Nonpoint Source Pollution Taxes and Excessive Tax Burden

If a regulator is unable to measure firms’ individual emissions, an ambient tax can be used to achieve the socially desired level of pollution. With this tax, each firm pays a unit tax on aggregate emissions. In order for the tax to be effective, firms must recognize that their decisions affect aggregate emissions. When firms behave strategically with respect to the tax-setting regulator, under plausible circumstances their tax burden is lower under an ambient tax, relative to the tax which charges firms on the basis of individual emissions. Firms may prefer the case where the regulator is unable to observe individual firm emissions, even if this asymmetric information causes the regulator to tax each firm on the basis of aggregate emissions.     

投保人与保险人博弈关系分析

博弈论是研究信息不对称问题的一种有效方法 ,其广泛应用于军事、政治、经济等领域。保险业作为信息不对称最为集中的行业 ,投保人与保险人之间的信息不对称现象尤为突出 ,道德风险也极易发生。如何用博弈理论与方法分析这些信息不对称问题 ,并据此提出切实可行的解决方法 ,已成为保险界日益关注的问题。     

新农村建设与经济发展模式重建

建设社会主义新农村,既是推动和促进我国农村经济和现代农业发展的必由之路,也是进一步加快我国整个国民经济增长和全面提高经济发展与社会进步综合效益的一个重要方面,并在促进和实现我国经济社会发展的地域构造与产业配置结构以及资源开发利用模式的有效转变与重建方面具有十分重要的现实意义和深远的历史意义.     

道德的成本收益分析

利益为道德本质的内容 ,趋利行为是道德行为发生的机制。守德成本与收益 ,既有有形和无形的 ,也有个体和社会的。守德行为是其成本与收益关系权衡的结果。进行道德成本收益分析的目的在于建立有效的国家或社会、公民的道德机制。     

优化教育环境 发挥德育功能

德育与环境之间存在着紧密的联系,环境对于激发和形成个人的行为方式有很大影响.学校应不断建设、创造良好的教育环境,使德育教育收到更大的成效.     

Fiscal policy and fiscal reconstruction in Japan

This paper investigates the macroeconomic effect of fiscal policy and the fiscal reconstruction movement in Japan. I first summarize Japanese fiscal policy in the recent years and discuss sustainability of government deficits. Then, I investigate the macroeconomic effect of Japanese fiscal policy and evaluate the plausibility of the Keynesian and non-Keynesian effects. I also analyze political constraints in the fiscal reconstruction attempts and the possibility of crowding-in effect of fiscal reform. Finally, I discuss some measures for the successful fiscal reconstruction reform in the near future. JEL Code H30 · H60     

存款保险法律制度利弊之研究

存款保险法律制度是直接针对银行挤兑和破产倒闭而设计的,目的在于保护存款人的利益,增强公众对银行体系的信心,减少挤兑的可能性。我国建立该制度,将有利于维护金融安全,营造公平竞争的市场环境,完善银行的退出机制,从而提高金融业的效率。     

Genetic risk and value

A conceptual truth about risks is that they involve a possible and future adverse effect or a negative value of some kind. The genetic risks that individuals may face in the health care setting differ in some crucial respects to other kind of risks. The aims of this paper are to analyse the notion of value in the context of genetic risk in the setting of health care, and to suggest a conception of the evaluative aspect of genetic risk that is fruitful for genetic risk information. Two influential and relevant approaches to value, preferentialism and the capability approach, are discussed in the light of certain distinctive features of genetic risk and a third, a sensibility theory of value is suggested. According to this view, the concept of risk is a so-called ‘thick’ evaluative concept that has both a world-guiding function as well as an action-guiding or normative function. It is argued that this provides a more promising way to think about genetic risks in the clinical setting.     

浅谈公路改建设计

结合作者以往工作经验,对公路升级改建设计时应注意的问题做简单探讨。