中国西部大学生旅游消费现状调查和对策——以宝鸡市为例

目的:总结西部大学生旅游消费的特点,并据此提出可行的对策;方法:运用问卷调查的方法;过程:以宝鸡市部分在校大学生为研究对象,分析他们旅游意向、旅游时间和地点、旅游消费方式、旅游经费来源、旅游消费结构和旅游消费行为的影响;结论:有以下几点:①大部分大学生打算去旅游,从来没有打算去旅游的人主要是来自农村的学生,主要经济原因;②大学生旅游的目的主要是休闲散心,增长见闻,所以选择的景点主要是自然风景区和民族风情区;③大学生大都选择寒暑假出游;④大学生更愿意与情侣出游,很少人选择与父母出游,而且倾向于自助游;⑤大学生旅游花费来源主要来自父母。     

重庆农村居民收入与消费的实证分析

收入是决定居民消费需求的基本因素。文章采用1985—2007年的年度统计数据,对重庆农村居民人均年纯收入与消费支出的数据进行了协整分析,得出了两者之间存在着长期稳定均衡关系的结论,由此对收入与消费建立了误差修正模型。该模型不仅描述了收入与消费的长期均衡关系,而且也描述了收入与消费的短期波动调整关系。     

云南省居民消费、投资与经济增长的协整分析

本文根据1985～2005年的数据,运用协整理论、Granger因果关系检验等计量方法,对云南省居民消费、固定资产投资与经济增长之间的关系进行了实证分析,并在此基础上,提出了相应的政策建议。     

我国公共医疗卫生支出绩效分析

近年来,我国卫生总费用的绝对数每年都在上升,但政府预算的公共卫生支出所占比重却逐年减少,与其他国家相比显得总量不足。本文分别从经济、公平、效率三个方面对绩效进行分析,说明我国公共卫生支出的绩效不容乐观,必须重新审视公共卫生支出规模与结构,重新思考应该如何分配有限的资源,提高全民福利水平。     

转变经济增长方式——基于VAR和VEC模型的实证研究

结合当前有效需求不足的现状,运用VAR和VEC模型建立了消费、投资与GDP的经济计量模型,分析了建国以来消费、投资对经济增长的影响,得出当前提高消费是优化和促进经济较快增长的重要方式。目前我国投资的提升空间有限,依靠扩大投资总量的政策措施刺激经济增长的余地不大;而通过刺激最终消费、促进消费结构升级,对促进经济增长的作用日益显现。     

南京市居民消费结构变动趋势分析

居民消费结构是反映人民生活质量变化和社会经济状况改善的一个重要指标。对居民消费结构的特征和变动趋势进行分析,既能把握居民消费变化的规律和发展趋势,又能为宏观经济管理和微观经济决策提供依据,无疑具有十分重要的理论意义和现实意义。本文使用SPSS13．0统计分析软件对南京市居民的消费进行统计分析,以期把握南京市居民的消费变化规律和发展趋势。     

四川城镇居民消费结构量化分析及对策研究

在用扩展线性支出系统对2005年四川省城镇居民消费结构进行分析的基础上,针对四川省城镇居民现阶段消费结构的特点,提出优化消费结构的建议及对策。     

Personality and older consumers’ green behaviour in the UK

The UK government has set an ambitious target of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 80% before 2050. An interesting segment that could help to achieve this is older consumers, due to their growing numbers. There seems to be a lack of attention, in the research looking specifically at different age categories of older consumers’ green behaviour, and whether their level of greenness can be explained by their personality. Using Socioemotional Selectivity Theory and Time Perspective, the research presented here was designed to provide an exploratory analysis of how the green behaviour of older consumers is explained by their personality types. Based on the responses of 204 older consumers in the UK, our results find the openness personality trait to be positively linked to green behaviour, whilst the extraversion personality trait is negatively related to green behaviour. Although the level of green behaviour increased with older consumers’ age, this did not reach significance.     

Vegetarian Utopias: Visions of dietary patterns in future societies and support for social change

The current study draws on the collective futures framework to examine how visions of future societies where most people consume plant-based, vegetarian or vegan diets are related to current support for social change towards plant-based diets. Participants were 506 university students in Aotearoa New Zealand invited to imagine a society in 2050 where most individuals consume a plant-based, vegetarian, or vegan diet. A thematic analysis was conducted on responses to an open-ended item asking how these future societies would be different to today. Participants reported a variety of potential positive and negative outcomes for individuals and wider society. Subsequent analyses of attitudes scales investigated the relationships between the collective dimensions of plant-based future societies and support for policies to promote plant-based diets. For a vegetarian future, the strongest predictor of current support for social change was the expectation that widespread vegetarianism would reduce societal dysfunction. For a vegan future, the strongest predictor of support for social change was an expectation of increased warmth in a vegan society. Implications for theory and advocacy are discussed.     

Non-stationary additive utility and time consistency

Within a continuous time life cycle model of consumption and savings, I study the properties of the most general class of additive intertemporal utility functionals. They are not necessarily stationary, and do not necessarily multiplicatively separate a discount factor from “per-period utility”. I prove rigorously that time consistency holds if and only if the per-period felicity function is multiplicatively separable in $t$, the date of decision and in $s$, the date of consumption, or equivalently, if the Fisherian instantaneous subjective discount rate does not depend on $t$. The model allows to explain “anomalies in intertemporal choice” even when the agents are time consistent and various empirical regularities. On the other hand, the model allows to characterize mathematically the “effective consumption profile” of naive, time-inconsistent agents.