“This is a holy place of Ama Jomo”: buen vivir,indigenous voices and ecotourism development in a protected area of Bhutan

Common definitions of ecotourism address the need to benefit the well-being of local people; in reality, ecotourism is often supported or dominated by external agents. Local ideological, social and cultural values may be overlooked, thereby disenfranchising local and indigenous stakeholders. This paper examines indigenous perceptions of ecotourism and well-being, and how they relate to ecotourism practices in three Brokpa communities of the first protected area in Bhutan to become a special tourism destination. A range of methods (e.g. semi-structured interviews, participatory mapping) was used and data analysis was couched in the context of buen vivir (living well), an indigenous concept of well-being. Findings indicate that: (1) perceptions of ecotourism vary between community members and contrast with the official park definition; (2) well-being is conceived in diverse ways but corresponds to key features of buen vivir; (3) indigenous worldviews are pervasive, and shape social values and spiritual beliefs in connection to nature; and (4) indigenous cosmologies and traditional values may be strengthened through their integration into modern policies and institutions. This research contributes more non-Western voices to the literature, a concept and mode of analysis for well-being that embraces an indigenous ontology, and empirical insights on indigenous communities in protected areas.     

基于无交叉遗传算法的物流车辆路径问题研究

设计并实现了一种求解基本车辆路径问题的无交叉遗传算法,阐述了无交叉遗传算法求解物流车辆路径问题的关键技术,包括编码方案、初始种群生成方案、适应度函数、种群选择方案和变异操作等;并对比了使用目标函数倒数法和目标函数做差法构造适应度函数时的求解效果。实验结果表明,给出的无交叉遗传算法在求解车辆路径问题上具有良好的性能。     

The Role of Built,Human, Social,and Natural Capital in Determining Land Values,and the Influence of Demographics upon this Relationship

Abstract

We use various statistical methods to compare the extent to which different households are willing to invest in and pay for access to four types of capital—built, human, natural, and social. We further assess to what extent such preferences can be predicted by a measure of neighbourhood demographics. We develop indicators for each of the four types of capital at the census block group level for Baltimore, MD, USA. We use analysis of variance to examine differences in these indicators between demographic groups and multiple linear regression to examine the influence on unimproved land values of the four types of capital.     

An enhanced dynamic hash TRIE algorithm for lexicon search

Information retrieval (IR) is essential to enterprise systems along with growing orders, customers and materials. In this article, an enhanced dynamic hash TRIE (eDH-TRIE) algorithm is proposed that can be used in a lexicon search in Chinese, Japanese and Korean (CJK) segmentation and in URL identification. In particular, the eDH-TRIE algorithm is suitable for Unicode retrieval. The Auto-Array algorithm and Hash-Array algorithm are proposed to handle the auxiliary memory allocation; the former changes its size on demand without redundant restructuring, and the latter replaces linked lists with arrays, saving the overhead of memory. Comparative experiments show that the Auto-Array algorithm and Hash-Array algorithm have better spatial performance; they can be used in a multitude of situations. The eDH-TRIE is evaluated for both speed and storage and compared with the naïve DH-TRIE algorithms. The experiments show that the eDH-TRIE algorithm performs better. These algorithms reduce memory overheads and speed up IR.     

When natural resources run out,market knowledge steps in: Lessons on natural resource deployment from a longitudinal study in a resource-scarce region of Ethiopia

With the increasing scarcity of natural resources, the ability to maintain quality standards during resource-scarce times becomes more critical for business performance. Theories on managing resource scarcity cannot be easily tested in contexts where resources are still abundant. This study therefore turns to an emerging market context in which natural resource availability naturally varies strongly between seasons, namely, that of Ethiopian pastoralists who for many generations learned to adapt to natural resource scarcity. Central to our theory is the natural resource deployment capability, which is the ability of a business to make efficient and effective use of available resources to maintain business performance during resource-scarce times. Using three-wave longitudinal data from 120 pastoral family-based livestock businesses, the study shows that when resources are scarce or extremely scarce, market knowledge helps to better deploy the scarce natural resources, leading to higher product quality. The findings imply that businesses with a better understanding of markets have stronger natural resource deployment capability. The lesson for businesses that are confronted with approaching resource scarcity is therefore to strengthen their ability to deploy resources efficiently and effectively by strengthening their market knowledge in which such capability is rooted.     

Understanding consumers' purchase intentions toward natural‐claimed products: A qualitative research in personal care products

In recent years there is a trend of consuming natural products for a sustainable and healthier life. Therefore, firms began aligning their strategy with sustainability by communication strategies that they produce natural products, which are better for health as well as the environmental sustainability. However, sometimes these claims may be deceptive. The purpose of this paper is to understand the consumers' purchasing intentions toward products claiming naturalness in their advertising and packaging strategies. This research also examined greenwashing perceptions and their potential roles in purchasing intentions. In‐depth face‐to‐face interviews carried out with 20 Turkish women regarding personal care products (local brand and international brand). The findings of the interviews revealed eight themes (perceived greenwashing, perceived green image, price perception, environmental concern, green trust, skepticism, perceived risk, and purchase intention). This study contributes to predict a framework from consumer viewpoint for identifying the themes related to greenwashing.     

后路隧道施工重点及难点分析研究

本文主要以中石化中原建设工程有限公司承建的海西天然气管网二期工程-后路隧道工程为例,分析研究大坡度、小断面隧道施工中的控制重点、难点及相关处理措施,并通过对隧道开挖的重点环节进行分析研究来确定相应的应对措施,旨在为今后类似情况的隧道施工提供科学依据。     

东寨港红树林自然保护区生态风险自然干扰分析

本文以海南省东寨港红树林自然保护区为例,选取7个指标作为研究区主要生态风险自然干扰源,并提出度量自然干扰的指标和公式,建立综合干扰评价模型,完成了区域生态风险自然干扰源的分析与评价。研究区中各种自然干扰类型的影响强度排序依次为水淹>风害>生物灾害>冷害;风暴潮>热带气旋>病虫害>海平面上升>极端冷温>潮汐>生物自然入侵。在此基础上提出东寨港红树林自然保护区生态风险管理与应对对策。     

人文学的毗邻大类

人文学不是通常意义上的一级学科,而是笼罩众多人文一级学科的学科大场合。要找人文学的左邻右舍,可以举出自然学、科学学和社会学三大门类。它们是好邻居。在人文学与自然学之间,科学学的科连科接,让文明成就非凡;社会学的经世致用,给世界许多关切。在人文学与科学学之间,自然学的泰然而然,使世界永远有其深远;社会学的励精图治,为使天下常有祥和的炊烟。在人文学与社会学之间,自然学的避熟避俗,提供了许多足令人文社科资始资生的前提性资源。用某一个笼统的学科涵摄一切失之芜杂,而日见繁琐的学科分裂又积重难返。揭示人文学、自然学、社会学和科学学相分相连的联系,关照的是当今世界文教发展的一种知其通而统其类的必然。     

论述壁面剪应力在提高固井水泥浆顶替效率的研究

固井工程是一项应用工程,是建井过程中的重要环节,它直接影响钻井周期和建井成本,以及油田开发方案的实施。深井、超深井的井下地质条件非常复杂,对固井质量有许多不利的因素,在井下条件确定的情况下,决定性的因素是环空流动的壁面剪应力,它是影响顶替效率的主要因素。