Dynamic R&D competition with memory

We consider a differential game of R&D competition and explore the impact of rivalry on the firms' investment behavior over time. Using closed-loop strategies and hence allowing for strategic interactions among rival firms we show that R&D spending by the individual competitor is increased due to competition in the race for priority. This leads us to argue that competitive encounters enhance R&D activities at the same time as increasing efficiency in the race for a technological breakthrough.     

信息网络对企业空间组织的影响

信息网络是信息社会的主要基础设施,本文从信息网络的概念、分类和形状入手,讨论了信息网络对企业区位和劳动空间分工的影响,并举例加以说明,最后对地理学开展新的空间经济发展研究提出了思路.     

Illicit drug markets and economic irregularities

Markets for illicit drugs present an interesting case study for economics, combining non-standard characteristics such as addiction and product illegality. One response has been to argue the generality of economic principles by suggesting that they apply even in the extreme case of markets for addictive substances, e.g., by showing that demand for illicit goods is responsive to price [1] [Reframing health behavior change with behavioral economics. Hillsdale, NJ:Lawrence Earlbaum Associates; 2000. p. 89-111.] and even by modeling addiction as rational [2] [J Political Econ 1988;96:675-700]. This paper sketches examples of an alternative reaction, focusing on idiosyncrasies of drug markets that might plausibly create counter-intuitive effects, including supply curves that slope downward because of enforcement swamping and/or a good serving as the only available store of wealth for its producer, demand reduction programs that increase demand, and consumption by “jugglers” possibly increasing rather than decreasing as prices rise. This analysis yields non-obvious policy recommendations; for example, source country control programs should concentrate on growing regions with a healthy banking sector.     

文学研究的绿色新视界:《徐霞客游记》的生态批评价值、旨趣与意义探讨

"能至"、"能言"、"能文",乃旅游的三大境界。"能至"方可"言"、"文"。在旅游体系中,"能至"处于基础地位,"能文"则是最高境界。笔耕,无异于我国明代地理学家与探险家徐霞客生命过程中不可剥离的一种存在形式。值此纪念徐霞客诞辰420周年之际,本文拟从生态批评的角度,根据自身对世界文学长廊中生态文学作品的比较和认识,挖掘与解读《徐霞客游记》体现的创作姿态,以及它在生态保护,唤醒人们的生态意识、生态良心等方面的价值。徐霞客这一作品的丰富性,同时足以促使我们反思我国当代生态文学的发展状况,为整个文学研究提供了新的视角、新的思路和新的方法,从而使作品本身具有更强的生命力。     

Thermodynamics and process analysis for future economic scenarios

Economists are increasingly interested in forecasting future costs and benefits of policies for dealing with materials/energy fluxes, polluting emissions and environmental impacts on various scales, from sectoral to global. Computable general equilibrium (CGE) models are currently popular because they project demand and industrial structure into the future, along an equilibrium path. But they are applicable only to the extent that structural changes occur in or near equilibrium, independent of radical technological (or social) change. The alternative tool for analyzing economic implications of scenario assumptions is to use Leontief-type Input-Output (I-O) models. I-O models are unable to endogenize structural shifts (changing I-O coefficients). However, this can be a virtue when considering radical rather than incremental shifts. Postulated I-O tables can be used independently to check the internal consistency of scenarios. Or I-O models can be used to generate scenarios by linking them to econometric macro-drivers (which can, in principle, be CGE models). Explicit process analysis can be integrated, in principle, with I-O models. This hybrid scheme provides a natural means of satisfying physical constraints, especially the first and second laws of thermodynamics. This is important, to avoid constructing scenarios based on physically impossible processes. Process analysis is really the only available tool for constructing physically plausible alternative future I-O tables, and generating materials/energy and waste emissions coefficients. Explicit process analysis also helps avoid several problems characteristic of pure CGE or I-O models, viz. (1) aggregation errors (2) inability to handle arbitrary combinations of co-product and co-input relationships and (3) inability to reflect certain non-linearities such as internal feedback loops.     

网络经济下企业组织环境的变化与经营模式的变革

网络经济是建立在信息的生产、分配和使用基础之上的经济形态。在网络经济环境下 ,企业经营的组织环境出现了新的变化 ,因而使企业的经营模式发生了从大规模生产到大规模定制 ,从产品经济到服务经济 ,从实体经营到虚拟经营 ,从互相竞争到双赢合作的根本性变革。把握这些新变化并改进我国企业经营的策略 ,有利于企业战略目标的实现。     

基于大规模定制的供应链设计

分析了大规模定制面临的挑战和供应链发展带来的机遇，根据供应链的不同功能，结合大规模定制的特点，提出“运用三维并行工程”设计不同的供应链及其供应商与战略伙伴，以实现大规模定制的低成本和快速反应。     

浅谈铁路桥墩的大体积混凝土施工的温控技术

在大型桥梁施工中,大体积混凝土容易产生裂缝,将对工程质量产生重大安全隐患。论文全面总结了太阳冲大桥大体积混凝土施工中的温控计算、冷却水管布置和温度监控措施,对类似工程施工有一定的参考作用。     

知识联盟中的学习障碍研究

知识联盟是企业获取外部知识的重要途径。然而 ,在知识联盟中却蕴含着各种形式的学习障碍 ,制约了知识的有效转移。本文首先从知识、企业和联盟对象三方面分析了联盟中学习障碍的状况及主要来源。     

基于非场所理论的徐州都市圈发展研究

从非场所理论产生背景、内涵入手，分析了其对城市发展的影响，探讨了都市圈概念和形成的条件。在此基础上。以徐州为例，剖析了其发展条件，提出了徐州都市圈发展的空间组织和发展思路。