谈“办公自动化”专业的知识结构与能力培养──“办公自动化”专业教学计划研究

研究探讨办公自动化人才培养的模式，从不同层次对专业发展方向、培养目标、课程设置等方面开展广泛研讨，制定能体现办公自动化发展现状、适应高职教育需求的教学计划，对我国推广办公自动化应用，加速国民经济发展具有重要意义。     

Tourism,tourist learning and sustainability: an exploratory discussion of complexities,problems and opportunities

Learning is often a central element of tourism. Tourists can learn actively, i.e. with a specific purpose, as well as passively through the comparison of values, norms and customs. It has been argued that travel supports active learning that has positive outcomes for sustainability, for instance, in the context of conservation. Yet, the complexity of active and passive learning processes and their outcomes for environmental sustainability and sustainable lifestyles remain insufficiently understood. Against this background, the paper discusses selected learning outcomes for transportation (air travel), accommodation (hotels) and activities (theme park visits). Findings suggest that “desirable” learning (defined as pro-sustainable development learning) in tourism may be very limited, while in particular, passive learning processes which redefine social norms frequently have outcomes that are largely detrimental to sustainable lifestyles. They include forms of moral licensing, the diffusion of responsibilities as well as the attenuation of the negative consequences of travel. Given the economic, social and cultural importance of tourism vís-a-vís its global implications for environmental sustainability, learning outcomes in tourism deserve to be studied in greater detail, while strategies need to be devised to enhance sustainable learning effects.     

基于《旅游学刊》关键词计量分析的旅游学科创新力及知识体系构建

既有研究有少量以关键词为研究对象来探讨旅游学科相关信息,然鲜见对学科创新力及知识体系演变与构建的研究。文章以《旅游学刊》2000—2014年载文的书写关键词为研究对象,运用文献计量可视化软件CiteSpace进行数据统计分析,结合内容分析,创新性地将学科创新力测评及知识体系演变结合研究。结果显示：（1）学科创新潜力、创新活力和创新保持力分呈变异V形和倒V形,除2000—2004年的创新潜力和创新活力变化稍大外,2000—2004年的创新保持力、2005—2009年及2010—2014年的各项创新力较为稳定;（2）学科知识体系演变由学科内容及方法的演变来展现,内容为数量-质量-精神层次的演变,方法为质性方法-量化方法-质与量结合的演变;（3）构建由研究内容、方法及目的3大部分组成的旅游学科知识体系框架。文章探讨以《旅游学刊》单一期刊为研究对象,理论建构依据的是“分析性归纳”,强调的是“典型性”,反映的是“高水准旅游学术刊物”这一同质化范围内。     

A theoretical framework of electronic word-of-mouth against the backdrop of social networking websites

This study proposed and tested a theoretical framework that explains electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) against the backdrop of social networking websites (SNWs), which have gained substantial popularity among travelers. In particular, a United States (US) nationwide online survey was conducted and nine hypotheses were tested. The findings suggest that willingness to share knowledge and switching costs are positively related to eWOM communication. In addition, customer value (utilitarian) has positive relationships with willingness to share knowledge, perceived security, and switching cost, while customer value (hedonic) has positive relationships with willingness to share knowledge and switching costs. Last but not least, the findings indicate that perceived security does negatively impact eWOM. In light of the major findings, the article sets forth strategic implications for travel-related social networking websites.     

Market knowledge of the travel industry from knowledge-based view: a case of two Taiwanese travel agencies

There has been a lack of comprehensive model elaborating the key dimensions of knowledge management in the tourism field. Based on market orientation literature, market knowledge could be illustrated from consumer and competitor dimensions. However, what knowledge topics are in these two dimensions (e.g. knowledge depth) or do any dimensions of market knowledge exist (e.g. knowledge breadth)? These questions can be clearly answered. Drawing on knowledge-based view of firms, this study explores market knowledge from four characteristics: depth, breadth, tacitness, and specificity. It seeks to contribute to the existing literature through a series of semi-structured interviews and behavioral observation with senior managers of Taiwan’s leading travel agencies. Four market knowledge categories emerge: customer knowledge, employee knowledge, competitor knowledge, and partner knowledge. It is suggested that high levels exist as to the importance of knowledge acquisition, classification, dissemination, and usage, and this represents a significant change over past findings.     

社会资本对公共项目管理绩效影响的实证研究——以知识共享为中介变量

社会资本作为公共项目的客观情景因素,能够弥补公共项目中正式制度的不足并改善项目管理绩效。文章分析了社会资本三个维度对管理绩效的影响,围绕着公共项目管理绩效的可控影响因素,引入知识共享作为中介变量,在公共项目中构建出“社会资本→中介变量→公共项目管理绩效”的假设模型,并依此完成实证研究。结构方程模型（SEM）的验证结果表明,在社会资本与公共项目管理绩效之间的作用关系中,知识共享充当了中介变量的角色,社会资本各构面在不同程度上对公共项目管理绩效产生间接的正效应。     

基于市场决定理念下的征地补偿标准确定方法研究 ——以甘肃省张掖市城市规划区为例

研究目的：针对现行征地补偿标准确定方法的弊端,探索符合各地实际的征地补偿标准确定方法。研究方法：社会调查法,逻辑推理法,实证研究法。研究结果：按照征地后用途不同采用不同的确定方法能够提高征地补偿标准,保障农民权益,充分体现土地价值,具有可操作性。研究结论：公益性用地采用地价构成法,非公益性用地采用基准地价反算法,从不同角度测算征地补偿标准切实可行。     

基于专家系统的农用地分等研究

针对传统农用地分等方法的不足,利用专家系统的理论和方法,提出一种基于专家系统的农用地分等方法.通过该方法建立的农用地分等专家系统在实际应用中取得了良好的效果.     

农用地分等汇总制图综合知识规则的建立

目前基于知识的地图综合已有一定程度的研究,但大都集中在地形数据或地形图综合知识的研究上,针对某一专题的制图综合知识规则更不多见,主要原因在于专题地图类型的多样性以及对专业知识的特殊要求限制了这方面的研究.因此有必要针对某一领域的专题地图分别建立制图综合知识规则,促进专题地图综合知识的系统化、规范化及专题地图自动综合的发展.因此在现有的各种技术规范和综合规则的基础上,结合农用地分等汇总制图综合的实际工作,较全面的总结农用地分等汇总制图综合过程中需要遵循和运用的知识,包括基于应用的知识、专家知识、图形和拓扑关系知识、语义知识、过程性知识,并用人工智能中的产生式规则进行知识表达.     

地勘单位产业发展的战略思考

文章结合湖南省地矿局的实际 ,分析了地勘单位产业发展的必要性 ,指出了目前地勘单位产业发展中存在着工勘业领域过广 ,优势产业不明显 ;多种经营业发展不稳定等问题。指出应努力使基地物业逐渐成为地勘单位经济亮点。认为确定优势产业是地勘单位产业发展的必然选择 ,而做强做大优势产业是地勘单位产业发展的关键。