高新技术企业研发人员激励因素回顾与实证构想

高新技术企业研发人员激励因素主要体现为薪酬激励因素、知识分享激励因素和职业发展激励因素。这三种激励因素与研发人员工作满意度的关系可以通过构建概念模型、提出相关假设以及进行变量测度来进行实证研究。     

Do employment quotas explain the occupational choices of disadvantaged minorities in India?

This article investigates the effects of a large-scale public sector employment quota policy for disadvantaged minorities (Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes) in India on their occupational choices, as defined by skill level, during the 1980s and 1990s. We find that, first, the employment quota policy significantly affects the occupational structure of both disadvantaged minority populations. In response to the employment quotas, individuals belonging to the Scheduled Caste group are more likely to choose high-skill occupations and less likely to choose low- and middle-skill occupations, while individuals belonging to the Scheduled Tribe group are less likely to choose high-skill occupations and more likely to choose low- and middle-skill occupations. Second, the impact of the employment quotas is significantly related with an individual’s years of schooling. Overall, the results indicate that the employment quota policy changes the occupational choices of individuals within the targeted populations and contributes to their improved socio-economic standing.     

Retraining for the unemployed and the quality of the job match

ABSTRACT

In Germany, retraining is an important measure in active labour market policy, providing unemployed individuals with extensive vocational training. Using administrative data, we show that retraining participants are more likely to take up jobs that require their educational degree and are more often employed in those occupations for which they have received vocational training. Moreover, retraining leads to higher earnings. As these effects may be driven by the positive impact of retraining on employment, we additionally try to isolate the direct effect by restricting our analyses to those formerly unemployed who find employment irrespective of participation in retraining.     

Using the past to map out the future of occupational health and safety research: where do we go from here?

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to take stock of the extant research on occupational health and safety (OHS) with the aim of identifying gaps and mapping out a future research agenda for human resource management (HRM) scholars. A comprehensive review of OHS research from 1956 to 2019 was first conducted. A total of 564 articles from 17 leading journals were then identified and categorized into five distinct, yet inter-related, themes: (1) antecedents and work-related factors influencing OHS; (2) industrial policy and regulations surrounding OHS; (3) OHS management practices; (4) approaches to, and models of, managing OHS and (5) outcomes of OHS management. The review also discusses OHS research methodologies and design foci. Overall, we found that OHS research is poorly integrated into the field of HRM, and we identify a plethora of opportunities for HR researchers to add value to this field of research. A future agenda is formulated, encompassing new OHS theory-building, novel directions for empirical research, and innovations in research design and methodology.     

物业管理职业技能考核鉴定的创新模式探索

物业管理职业技能的教学与培训，需要考核鉴定来检验。考核鉴定模式的创新，对物业管理教学与培训能起到良好的导向作用。开发出符合物业管理职业技能考核鉴定特点和需求的创新考核鉴定办法，可以较好地促进物业管理职业技能教学培训取得跨跃式的发展。本课题的考核鉴定创新模式研究，考核鉴定方式遵循科学实用、符合物业管理教学与培训特点要求的理念导向进行相应的创意开发，力求实用多样；考核鉴定内容侧重研究开发具有服务功能和实用价值的操作型业务技能，出题凸显职业化、技能化和现代化；考核组织规范化；以求考核鉴定更加符合职业教育的特点和富有实效。     

Regulating Work: Measuring the Scope and Burden of Occupational Licensure Among Low‐ and Moderate‐Income Occupations in the United States

This study examines the scope and burden of occupational licensing laws in the United States for 102 low‐ and moderate‐income occupations. Findings indicate that the licences studied require of aspiring workers, on average, $US209 in fees, one exam, and about nine months of education and training, plus minimum grade and age levels. Data also indicate striking disparities in requirements within and between occupations and within and between states. These inconsistencies likely reflect not the relative public health and safety risks of occupations, but instead the lobbying prowess of practitioners in securing laws to shut out competition.     

浅谈引航员在海事调查中的重要作用

针对目前海上安全事故调查取证的形式和方法,深入分析港口引航员的职业技术特点及行业优势。提出了在海事调查中,引入事故水域引航机构相关引航员作为海事调查证据提供方的必要性和可行性。从而提高海事调查的有效性和公信度,使我们的调查结论更专业、更科学、更完善、更准确。     

THE GENDER GAP IN PRIVATE PENSIONS

In many western countries, older women receive considerably less private pension income than older men on average. We analyse this differential in Britain, examining differences between the sexes both in private pension coverage and in pension income conditional on receipt. Using regression‐based decompositions, we show that both gender gaps are associated mainly with differences in returns to personal characteristics rather than with differences in personal characteristics per se.     

The Integration of Quality,Environmental and Health and Safety Management by Car Manufacturers – a Long‐Term Empirical Study

The diversity of stakeholder requirements is currently a pivotal challenge for companies. Stakeholders expect companies to increasingly consider environmental and social aspects in their decisions. Thus, corporate goal systems are including not only qualitative and financial goals, but also environmental and social ones. Management systems for ensuring quality, environmental and occupational safety play an important role in achieving these objectives. Considering the interdependency between the different systems constitutes a central challenge. Much of the literature and the results from empirical studies suggest that the spatial application of integrated management systems is state of the art. Integrated management systems in particular are regarded as more effective and more efficient than separate and distinct management systems. However, the present long‐term study demonstrates that for car manufacturers in Germany these integration efforts are implemented in very different ways, and that some integration approaches are partially abandoned after a period of unsatisfactory implementation. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

我国煤炭行业职业健康监护现状与对策

以我国煤炭行业职业危害的严峻形势为切入点,分析了煤炭行业职业健康监护的现状,对存在的主要问题进行了总结和归纳,提出了煤炭行业促进职业健康监护的对策。