股权激励、契约异质性与实体企业金融化

从股权激励视角切入,利用2008—2019年沪深A股上市公司的经验数据,探究股权激励对企业金融化的影响。研究发现：从整体上看,股权激励会抑制企业金融化。基于微观契约层面,股权激励强度越大,股权激励对企业金融化的抑制程度越大;相较于限制性股票,股票期权对企业金融化的抑制程度更大;只有激励期限较长的股权激励才会抑制企业金融化。作用机制检验表明,股权激励会降低股东与管理层之间的代理成本、缓解融资约束进而抑制企业金融化。研究结论有助于充实和深化股权激励与企业金融化关系研究,也为从公司内部治理层面防范和化解实体经济风险提供证据支持。     

Public Debt,Terms of Trade and Welfare: The Role of Capital Production Shares,External Balances,and Dynamic (In)efficiency

In view of still large external imbalances across the world economy and dramatically risen public debts in major advanced economies, this paper reconsiders the relationship between public debt, the terms of trade and welfare in a two-good, two-country overlapping generations model with technological differences across countries. We find that the terms of trade effect of a public debt shock depends only on international differences in capital production shares and the dynamic (in)efficiency of the world economy. As in a model with similar capital production shares, domestic welfare rises and foreign welfare decreases when Home has a positive external balance and the Golden Rule holds. Under dynamic efficiency, welfare decreases in the debt-expanding, net foreign creditor country if she has a relatively smaller capital production share, and if the welfare effect through the accumulation channel is negative. In contrast, under dynamic inefficiency she can increase her welfare by debt expansion.     

The cointegrated vector autoregressive model with general deterministic terms

In the cointegrated vector autoregression (CVAR) literature, deterministic terms have until now been analyzed on a case-by-case, or as-needed basis. We give a comprehensive unified treatment of deterministic terms in the additive model $X_t=\gamma Z_t+Y_t$, where $Z_t$ belongs to a large class of deterministic regressors and $Y_t$ is a zero-mean CVAR. We suggest an extended model that can be estimated by reduced rank regression, and give a condition for when the additive and extended models are asymptotically equivalent, as well as an algorithm for deriving the additive model parameters from the extended model parameters. We derive asymptotic properties of the maximum likelihood estimators and discuss tests for rank and tests on the deterministic terms. In particular, we give conditions under which the estimators are asymptotically (mixed) Gaussian, such that associated tests are ${\chi }^2$-distributed.     

Effects of Transport Regulation on the Oil Market: Does Market Power Matter?

Instruments used to regulate the consumption of oil in the transport sector include fuel taxes, biofuel requirements, and fuel‐efficiency standards. However, the effects that these have on oil consumption and price vary. If market power is present in the oil market, the directions of change in consumption and price might contrast with those in a competitive market. As a result, the market structure affects not only the effectiveness of the policy instruments used to reduce oil consumption, but also the terms of trade and carbon leakage. In particular, reduced oil consumption, as a result of increased fuel‐efficiency standards, will unambiguously increase the price of oil under a monopoly.     

《圣经》的性别中性化英译及其论争

受西方女性主义影响,《圣经》英译表现出对语言性别政治的关注,出现了性别中性化翻译的新实践。译者们对《圣经》原文中的、或传统译本中的用于泛指的阳性词语予以系统的中性化处理,使新译本呈现出独特的文本形态,但也由此引发了激烈的论争,性别中性化翻译是否适用于《圣经》、中性语言能否准确地表达原意正成为人们关注的焦点。     

发展中国家贸易条件波动探析——基于相关文献的回顾

长期以来,在贸易条件研究方面,理论界主要关注于贸易条件的变动趋势,而对其波动现象重视不够。文章首先分析了发展中国家贸易条件波动的原因,然后具体探讨了贸易条件波动对发展中国家宏观经济的影响,最后提出了发展中国家的应对策略。     

税务代理制度建构与税收通则法条文设计

税务代理涉及纳税主体权利保护、征税主体的行政效率以及一国税制的有效运行和完善,我国《税收基本法（税收通则法）》应该对其加以规范,学者对此也有不同建言。文章通过对税务代理制度建构的法理分析,对照典型国家税务代理立法例,分析了我国现有税务代理制度运行中存在的主要矛盾和问题,提出了完善我国税务代理制度的建议,并拟订了《税收基本法（税收通则法）》有关税务代理的具体条款。     

North–South terms‐of‐trade trends from 1960 to 2006

The composition of exports of developing countries is increasingly dominated by manufactured goods. This has not changed the fact that their major trading partners continue to be the developed countries. In order to properly assess the distribution of gains from trade, there is a pressing need to analyze the movements in the terms of trade of developing countries with respect to the developed ones. A statistical analysis of the North–South terms of trade reveals that the terms of trade have turned against the South since the 1960s. However, the terms‐of‐trade deterioration is neither continuous nor evenly distributed over different country groupings. The existence of a structural break in the mid‐to‐late 1970s together with the greatest adverse terms‐of‐trade movements against the highly indebted and least developed countries attest the discontinuity and unevenness of this process.     

浅析债转股对企业改革的影响

债权转股权是金融资产管理公司作为投资主体,将商业银行原有的不良信贷资产转为金融管理公司对企业的股权．以及国家开发银行对企业的股权,是由原来的债权债务关系,转变为金融资产管理公司和国家开发银行与实施债权转股权企业之间的持股与被持股或控股与被控股的关系。但是,并非所有国有企业都符合债转股条件,债转股对具体企业也不是都有利。影响转股的因素最重要的是转债条款。     

谈国际贸易术语的实际运用

本文针对高职经济类专业学生如何学好《进出口贸易实务》课程强调:理解,不死记硬背和生搬硬套;理论联系实 际;与市场接轨,与"灰领"接轨。