中欧关系中的香港因素探析

在一个半世纪的英殖民统治时期．香港就逐渐成为中国与欧洲乃至西方交流的一座桥梁。自1997年主权回归后。香港在“一国两制”下的特殊地位以及欧盟对香港经济政治事务的密切关注使其在中欧关系中发挥着独特的影响。香港既可以成为中欧之间密切经贸联系的桥梁和纽带,也可能因其内部政治事务的发展而对中欧关系构成挑战。为此,我们在战略性地推动香港在中欧关系中的“门户”作用的同时,也不能忽视外来势力对中国主权与安全构成的潜在威胁。     

Merit and Evaluation Models for Managers in the National Health System： An Empirical Study

The national health system （NHS） complexity increase requires a review of the managerial human resources evaluation and recruiting methods, considering that nowadays doctors need to improve not just their clinical capabilities, but also managerial competences. At this end it is important to develop performances control models and to identify appropriate results indicators, with the aim of introducing an effective doctors selection system for managerial roles. The paper considers the Italian situation and tests the current evaluation and selection methods, by analysing the literature and the existing legislation and by interviewing experts. Moreover, in order to reach an innovative model, complex organizations have been taken into account as benchmarks. Three different categories of experts have been interviewed and texted： national health care organizations managers, companies managers, and business consultants. The 137 interviewed experts have been asked about four main questions concerning the evaluation for hiring managers as chief medical director, department director, and head of complex units. The conducted research suggests four different options in order to evaluate and to select heads of complex unit for the most strategic roles. By consequence, the analysis shows that required characteristics must be managerial attitudes as well as clinical capabilities.     

儒家文化精华在当代文化建设中的价值

儒家文化是中国传统文化的核心,取其精华将其运用到社会主义先进文化建设中去,有利于提高公民道德修养,促进社会全面进步和人的全面发展,推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣,提升我国综合国力和国际竞争力。     

新“国五条”的两种可能结果：一个基于理性预期的分析——以天津市为例

2013年2月20日,国务院常务会议决定加强房地产市场调控力度,出台了新“国五条”。新“国五条“继承了中央紧缩的房地产市场调控思路,进一步打压房价,限制二手房交易并鼓励保障性住房建设,尤其是其规定的对个人二手房销售者按照销售收入征收20％的个税更是引起国内一片争论,许多二手房持有者急于在新政策实行前出手自己的房屋。事实上,新“国五条”是一把双刃剑,在取得房价可以预期的立竿见影的下跌的同时,为未来的房地产市场甚至中国经济埋下了隐患,这些隐患究竟是什么,如何做可以避免这些隐患,从这些问题出发,提出了一些建议,有一定的参考价值。     

Monetising the Classical Equations: a theory of circulation

The Classical Equations describe output and income in real terms.To use them to analyse aggregate demand, the transactions theydescribe must be ‘monetised’. A sum of money equalto the wage bill of the capital goods sector can be shown tobe necessary and sufficient to carry out all transactions, ina process of circulation which also defines an expression forvelocity. When money has intrinsic value, the quantity approachmay hold in the short run but, in the long run, money will beendogenous. In these conditions, the rate of interest will bedetermined by the supply and demand for reserves, but when moneyis purely nominal, only a minimum rate will be fixed, and therate of interest will have to be pegged. The Appendix developsthe Classical Equations and shows that they define an invariableunit of account.     

National Income Accounting and Public Policy

Modern national income accounting was designed in the early 20th century for the purpose of providing improved indicators about the performance of the economy so that government policy makers could better control the economy. The way that performance is measured affects the types of policies used to try to accomplish policy goals. Two attributes of national income accounting are analyzed for their effects on economic policy. First, government production is included in the national income accounts at cost, rather than at market value as private sector output is measured. This biases policy toward a larger public sector. Second, output is measured as a homogeneous dollar amount. This biases policy toward focusing on increasing quantities of inputs and outputs in the production process, rather than on innovation and entrepreneurship, which are the true engines of economic progress. Economic policy could be improved by focusing less on national income as an indicator of policy, and more on the underlying processes that foster economic progress.     

利率全面开放时期的风险识别与防范

综观国际上实施利率市场化改革的经验和教训,不难看到虽然利率市场化是提高金融系统效率和效益的必要途径,然而它也将给该国的经济,金融系统带来许多严重的风险。我国目前正加紧利率市场化改革步伐,为使改革顺利进行,减轻负面影响,研究和探讨防范和管理利率市场时期的风险的方法和途径应是我们面临的迫切任务。本将利用保险理论中风险管理的思想,来分析,研究这类风险的管理与防范,希望能起到抛砖引玉的作用。     

利率管制松绑、企业会计信息披露质量与融资约束

已有研究发现,以资本价格——利率为代表的要素市场改革会对企业行为产生重要影响,但这种影响的作用机理如何通过改变资本市场中的信息供求关系予以实现,亟待深入研究。为此,本文以我国2013年央行全面放开利率管制为背景,基于产权性质差异构建双重差分模型,检验利率管制松绑在企业层面的信息溢出效应。研究发现:央行全面放开利率管制不仅有助于促进企业披露高质量的会计信息,还能够缓解企业的融资约束,且企业信息披露质量的提升是导致利率管制松绑降低融资约束的重要渠道。进一步研究发现,对于市场化程度较低地区、R&D投入较高以及短期贷款占比较大的公司,上述信息溢出效应更加显著;另外,利率管制松绑后企业披露高质量的会计信息能够增进投资者的信任,提高信息披露的价值相关性。以上研究结论表明,为应对利率市场化改革带来的机遇与挑战,保障可持续发展,企业会选择主动优化信息环境,来消除信贷市场摩擦,解决"融资难"问题。     

政府财政行为对劳动收入占比的影响——基于2004—2011年中国省级面板数据的实证分析

运用广义矩估计法(GMM)并利用2004—2011年中国省级面板数据,考察了中国政府的财政收支行为及其他相关因素对劳动收入占比的影响,并对实证结果进行了稳健性检验。研究结果表明:政府的财政支出行为与劳动收入占比的关系曲线呈显著的倒U型,在样本观察期内两者正相关,引入时间虚拟变量后政策效果更加明显;政府的财政收入行为对劳动收入占比的影响为负;第三产业占比、资本深化、劳动保护等因素对劳动收入占比具有正向影响,人力资本、对外贸易等因素对劳动收入占比具有负向作用。     

新古典生产函数的质疑与货币量值的生产函数

新古典理论以生产函数和效用函数为基础,建立了技术关系的稀缺资源有效配置理论,其核心是表明商品和要素稀缺性的相对价格.生产函数在微观尚可应用,但并不能用于解释总量经济和经济增长与波动问题.尤其是总供给完全取决于实物生产函数的投入产出关系,这与总需求分析所采用的货币支出是不协调的.货币量值的生产函数的推导表明,总供给只是企业的货币成本函数而不联系到技术上的投入产出关系,而所有的国民收入核算中的货币量值都只是表明人们经济关系的名义变量而与实物的技术关系或生产函数是完全无关的.