叙事教育在高职教育中的反思——基于社会心理学的视野

叙事教育作为一种课程范式,在后现代知识观的今天得到了教育学者的普遍认可。叙事教育能够将后现代知识观倡导的知识的主观性、不确定性、价值性、多样性、丰富性、开放性、平等性等有机地统合于情境之中。然而当我们用心理学的知识去审视这些优点时,情境的控制、刺激与反应之间的不确定性、暗示等导致教育效能发挥等问题则成为了暴露在日常教育工作中的症结。该文用心理学的观点来分析将叙事教育这种模式真正转化成教育学中的工具性手段所面临的挑战,认为叙事教育在教育学中生机盎然且任重道远。     

An Analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility at Credit Line: A Narrative Approach

This article presents the results of an inductive, interpretive case study. We have adopted a narrative approach to the analysis of organizational processes in order to explore how individuals in a financial institution dealt with relatively novel issues of corporate social responsibility (CSR). The narratives that we reconstruct, which we label ‚idealism and altruism’, ‚economics and expedience’ and ‚ignorance and cynicism’ illustrate how people in the specific organizational context of a bank (‚Credit Line’¹) sought to cope with an attempt at narrative imposition. In particular, our work exemplifies how people in organizations draw on shared discursive resources in order to make sense of themselves and their organizations. We illustrate how many people within the bank found it hard to integrate the normative case for CSR with their version of a narrative identity which had, and continued to be, centred on economic imperatives for new initiatives. Our article demonstrates both the value of the analysis of shared narratives, and represents an attempt to deal adequately with the polyphony of organizational voices, in case studies of CSR. Michael Humphreys graduated with a B.Sc from Leeds University and took MBA and Ph.D. degrees at the University of Nottingham. He is currently an Associate Professor and Reader in organization studies an Nottingham University Business school. His research interests include ethnographic and narrative approaches to organizational identity in both public and private sector organizations. He has published work in a range of journals including: The Journal of Management Studies, Organization Studies, Organization, British Journal of Management, The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, The Journal of Organizational Change Management and Qualitative Inquiry. Andrew D. Brown took his MA at Christ Church, Oxford, and his M.Sc and Ph.D. degrees at the University of Sheffield. He held faculty positions at Manchester Business School, the University of Nottingham and the University of Cambridge, before taking up a Chair in Organization Studies at the University of Bath. His principal research interests are centred on issues of sensemaking, narrative and identity. He has published work in a range of scholarly journals, including Academy of Management Review, Journal of Management Studies, and Organization Studies.     

夏目漱石小说叙事美学一窥--细读夏目漱石小说《我是猫》

夏目漱石的《我是猫》巧妙地选取动物叙事视角，使文本取得陌生化的叙事效果；并通过游移于可靠与不可靠之间的叙述者“猫”来对其见闻和感受进行详尽的叙述和评判，引起读者对小说所述情节及社会现象的深思；小说还采用人猫互文的叙事策略，使人与猫的命运形成隐喻性同构，体现出独具一格的叙事艺术范式，具有深刻的艺术内涵和丰富的审美价值，凸显出夏目漱石在小说创作上的求异与创新精神。     

A needle in a hay stack: finding authenticity in local provenance at the John Hay Center,Salem, Indiana

Authenticity within heritage tourism continues to be a salient issue, especially in the context of small-scale rural sites that seek to preserve and narrate local history. Grounded in the literature on cultural tourism and authenticity, this paper presents a qualitative case study of the Pioneer Village at the John Hay Center in Salem, Indiana, based upon participant observation, informal interviews and content analysis. Attention is paid to the interplay between national myths – i.e. the opening of the frontier and Manifest Destiny – and the particulars of the local history of early nineteenth-century Salem with an emphasis on the preservation and presentation of material culture. The framing of the local against the national results in a village that conforms to general ideas about what a pioneer village should look like, including spurious building types that lend an air of inauthenticity to the site. However, the material culture that is on display is deemed authentic by the designers of the site and is predicated upon an understanding of the term that privileges local provenance. Artifacts, from looms to logs, are rated as authentic because of whence and from whom they have come, i.e. the significant families in the county.     

The Calculable and the Incalculable: Narratives of Safety and Danger in the Mountains

This article uses biographical narrative interviews with 22 New Zealand mountaineers to examine their relationship with safety and danger. Interpretation of the empirical material draws on theories about the social and cultural construction of risk to illuminate the complex processes by which the mountaineers make sense of the dangers they encounter in the mountains. The findings challenge existing theories that view risk taking as a defining characteristic of mountaineering and contribute towards a more in-depth understanding of the construction of meaning around safety, danger, and risk in these types of leisure experiences.     

A conceptual framework of impression management: new insights from psychology,sociology and critical perspectives

In this paper we develop a conceptual framework, based on the concepts of rationality and motivation, which uses theories and empirical research from psychology/behavioural finance, sociology and critical accounting to systematise, advance and challenge research on impression management. The paper focuses on research that departs from economic concepts of impression management as opportunistic managerial discretionary disclosure behaviour resulting in reporting bias or ‘cheap talk’. Using alternative rationality assumptions, such as bounded rationality, irrationality, substantive rationality and the notion of rationality as a social construct, we conceptualise impression management in alternative ways as (1) self-serving bias, (2) symbolic management and (3) accounting rhetoric. This contributes to an enhanced understanding of impression management in a corporate reporting context.     

Anticipating intended users: prospective sensemaking in technology development

How do developers and designers of a new technology make sense of intended users? The critical groundwork for user-centred technology development begins not by involving actual users’ exposure to the technological artefact but much earlier, with designers’ and developers’ vision of future users. Thus, anticipating intended users is critical to technology uptake. We conceptualise the anticipation of intended users as a form of prospective sensemaking in technology development. Employing a narrative analytical approach and drawing on four key communities in the development of Grid computing, we reconstruct how each community anticipated the intended Grid user. Based on our findings, we conceptualise user anticipation in terms of two key dimensions, namely the intended possibility to inscribe user needs into the technological artefact as well as the intended scope of the application domain. In turn, these dimensions allow us to develop an initial typology of intended user concepts that in turn might provide a key building bloc towards a generic typology of intended users.