采用闭环双口RAM实现深空动态模拟源的设计

深空探测具有时延长、运动速度大以及信号强度低的技术难点。在对上述技术难点进 行分析的基础上,提出了对深空动态模拟的解决办法：通过利用闭环双口RAM来解决模拟时 延较长的问题;改变读出双口RAM数据的速率来模拟卫星的运动速度;控制数控衰减器来模 拟深空的信号强度。实际的工程应用证明上述实现方法有效可行。     

Dynamic land use and land cover changes and their effect on forest resources in a coastal village of Matemwe,Zanzibar, Tanzania

Recent land cover change estimates show overall decline of tropical forests at the regional and global scales caused by multiple social, cultural and economic factors. There is an overall concern on the prevailing land use practices, such as shifting cultivation and extraction of forest materials as agents of forests losses, but also new, emerging land uses are threatening tropical forests. Understanding of the long-term development and driving forces of forest changes are needed, especially at local levels where many decisions on forest policies and land uses are made. This paper addresses the importance of such information for improved estimates of forest dynamics by studying local level land cover and land use changes during the last 50–70 years in the Eastern African tropical island of Zanzibar, Tanzania. The paper discusses the role of traditional and new land uses mainly subsistence farming, tourism and government interference through tree planting, in the long-term development of the forests at the village level. The material for the study is gathered from the interpretation of archival maps and aerial photographs combined with contemporary digital aerial photographs. The analyses are based on the mapping, spatial sampling and spatio-temporal change trajectory analysis (LCTA) of forest land cover, forest land uses and settlement patterns with GIS and statistics. Six distinct forest land cover change trajectories were identified and these illustrate dynamic and heterogeneous nature of the forests. Closed forest cover has dominated throughout due to cyclical land use patterns, but over 70% of the land area has been continuously transforming between closed, semi-open and open land cover conditions. Land use turnover rates indicate that hardly any forest areas are left untouched from the forces, which remove and re-establish forest vegetation in the long run. Land cover and land use change trajectories are spatially fragmented in the studied landscape. Majority of forest loss-gain dynamics is caused by shifting cultivation, while forest losses are most dramatic along the coast, where traditional and new land uses meet and land uses pressures are highest. The study suggests that landscape change trajectory analyses, where contemporary and historical information on land uses and land cover changes are spatially linked, can provide valuable aspects into local level forest land use planning and management strategies. For the case study, the findings suggest the following key forest management strategies for consideration: (1) establishment of a protected forest/scrubland in participation with the local stakeholders, especially the farmers, (2) promotion of areas for permanent agricultural practices, while simultaneously introducing management controls in the traditional slash-and-burn farming areas, and (3) promoting new livelihood opportunities for the farmers, who have traditionally been dependent on forest resources, meanwhile introducing alternatives for fuel wood for cooking.     

瞬变电磁法在引水隧洞超前预报中的应用

涌(突)水是水利工程引水隧洞施工过程中常见的地质灾害之一,查明掌子面前方富水异常区域的的分布特征是引水隧洞超前预报工作的重要内容.本文结合工程实例介绍了瞬变电磁探测技术在引水隧洞超前预报中的探测和数据处理,表明瞬变电磁法是一种高效的引水隧洞超前预报探测方法,为水利工程引水隧洞施工工作提供有效的技术支撑.     

电感型接近开关在皮带机欠速检测中的应用

本文采用电感型接近开关,设计了一种用于检测皮带机带速的保护开关,实现了皮带机的欠速保护,并在日照港裕廊股份有限公司皮带机中成功应用。     

转基因食品检测技术的相关研究

基因工程是生物工程的一个重要分支,是在分子水平对基因进行技术改造,将外部基因经体外重组导入至受体细胞中,使基因可以在受体细胞内进行复制、转录与翻译。经过基因技术的不断发展和改造,转入的基因能够稳定遗传,表达出新产物或新性状。转基因食品为人们的生活带来了更多选择,特别是植物性转基因食品的出现。DNA重组技术与细胞融合技术相结合,可以培育出高蛋白、生长速度快的改良植物。但人们对转基因食品的安全问题也更加重视,转基因食品是否真的安全无隐患,还需要深入研究和认证。     

基于显著区域提取的红外图像舰船目标检测

针对复杂海面背景下红外图像舰船目标由于灰度不均匀、海杂波干扰大等因素造成的自动检测虚警率高、准确率低的问题,提出了一种显著区域提取和目标精确分割相结合的红外舰船目标检测方法。首先,利用基于图论的视觉显著性(Graph-based Visual Saliency ,GBVS)模型计算待检测图像的显著图,使得目标区域信息增强;其次,结合舰船目标先验信息（长短轴、面积等）,利用多级阈值划分算法提取关注的显著区域,并确定原图中候选目标区域;最后,利用空间约束模糊C均值(Fuzzy C-Means,FCM)算法对候选区域进行分割,结合目标先验知识对分割区域筛选并输出目标位置。所提方法在公开数据集IRShips上与相关方法进行比较,结果表明,相比直接进行全图目标搜索的方法,所提方法不仅准确率高、执行速度快,且检测目标的位置更加精确。     

智能型面积测量仪

提出1种以MCS-51单片机为核心,集微电子、光电检测及电感检测技术为一体的面积测量方法,介绍了它的设计、组成和故障诊断方法,指出其采用容错技术、自校正技术和抗干扰技术后具有测量精度高、性能价格比高等特点,且少量传感器出现故障时不影响测量精度,适用于测量皮革及其他不规则片状物体的面积。     

通信机房设备故障集中声光报警系统的研制

研制了一个故障集中声光报警系统，以80C196KC单片机为核心，主要包括三部分：信号检测电路、单片机最小系统和故障报警电路。运行结果表明：该系统具有可靠性高、功能强、成本低、维护方便等特点。文中给出了系统框图、硬件电路及软件程序流程图。     

一种针对压缩域信号的新型锁相环技术

针对通信信号压缩采样获得的压缩域信号频率、相位提取问题,提出了一种基于压缩感知的新型锁相环技术。通过深入研究压缩域的信号估计问题,提出了压缩域锁相环路,可以直接在压缩域同步跟踪信号频率和相位变化,不再需要高复杂度的信号重构处理。分析了环路模型及其估计性能,并针对该锁相环可行性和性能分别进行了仿真实验。仿真结果不仅验证了压缩域锁相环的可行性,同时表明该环路能够实现高动态信号的高精度频率提取。压缩域锁相环的应用潜力较大,例如可以作为压缩感知通信接收机的同步解调方法。     

基于自适应分割算法的多跳频信号盲检测

传统的观点大都将跳频信号盲检测问题视为能量域的门限阈值问题,而从统计域来看,实际接收到的跳频信号是在一些未知时刻突变而在这些时刻之间保持统计平稳性的分段平稳随机信号,那么基于非平稳时间序列的各种突变检测算法就可以引入其中。分析了当前跳频突变通信信号的统计特性,给出了其高阶分段平稳的模型。将Bemaola-Galan（BG）提出的自适应分割算法推导到高阶,并将其成功应用于多个跳频突发信号盲检测和自适应提取中。仿真结果表明,该算法不需要任何先验信息,能够有效检测和提取多个突发通信信号,且性能优于传统的能量检测法。