泵介杆密封的几点建议

在油田开发过程中,含油污水回注是保持地层压力,提高原油采收率的重要工艺措施。现阶段,油田的注水设备主要包括离心式注水泵和往复式注水泵两大类。通过对东辛采油厂柱塞泵运行情况的统计分析,结合柱塞泵介杆密封在设备运行中的作用和现状,提出了几点改进建议。     

Agricultural Productivity,Business Services,and Comparative Advantage

By explicitly incorporating both the intermediate business service sector and non-homothetic preferences, this study develops a two-good (the agricultural good and the manufactured good) model of trade that captures the role of agricultural productivity, which deepens the division of labor in the manufactured good sector. The level of agricultural productivity is found to determine the structure of comparative advantage: the country that has an absolute advantage in the agricultural sector also has a comparative advantage in the manufactured good sector.