我国对外贸易的环境效应分析

运用Grossman和Krueger的分析方法，对我国1994—2003年的对外贸易环境效应进行了研究。研究结果表明，我国时外贸易对环境影响的技术效应和结构效应为正，但由于规模效应为较大的负数，所以总效应仍为负，即现阶段的进出口贸易从总体上说恶化了我国的生态环境。要改变贸易对环境的不利影响，必须进一步降低污染密集度，增强正的技术效应和结构效应。     

公共秩序保留制度的式微

公共秩序保留作为国际私法的一种特殊制度,其实质是用来保护本国的国家利益,从而拒绝外国法的适用或者拒绝承认与执行外国法院判决或外国仲裁裁决,因而被称为保护本国利益的“安全阀”。虽然各国对该制度理解不一,但都在立法上对它进行了规定。晚近,各国国际私法对公共秩序保留的态度出现了不同程度的改变,公共秩序保留开始出现式微的发展趋势。这种趋势的出现,除了其本身的缺陷外,主要是全球化的影响以及法律趋同化的演变。     

入世三年来我国农产品贸易发展态势分析

加入世界贸易组织三年来，我国全面履行了农产品国际贸易方面的入世承诺，农产品的进出口都得到了迅速的发展，取得了良好的成绩。通过分析入世以来我国农产品贸易的发展状况、面临的问题和发展趋势，提出未来我国农产品贸易发展的应对策略，以利于我国经济更加健康地融入世界经济。     

论普通商事仲裁管辖对法院管辖的排除

有效的仲裁协议是仲裁机构受理商事纠纷的前提，也是排除法院管辖权的依据。当事人有关仲裁协议有效性的争议将会动摇仲裁管辖的基础。本文从分析仲裁管辖的依据入手，探讨了仲裁管辖与法院管辖之间的界限，结合国际上仲裁管辖制度的最新发展，提出我国应进一步放宽对仲裁管辖权的限制，以促进仲裁事业的发展。     

“双循环”背景下上海构建国际消费城市路径探析

党的十九届五中全会提出,要“培育国际消费中心城市”。上海作为已经初步具备建设国际消费城市基础的重要经济体,在加快构建“双循环”新发展格局背景下,应借力构建国际贸易中心与旅游城市建设的机遇,不断丰富完善各种消费品与服务供给,有效降低消费成本,推进建设国际消费城市。本文结合上海已有建设国际消费城市的基础,切实分析上海构建国际消费城市存在的不足,在借鉴吸纳国际经验的基础上,提出努力提升消费总量、不断提升消费品供给质量、优化消费结构等上海构建国际消费城市的对策措施。     

Piercing the Veil of Uncertainty in Transboundary Pollution Agreements

This paper addresses the question of how uncertainty in costs and benefits affects the difficulty of reaching a voluntary agreement among sovereign states. A measure of difficulty is constructed related to side-payments necessary to make an agreement a Pareto-improving move. Using a simple model, it is shown that uncertainty actually makes agreement easier.JEL classifications: Q5, H4, D7, D8An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Conference on Risk and Uncertainty in Environmental and Resource Economics, Wageningen, The Netherlands, June 2002.     

Energy taxation in Southern Europe: The case of Portugal

We investigate whether or not the imposition of a common EC energy-tax will penalize more the poorer Southern European economies and if this will harm convergence at the EC level. We start by surveying briefly the existing studies and empirical evidence. Then we exploit the results obtained when using the macroeconometric HERMES models to simulate the introduction of an energy-tax. Unfortunately, as we only have HERMES results for one Southern European economy, Portugal, our conclusions are limited. Finally, we investigate convergence in Europe and the effects of energy taxation on convergence. We conclude that energy taxation will harm growth all over the EC, penalizing more one of the less developed countries, Portugal, and having most probably adverse effects on convergence.This paper was prepared for presentation at the Conference Energy Tax in Europe organized jointly by the SEO-University of Amsterdam and the DG XII of the CEC and held in Amsterdam on 13th December 1991. I would like to thank the participants in the Conference and two anonymous referees for helpful comments. Of course, the usual disclaimer applies.     

Evolution of trade patterns in the new EU member states

The paper analyses the evolution of the trade specialization pattern in the new EU member states. Relying on the empirical approach of the Markov transition matrices it analyses both the changes in the external shape of the distribution of comparative advantages and the intra‐distribution dynamics. The new members show a dynamic trade pattern: they gained comparative advantages relatively fast in sectors in which they were lagging behind at the beginning of the transition, notably in some ‘high tech’ products. In addition, many specialization improvements occurred in those items for which world demand expanded at the fastest rate over the nineties.     

The convergence of least squares learning in stochastic temporary equilibrium models

Summary. This paper provides conditions for the almost sure convergence of the least squares learning rule in a stochastic temporary equilibrium model, where regressions are performed on the past values of the endogenous state variable. In contrast to earlier studies, (Evans and Honkapohja, 1998; Marcent and Sargent, 1989), which were local analyses, the dynamics are studied from a global viewpoint, which allows one to obtain an almost sure convergence result without employing projection facilities. Received: April 7, 2001; revised version: September 5, 2001     

我国地区经济增长收敛的动态变化:1978—2017年

改革开放40年来，我国地区经济增长收敛现象较为明显。地区人均GDP增长不仅持续上升，而且水平差距也在不断缩小，存在条件收敛现象，并且东部和沿海地区经济增长的"俱乐部收敛"现象显著。进入20世纪90年代后，增长收敛趋势愈发突出，2008年国际金融危机也未影响增长收敛的发展态势。未来要继续坚持改革开放，补上各地制度和要素的短板，积极培育和发展有利于地区人均GDP增长收敛现象产生的一系列基础性因素，以实现区域更加协调发展。