企业物流运作模式的比较分析

物流运作模式是指企业对其生产经营过程中涉及的物流活动的管理方式和操作标准。企业物流运作模式是构建物流系统的前提,物流运作模式的选择因企业而异。本文对现阶段4种主要的物流运作模式从其功能、特点进行了分析,指出了不同物流运营模式的优势与不足,明确了适用范围,为企业科学选择物流模式提供参考。     

第四方物流运行环境初探

4PL是一个供应链的集成,通过整合社会资源,解决物流信息充分共享、社会物流资源充分利用的问题.4PL的运行需要相应的经济、政策法律、风险规避制度、技术、管理人员和制度等宏观环境和微观环境支持,才能保证第四方物流的实现条件和风险规避。     

独立董事责任保险制度探析

独立董事制度虽然对我国公司治理方面起到了一定的推动作用,但由于独立董事因可能承担过多的责任而导致其作用难以有效发挥。因此,有必要完善现有的独立董事制度,通过建立独立董事责任保险制度来分散和降低独立董事的职业风险,借以平衡独立董事的义务与利益之间的冲突。     

Trend forecasting for stability in supply chains

This paper revisits the use of trend forecasting to determine ordering policy in supply chains by viewing it as a part of the control process for making the supply responsive to demand. Trend forecasting is often used to assess demand — a tracked variable in the control context, which drives supply — a tracking variable. Used in this way, it is often observed to increase instability creating the so-called bullwhip effect. Trend is used on the other hand with reliability to increase stability in controller control, but with the difference that a trend of a tracking variable is used to drive correction. While both processes involve use of trend to determine policies for achieving reliable performance, the outcomes of the former are variable while those of the later can create improvement in control with certainty. The similarities and differences between the two processes are discussed and guidelines developed for applying trend forecasting to enhance stability in supply chains.     

THE IMPACT OF GREEN REVOLUTION ON RICE PRODUCTION IN VIETNAM

The current paper reviewed the development of the Green Revolution in Vietnam, using long‐term regional yield and modern variety adoption statistics, as well as household data collected in 1996 and 2003. The present study indicates that the Green Revolution began in irrigated favorable areas and spread to the less favorable areas in Vietnam such as in other Asian countries. What is unique in Vietnam is that although the Green Revolution ended in the mid‐1980s in the Philippines and Indonesia, it has still been sustained as of 2003. Our analyses revealed that such growth had been supported by continuous improvements of modern varieties by regional research institutes. The varieties imported from China have contributed to the Green Revolution in northern Vietnam and those developed by the International Rice Research Institute in southern Vietnam. The national agricultural research systems have also played a critically important role in developing location‐specific and appropriate technologies.     

我国企业对外直接投资面临的挑战与对策

随着我国国际收支经常项目顺差的不断延续和外汇储备的不断增加,国内企业界和学者对我国企业走出国门从事国际化经营的问题开始重视。在这种背景下,我国企业不仅有必要走出去,而且有了现实条件走出国门,到海外投资,在全球范围从事资源的利用和生产的现实条件,为进一步开拓国际市场提供有力的支持。     

The Behavior of the Real Exchange Rate Under Fixed and Floating Exchange Rate Regimes

This article investigates the behavior of real exchange rates under fixed and flexible exchange rates. Using data from both the Bretton Woods and the modern floating periods, we decompose real exchange rate movements into components attributable to supply shocks, real demand shocks, monetary shocks, capital flows shocks, and real oil price shocks. Empirical results show that real demand shocks are an important source of real exchange rate movements under both fixed and flexible rates, while monetary shocks are negligible. Supply and oil price shocks seem to be more important under Bretton Woods, while capital flows shocks seem to explain a relatively higher proportion of real exchange rate movements under the modern floating period.     

Land administration “best practice” providing the infrastructure for land policy implementation

Land administration systems, and particularly their core cadastral components, are an important infrastructure which facilitates the implementation of land use policies. While most land administration systems traditionally have a primary objective of supporting the operation of land markets, they are increasingly evolving into a broader land information infrastructure which supports economic development, environmental management and social stability in both developed and developing countries. While a great deal of attention is given to land use policies worldwide concerned with such areas as forest management, coastal zone management, environmental sustainability and managing the urban environment, less attention is given to the infrastructures which facilitate the implementation of the associated policies and programmes. Importantly, all these activities rely on some form of land administration infrastructure which permits the complex range of rights, restrictions and responsibilities in land to be identified, mapped and managed as a basis for policy formulation and implementation. As a result, there is an increasing interest in the concept of land administration infrastructures and their core cadastres, in the principles and policies concerned with establishing such infrastructures and in “best practices”. In addressing this need, this paper attempts to explain the evolving concept of land administration infrastructures, the concept of “best practice” and the concept of a land administration “tool box” of principles, policies, laws and technologies which are useful in reforming or re-engineering land administration systems in support of a broader land policy agenda.     

论创业投资的治理结构与风险控制机制

创业投资是一各上高风险投资,在其运行过程中存在严重的信息不对称,涉及到两个层次的委托代理关系。如何有效地克服投资者、创业投资家以及创业家三者之间的逆向选择与道德风险问题,将是影响创业投资成败的关键。本文运用代理理论,对创业投资的治理结构与风险控制机制进行了分析,以期在微观层面上理解创业投资的实际运作。     

关于企业理财的观念问题

“资金运动”理财观念是计划经济时期经济理论界对企业财务本质认识的反映,但它没有真正实现企业财务的本质尤其是进入２１世纪以后,其局限性更为明显。新世纪呼唤更新观念“资本营运”理财观念全面体现了公司财务的本质特征,与“资金运动”理财观念相比较,“资本营运”呈现出显著的特征。在“资产营运”理财观念的作用下,公司摆脱了“资金运动”的束缚,既可以对内投资,又可以对外投资;即可以生产经营一般商品,又可以生产经