Entrepreneurial innovativeness and growth ambitions in thick vs. thin regional innovation systems

Research in economic geography has paid increasing attention to regional innovation systems (RISs) as a potential vehicle for growth and development. Yet despite an increasing amount of research studying RISs in particular and economic regions in general, we have limited knowledge about their influence on entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship. We respond to this knowledge gap and study if entrepreneurs’ localization in thick vs. thin RISs affects their innovativeness and growth ambitions. Thick RISs are predominately urbanized spaces that include organizations of higher-level education, R&D intensive milieus, and an ample industry sector, while thin RISs to a lesser degree encompass these features. Empirically, we analyse 870–917 entrepreneurial firms in Agder of Southern Norway. Based on trade and labour markets, as defined by the EU’s classification of local administrative units (LAU1), we identify two thick and six thin RISs in Agder. Econometric analyses show that entrepreneurs located in thick RISs are more innovative than entrepreneurs located in thin RISs, but there are no significant differences concerning entrepreneurs’ growth ambitions. In light of our findings, we discuss the potential agency role played by entrepreneurial firms at a micro level on path dependent features of RISs at a macro level.     

基于股权结构差异的银行经营效率研究——对13家上市商业银行数据的实证分析

本文运用CCR模型对我国上市商业银行的经营效率进行了评估,同时引入超效率模型,对所研究样本的经营效率进行深入分析和综合排序。通过对各商业银行经营效率按照股权性质和股权集中度进行分组,本文发现五大国有控股商业银行的整体经营效率远低于其他8家已经上市的全国性股份制商业银行,而且商业银行的股权集中度与银行效率呈现＂倒U型的关系＂。通过进一步对非DEA有效的商业银行的投入产出指标进行DEA相对有效面上的投影,发现固定资产净值未有效利用、员工人数过多以及存款总额利用效率不高,是制约这些上市商业银行非DEA有效的瓶颈。针对问题,本文从投入产出的角度提出若干提高DEA效率的对策措施。     

全面优化教学环境运行机制的研究探讨

教学环境的优劣对于学生的身心发展有着极为重要的影响。要在正确认识教学环境重要作用的基础上,构建全面优化教学环境的运行机制,关键就是要构建政策支持的领导管理机制,建立传统教学与现代化教学的协调和共享机制,建立全面覆盖的教师培训交流机制,构建多元化的绩效评价机制。     

科技创新平台的结构和内部关系对其运行绩效的影响——以浙江省为例

以浙江省科技创新平台为例,实证研究了科技创新平台的结构对平台运行绩效的影响,以及平台内部关系对该影响关系的调节作用。结果表明:成员能力和内部联结度对平台运行绩效具有显著的正向影响,规模和异质性对平台运行绩效具有显著的负向影响;相容度加强了成员能力和内部联结度对平台运行绩效的积极影响。最后提出提升科技创新平台运行绩效的政策建议。     

Selection of Operation and Management Model for Industrial Mesoeconomy

Just as the regional economy and city economy, the industrial economy is the economic aggregation lying in between the macroeconomy and microeconomy. Mesoeconomic management is the extension of the macroeconomic management and has its own operation rules. The relationship between the macroeconomic and the mesoeconomic management is just like between the general department and the specialized department of the government while reflecting on the subject of the management. Establishment of the mesoeconomic management system is a model of the reform in the specialized economic departments of Chinese government.     

中国期权市场运作规则的制定与验证研究

笔者以郑商所期权核心规则制定和期权模拟测试结果为例进行分析。介绍中国期权市场运作研究项目背景,研究期权市场的重要功能、期权市场与期货市场关系,探讨中国期权上市的可行性以及如何进一步做好期权上市准备工作、加快上市步伐等实际运作问题。     

Give peas a chance: Transformations in food consumption and production systems

Food production chains can be organised in a variety of ways. Conventional ‘industrial’ agricultural practices are based on advanced breeding techniques and major inputs of chemical fertilisers and pesticides. Food produced in this way is transport-intensive, requires high-energy processing, relies on modern retailing systems and demands high-tech kitchens. Many argue that the industrialised systems should be dismantled and replaced with alternative methods of agriculture, food processing and distribution that emphasise social and environmental sustainability. This paper looks at the environmental and social sustainability of different strategies for food systems by analysing the whole chain of production, processing, distribution and consumption activities of the production of frozen peas, a vegetable that is ‘symbolic’ of modern food systems and the UK diet.     

Study on the Interior Market Network Structure and Its Efficiency in a Knowledge Based Company

A knowledge based company is the microcosmic foundation of the knowledge economy, the design of its organization structure should amplify the company competence to be agile to the knowledge elements. This paper expounds an interior market network structure which is fit for the company intellectual capital operation, and analyses this organization pattern about the reasons of existence, the effectiveness of growing up in scale, the economies of knowledge distribution and the efficiency of operation, and it will provide some beneficial theoretical guidance about how can a company improve its competition competence in the knowledge environment through organization innovation.     

Asymptotic expected number of Nash equilibria of two-player normal form games

The formula given by McLennan [The mean number of real roots of a multihomogeneous system of polynomial equations, Amer. J. Math. 124 (2002) 49–73] is applied to the mean number of Nash equilibria of random two-player normal form games in which the two players have M and N pure strategies respectively. Holding M fixed while N→∞, the expected number of Nash equilibria is approximately . Letting M=N→∞, the expected number of Nash equilibria is , where is a constant, and almost all equilibria have each player assigning positive probability to approximately 31.5915 percent of her pure strategies.     

The structure of bias in peer voting systems: lessons from the Eurovision Song Contest

This paper assesses whether and how common characteristics of jury members or peer voters affect the outcomes of voting systems. In particular, we analyze to what extent these common features result in voting bias. We take as a case study the Eurovision Song Contest for which an extensive amount of historical data is available. In contrast to earlier studies we analyze the impact of common factors on the bias individually for each country, which is necessary to substantiate the publicly debated accusations of regional block voting by certain groups of countries. We establish strong evidence for voting bias in the song contest on the basis of geography, even after correction for culture, language, religion and ethnicity. However, these effects do generally not correspond to the usual accusations. We believe that our findings extend to all instances where groups of jury members or peer voters share certain common factors, which may cause voting bias. It is important to identify such structures explicitly, as it can help avoiding bias in the first place. The authors are grateful to Marieke van Dijk for excellent research assistance and to Laurens Swinkels, Ieva Pudane, Gijsbert van Lomwel, Jelena Stefanovic, and Bas van den Heuvel for useful comments. The usual disclaimer applies.