全低变工艺开发应用中的问题与对策

讨论了全低变工艺开发过程中遇到的一些问题和对策,对中、小氮肥企业进行技术改造具有一定的参考意义。     

深基坑施工中的喷锚支护设计

喷锚支护是近２０年来发展起来的一种岩土体加固技术。７０年代成功地应用于边坡及挡土墙的加固，近几年开始用于深基坑边坡支护。本文在分析喷锚支护加固机理的基础上，通过一工程实例，说明喷锚支护技术用于深基坑开挖支护是安全可靠的。与传统支护结构相比，具有工期短，造价更合理的特点。     

企业长期激励机制创新

长期激励机制匮乏问题一直是我国理论界和实业界最为关注的核心问题。指出目前在我国实行的长期激励措施的不足,提出了以“股息期权”,代替“股票期权”的激励方案,从而有效解决了我国目前的资本市场和法律法规对于“长期激励形式”的约束,可以为现阶段企业管理者进行薪酬激励机制设计时提供重要的参考和借鉴。     

Progressive stress accelerated life tests under finite mixture models

In this paper, progressive stress accelerated life tests are considered when the lifetime of a product under use condition follows a finite mixture of distributions. The experiment is performed when each of the components in the mixture follows a general class of distributions which includes, among others, the Weibull, compound Weibull, power function, Gompertz and compound Gompertz distributions. It is assumed that the scale parameter of each component satisfies the inverse power low, the progressive stress is directly proportional to time and the cumulative exposure model for the effect of changing stress holds. Based on type-I censoring, the maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) of the parameters under consideration are obtained. A special attention is paid to a mixture of two Rayleigh components. Simulation results are carried out to study the precision of the MLEs and to obtain confidence intervals for the parameters involved.     

发展我国零售业态下的共同配送模式——日本7-11便利店物流革新的启示

日本7-11便利店在物流革新中开创了共同配送的新型配送模式,提高了配送效率,并成为其取得成功的关键因素之一.现阶段有三种典型的共同配送模式：集中配送模式、窗口批发模式、完全统一配送模式.鉴于我国零售业物流配送存在物流成本高、社会成本高、运输的规模不经济等问题,需要大力发展共同配送模式,以提高我国零售业物流配送效率.在我国零售业态下具体实行何种共同配送模式,可依据选择共同配送模式的决策参考模型,并结合具体情况做出决定.     

Remaining life estimation of used components in consumer products: Life cycle data analysis by Weibull and artificial neural networks

Environmental awareness and legislative pressures have made manufacturers responsible for the take-back and end-of-life treatment of their products. To competitively exploit these products, one option is to incorporate used components in “new” or remanufactured products. However, this option is partly limited by a firm's ability to assess the reliability of used components. A comprehensive two-step approach is proposed. The first stage phase statistically analyzes the behavior of components for reuse. A well-known reliability assessment method, the Weibull analysis, is applied to the time-to-failure data to assess the mean life of components. In the second phase, the degradation and condition monitoring data are analyzed by developing an artificial neural network (ANN) model. The advantages of this approach over traditional approaches employing multiple regression analysis are highlighted with empirical data from a consumer product. Finally, the Weibull analysis and the ANN model are then integrated to assess the remaining useful life of components for reuse. This is a critical advance in sustainable management of supply chains since it allows for a better understanding of not only service requirements of product, but the remaining life in a product and hence its suitability for reuse or remanufacture. Future work should assess: (1) reduction in downtime of process equipment through the implementation of this technique as a means to better manage preventative maintenance; (2) reduce field failure of remanufactured product; (3) selling-service strategy through implementation of the proposed methodology.     

建立城市环境卫生长效管理机制

当前各地在改善城市环境卫生中常常不能持久稳定。作者根据实践经验 ,提出建立城市环境卫生长效管理运行机制 :由行政推动转向依法管理 ;由多头管理转向专业管理 ;由政府统包向市场运作转变。     

长大隧道洞口浅埋段施工技术

京包高速公路德胜口隧道出口段为大跨浅埋软弱围岩段,选用合适的进洞方案对保证隧道施工安全和快速进洞有重要意义,文章就该条件下隧道洞口段进洞施工方案进行介绍。     

长期筹资科学化的初步探索--构建最佳资本结构模型

助计算机用定量方法快速有效的解决长期筹资决策问题是知识经济时代对企业的必然要求。最佳资本结构模型用计算机运筹学的方法来决策不同筹资方式的最优筹资额，以帮助企业实现长期筹资目标同时也是财务管理最终目标——企业价值最大化。     

中国遭受反倾销的现状分析及法律对策

中国加入世界贸易组织后，外国对我国出口产品的反倾销指控越演越烈，已经成为我国对外贸易发展的实质性障碍。其原因是多方面的，既有我国产业结构自身的原因，也有法规建设滞后、企业应诉消极等原因。我国应对国外反倾销指控的法律对策是应该在WTO法律框架下尽快完善《反倾销条例》和相关的部门法，健全反倾销应诉机制。