我国标准化与价格贸易条件的实证研究

价格贸易条件是衡量贸易利益变动的重要指标,标准作为国际贸易中越来越重要的因素之一,必将对其产生重要的影响。本文以1990-2007年我国的的数据为基础,进行实证分析,结果表明:在长期中,标准是改善价格贸易条件的重要因素。     

Agriculture's terms of trade: issues and implications

The article addresses (1) the issue of what agricultural commodity prices should be compared to if we are concerned with the welfare of agriculturalists, (2) the general absence of product quality adjustment when analysis is undertaken comparing agricultural to manufactured goods prices, (3) the extent to which energy prices are or will be the driver of both manufactured and agricultural prices, and (4) the importance of considering agriculture's terms of trade (TOT) against the service sector, since the service sector is typically the largest in the economy. It reflects on the basic question of whether the widespread perception “that agriculture's TOT secularly decline” is correct.     

反不正当竞争法及其他

我国现行反不正当竞争法对不正当竞争行为的规定缺少一般性条款,在具体条款的规定上也存在着不完善之处。修改本法可以借鉴建立世界知识产权组织公约以及欧洲国家和美国的先进做法。     

贸易条件变动、技术进步与产业结构效益——基于跨国面板数据的分析

本文基于技术视角,将贸易产品从不同技术层级分为5类,并采取工业技术进步率和高技术工业产品出口竞争力衡量工业产业结构效益。同时,利用15个国家1987-2008年的相关数据,实证检验了不同技术层级产品贸易条件变动对工业产业结构效益的影响。结果表明:初级产品贸易条件改善对工业产业结构效益具有负效应;而资源性产品和高技术产品贸易条件改善对工业产业结构效益具有正效应;低技术产品贸易条件改善提高了工业技术进步率却削弱高技术工业产品出口竞争力;中等技术产品贸易条件改善对发展中国家及新型工业化国家工业产业结构效益具有正效应,但削弱了发达国家高技术工业产品的出口竞争力。     

我国贸易条件变动对经济增长影响的实证分析

本文根据我国1980-2006年的数据对价格贸易条件、收入贸易条件与经济增长之间的关系进行了经验分析,主要结论有:从总体上看,价格贸易条件变化对我国的经济增长产生了负效应;经济增长与价格贸易条件、收入贸易条件之间存在着稳定的长期均衡关系,但是价格贸易条件对经济增长的影响不显著,收入贸易条件对经济增长的影响也不是非常显著;格兰杰因果检验、脉冲响应和方差分解也都验证了协整分析的结果。     

Work Values of Turkish and American University Students

The first aim of this paper was to investigate how the traditional Protestant work ethic (PWE) and more contemporary work values (i.e., masculine, feminine, and entrepreneurship values) were related to one another, and differed across genders and two cultural contexts, namely Turkey and the U.S. The second aim was to elucidate the role of religiosity in PWE among the two cultural groups. Two hundred and sixty six American and 211 Turkish university students participated in this questionnaire study. The analyses examining cross-cultural differences revealed that Turkish university students reported greater scores in the PWE and all contemporary work values as compared to their American counterparts. For the Turkish sample, there were no gender-related differences in the PWE, whereas in the U.S. sample, men reported greater PWE scores than did women. With regard to gender differences in contemporary work values, our results showed that gender groups differed in feminine and entrepreneurship values in both cultural contexts; men emphasized femininity and entrepreneurship more than women in Turkey but the reverse was true in the U.S. Correlations between contemporary work values and the PWE illustrated that the PWE is associated with entrepreneurship and masculine values in both cultural contexts and with feminine values in the Turkish context. Finally, our results regarding the role of religiosity in PWE indicated that highly religious participants reported greater PWE scores than the less religious ones regardless of culture. Findings are discussed with reference both to differences in the two socio-cultural contexts and to recent change in the social structure of Turkish society. Zahide Karakitapoğlu Aygu¨n received her Ph.D. in social psychology from Middle East Technical University Turkey. She is currently an assistant professor at Bilkent University, Faculty of Business Administration. Her research interests concern values, commitment and justice. Mahmut Arslan (BSc, MA, PhD) is an Associate Professor received his graduate degree from Hacettepe University Department of Public Finance. He completed a masters degree in Business Administration at Hacettepe University Department of Business Administration and his PhD in Business at University of Leeds (UK). He has worked as a financial analyst and a research assistant. Dr. Arslan has also worked for the several reorganization projects as analyst and coordinator. He became Assistant Professor in 2000 and Associate Professor in 2003 at Hacettepe University Department of Business Administration. He teaches management and business ethics, organizational behaviour. He is also the director of Hacettepe University Centre for Business and Professional Ethics. Dr. Col. Salih Gu¨ney is an Associate Professor graduated from Hacettepe University Department of Sociology in Ankara in 1980. He received master's degree in behavioral sciences from the University of Istanbul, Faculty of Management in 1987. He finished his doctoral studies in behavioral sciences at the same university and received his PhD in 1988. He became an associated professor in 1997. He is currently the head of the behavioral sciences branch in the Turkish Military Academy. He teaches behavioral sciences, communication theory, introduction to sociology, and public relations at the Military Academy.     

