三级生物质供应链的奖惩与回馈契约协调研究

为了优化生物质能供应链,降低成本,在无扰动因素情况,需求不确定且与价格有关的条件下,研究了由能源公司、基地和农户组成的三级生物质供应链中,奖惩与回馈契约对供应链的协调问题,建立了满足渠道协调的条件和供应链内各级参与者实现互赢的数学模型,最后将其用于数值算例中验证。结果证明契约参数的合理选择可以实现供应链各方利益最大。     

Analysis of Shared and Sustainable Value Creation of Companies Providing Energy Solutions at the Base of the Pyramid (BoP)

This study was conducted to analyze the shared and sustainable value creation (SSVC) of 33 energy companies selling energy solutions at the base of the pyramid (BoP) markets. SSVC by selling energy technology solutions directed to address the cooking and lighting needs of BoP consumers were the main focus of analysis. Result showed that achieving profitability and affordability is affected by the kind of energy solution that is offered as well as the investment and level of commitment required. However, companies that fulfilled the profitable and affordable solutions were also able to deliver social and environmental sustainability benefits. Social sustainability benefits point to the ability of alleviating poverty by improving productivity or offering cost‐savings. Environmental sustainability benefits point to the energy savings. The findings show that inclusive business strategy is not necessarily required to reach the poor people profitably but a suitable business strategy depends on the type of energy solution. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

高职院校计算机应用基础课程教学改革与实践

本文结合作者的实际教学体会,对计算机应用基础课程改革的方法进行了有益的探讨,指出了传统计算机应用基础课程教学中存在的弊端,并针对这些问题在改变教学模式、改进教学方法等方面提出了具体的对策。     

浅谈经济法视角下青海藏区乳业经济的发展

随着市场经济的快速发展,社会日益复杂化,科技的发展极大地改善了人们的生活条件和生活质量的同时对人们的生存又带来了前所未有的威胁。作为社会经济细胞的经济活动主体---企业,在推动社会经济发展做出贡献的同时,由于其＂经济人＂的天性,在市场竞争中,往往驱使其为追逐利润而沦丧商业道德,致使侵犯消费者权益的事件频发。这不仅阻碍了企业的发展和存续,严重影响了地方行业经济的发展,扰乱了经济秩序,又破坏了市场经济的有序运行。本文通过对乳业食品安全事件成因的深入分析,结合青海乳业经济现状,从经济法的角度提出完善青海省乳业经济发展的建言,以促进青海省乳业经济的健康、有序发展。     

水泥稳定级配碎石基层的施工质量控制

本文重点论述了水泥稳定级配碎石基层的强度机理、混合料的材料特性及对材料的要求。通过工程的实践总结了水泥稳定级配碎石基层施工管理、质量检验的相关经验。通过交流可提高我国水泥稳定级配砂砾基层施工的质量控制经验。     

自然资源物权化的困境与出路

自然资源作为资源的重要组成部分进入民法调整范围已成为共识,然而无论是目前物权立法,还是学界提出的各种理论,都存在其固有的弊病而无以胜任自然资源物权化的要求。自然资源形态多样,性质各异,这不仅是造成我国目前自然资源立法体系混乱的重要原因,也是自然资源物权化的重大难题和挑战。针对这些难题与挑战,应当更新自然资源立法理念,摒弃传统以行政手段统管自然资源管理、配置和保护的观念,恢复自然资源作为私权客体的本质,以物权法为中心建立自然资源法律体系,确立包容性的基本原则指导自然资源立法,统筹兼顾,实现既符合理论又契合实际的自然资源物权化。     

Expert systems and land development expertise

Summary

Expert systems are a product of the new technology. They provide the means for computerizing human expertise. This necessitates a more explicit understanding of the latter, provides an additional source of it and presents the possibility of enhancing the competence of that expertise. The paper argues that in the face of increased competition for investment funds the development industry needs to adopt a more sophisticated approach to project assessment. Two examples, with respect to planning law and retail investment appraisal, are developed to indicate the potential of the expert system approach. Ultimately expert systems challenge appeals to ‘feel’, ‘experience’ and judgement’ in human decision‐making; if successful, however, they promise improved profitability.     

底部框架结构的设计要点

文章分析了底部框架结构的特点，介绍了底部框架结构设计的要点。     

浅谈变电站HGIS设备基础施工方法

500千伏变电站工程中，所有设备基础均采用清水混凝土工艺，阳角均进行倒圆角。在屋外配电装置单位工程中，共有9座HGIS基础，HGIS基础上预埋2条10mm厚100man宽1600mm长的预埋件。HGIS基础施工的重点和难点是确保预埋件平整和标高准确，其上安装的是组合电器设备，因此应采取措施，使得HGIS设备基础内实外光、棱角顺直、预埋件平整、标高精确，使其成为变电站工程中的一个亮点。