对低收入者住房问题的研究

2011年是极不寻常的一年。世界经济出现大变局,中国经济开始大调整后,中国经济面临大挑战。在地震频繁爆发,世界经济大幅度动荡的情形下,中国也在汶川.青海.云南之后,物价持续上涨,从而也在一定程度上影响着房地产事业。而占社会群体绝大多数的低收入者对此次的感受从某种意义上来说更为深刻。前两年房价上涨过快,脱离了绝大多数老百姓的承受能力,低收入者的住房问题成为全社会关注的焦点,也成为了国家在民生方面的工作重点。从全国范围来看,住房保障建设还远未达到要求。最主要是各级政府重视不够,虽然出台一系列政策措施,但是对保障政策的具体落实执行情况远不尽如人意,无论在投入机制、配套措施、部分城市政府介入还是保障性住房供应量等方面有诸多问题。     

Injuries increase the amputee burden at the prosthesis centre: a 2-year retrospective survey of amputees in a low-income setting

The aim of this study is to survey different types of injuries as the cause for prosthesis fitting in the Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (IPM&R). This retrospective chart review was conducted at the IPM&R at the Dow University of Health Sciences, from the year 2007 till 2009. We selected all amputees who got enrolled in our institute for prosthesis fitting with major amputations, during the above mentioned period of time. Informed verbal consent was taken from each patient before recording their data at the IPM&R. Anonymity has been maintained. Data for this study was collected through a structured questionnaire, variables included: gender, age, town of origin, cause of amputation, level of amputation, limb involvement (unilateral or bilateral), level and causes of amputations. The data entry and analysis were done on SPSS (Statistical Package of Social Sciences) version 16.0. Of the amputee burden of our study, 55.9% was due to trauma, which is a preventable cause of disability. This is mostly affecting men in the productive age group. New strategies need to be devised in order to alleviate the burden of amputations resulting from preventable injuries.     

Proposal for a Contingency Debt Sustainability Framework

We argue that the New Debt Sustainability Framework (NDSF) of the World Bank and IMF is centered on the Country Policy and Institutional Assessment (CPIA) to suit the aid allocation mechanism of the International Development Association (IDA), but fails to deal effectively with the economic vulnerability of low-income countries. Instead, we propose a Contingency Debt Sustainability Framework (CDSF), which identifies the sources of vulnerability and compensates for exogenous shock and trend factors. Without giving rise to significant moral hazard implications, the CDSF is thus suitable to effectively shield low-income countries from the main external causes undermining their achievement of debt sustainability.     

城市中低收入者的被动郊区化

旨在对被动郊区化现象进行探讨,提出了被动郊区化的概念以及回顾了其发展状况;重点分析了我国当前中低收入者被动郊区化的成因,主要包括城市空间扩张、城市土地功能置换、大规模保障性住房建设三个方面;总结了被动郊区化可能带来的影响,即原有社区的解体,同质住区的分异等;最后提出了调控中低收入者被动郊区化的对策和措施。     

基金家族的竞争对股票市场流动性与波动性的影响

本文以54只基金重仑股和193只开放式基金为研究对象,构造基金家族的竞争特征变量因子,运用截面时间序列回归法实证检验了基金家族的竞争对股票市场流动性与波动性所产生的影响.结果表明,在绝对差别与标准差别两种情况下,基金规模、投资者的风险容忍度不能充分解释股票市场的漉动性,与股票市场波动性的关系不显著；基金所在家族的基金数量、投资者需求、基金获得的信息、基金经理的风险容忍度与股票市场流动性关系显著.从总体上来看,基金的特征变量在某种程度上推动股票市场"共同运动",股票市场的漉动性与波动性对基金的特征变量因子的反应不具有明显的持续性.     

新型农村合作医疗基本模式创新探析

现行农村合作医疗是中央、地方政府和农户个人多方筹资,以大病统筹为主、农民自愿参加的医疗互助共济组织,自建立以来取得了不少成绩但也存在很多问题．特别是制度设计方式和原则上还有可改进的空间,鉴于此,文章提出了适度强制、分区类指导、以户参保、动态管理全新的新型农村合作医疗模式。     

结构性减税与扩张政府支出的宏观经济效应

为了深入研究不同类型财政政策对宏观经济的影响效应，本文构建纳入异质性家庭和细化财税工具的新凯恩斯DSGE模型，并着重模拟分析了不同类型财政政策冲击对居民消费、私人投资、通胀率以及总产出水平的动态影响效应。研究结果表明，不同类型财税工具对宏观经济的冲击效果存在显著差异，对于税收政策，劳动收入税减税能够有助于提升消费水平和消费需求，并调节和完善消费结构；而对于政府支出政策，转移支付规模的扩张通过刺激家庭消费，引导消费内需有效提升，从而带动经济增长方式由投资驱动型向消费驱动型转变，进而推动经济高质量发展。     

农村老年人代际经济反馈的影响因素分析——基于CHARLS全国基线调查数据

农村老年人代际经济反馈是本土化家庭养老研究领域的重要问题。论文运用"中国健康与养老追踪调查"(CHARLS)全国基线数据,以亲子两代分居家庭为研究对象,通过非条件logistic模型,分析了微观领域影响农村老年人代际经济反馈的因素。研究结果表明:在个体因素层面,年龄对代际经济反馈呈现正向显著性影响,受教育程度则为负向显著性影响;在家庭因素层面,子女数量以及对孙辈的投资状况等因素对农村老年人代际经济反馈存在着正向显著性影响。基于数据结果,论文提出了加强对农村高龄老年人的关注、加快农村养老制度建设以及积极提升家庭发展能力等对策。     

城镇低收入人群社会保障供给测算模型及应用

以我国现行社会保障制度为依据,本文建立了城镇低收入人群社会保障供给的分析框架;基于城镇低收入人群社会保障供给系统的内在关系,运用微元分析法构建城镇低收入人群社会保障供给测算模型;并运用陕西省经验数据进行实证研究,结果表明陕西省城镇低收入人群社会保障供给以年均19.51%的增长速度从1997年的5.96亿元增长至2020年的429.63亿元,证明了模型的有效性。     

Becoming respectable: low-income young mothers,consumption and the pursuit of value

Teenage mothers find themselves caught between two discourses: the irresponsibility of youth and the responsibility of motherhood. We unravel some of the complexities surrounding the performance of socially approved ‘good mothering’, from a social position of restricted resources. We demonstrate the relevance of Skeggs’ notion of respectability in order to forge a deeper understanding of how young, low-income new mothers seek to secure social value and legitimacy via the marketplace. We identify a number of consumption strategies centred around identification and dis-identification, yet we recognise that young mothers’ careful marshalling of resources, in relation to consumption, risks being misread and could leave young women open to further scrutiny and negative evaluation, ultimately limiting their opportunity to secure a legitimate maternal identity.