对《物流术语》中托盘概念的商榷

托盘是物流中使用广泛的集装单元器具,在物流系统中发挥着重要作用。本文从我国物流生产中使用的托盘类别介绍入手,分析了在我国广泛使用的五种托盘的结构特点、使用场合和各自优缺点,主要分析和研究了《物流术语》中托盘概念描述的准确之处和欠缺之处,对于物流行业标准提出了质疑,本文必将对进一步准确界定什么是托盘起到积极的推进作用。     

不再沉默——从欧茨笔下的莫琳形象看女性话语权

在这个男权社会中,男性话语是主导,而女性话语权一直被压抑着。女人只能以男人的声音说话,或是干脆处于“失声”状态。针对这一现象,通过对欧茨的代表作《他们》中的莫琳形象进行深入分析,探讨生活在男权淫威之下的女性寻求自我声音,获取自我身份的艰难历程。     

Country terms of trade: trends,unit roots,over-differencing,endogeneity, time dummies,and heterogeneity

The debate about the Prebisch-Singer thesis has focused on primary commodities with some extensions to manufactures. We analyse trends in country terms-of-trade for goods and services rather than those for commodities according to the World Bank income classification. We find that the natural logarithm of the terms of trade for all groups except for the poorest has common unit roots, but none has individual unit roots. As low-income countries have no unit roots over-differencing is inefficient and biases significance levels in first differences against the fall in the terms of trade. For the low-income countries the terms of trade of goods and services are falling at a rate that is significantly negative without and with endogeneity treatment by system GMM. A comprehensive analysis of the effects of time dummies supports the result of falling terms of trade for low-income countries. When all coefficients are country-specific 50% of all low-income countries have falling terms of trade in a simultaneous equation estimation using the SUR method. Food and financial crisis have no effect on the number of countries with falling terms of trade, but (dis-)improve the terms of trade or the significance of the results for a very small number of countries.     

股权激励、契约异质性与实体企业金融化

从股权激励视角切入,利用2008—2019年沪深A股上市公司的经验数据,探究股权激励对企业金融化的影响。研究发现：从整体上看,股权激励会抑制企业金融化。基于微观契约层面,股权激励强度越大,股权激励对企业金融化的抑制程度越大;相较于限制性股票,股票期权对企业金融化的抑制程度更大;只有激励期限较长的股权激励才会抑制企业金融化。作用机制检验表明,股权激励会降低股东与管理层之间的代理成本、缓解融资约束进而抑制企业金融化。研究结论有助于充实和深化股权激励与企业金融化关系研究,也为从公司内部治理层面防范和化解实体经济风险提供证据支持。