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91.
本文提出了有效经济增长的概念,构建了有效经济增长动态模型,利用该模型建立了超额人均收入等相关变量的测定方法。在此基础上分别测算我国城镇部门与农村部门有效经济增长的相关指标,并进行比较分析。结果发现,改革开放以来我国城镇部门有效经济增长无论从绝对量上还是增长速度上都明显高于、快于农村部门;城镇部门有效经济增长的减损量大于农村部门;而农村部门对有效经济增长的减损强度却大于城镇部门。因此,推动城市化且合理控制城市化进程的速度,是降低我国有效经济增长的减损强度,实现有效经济增长可持续性的有力途径。  相似文献   
92.
    
Policy-makers often impose some cooling measures on the housing market when housing prices rise fast. Such policies yield limited success if housing prices are driven up by fundamentals. Estimating a fundamental price trend from observed price data is a challenge. We present an empirical methodology to separate housing price trends into fundamental and affordable components. Deviating from the common practice, we replace current income by a long-run income measure constructed from household incomes at different quantiles. This income measure provides a more suitable basis for constructing affordable house price levels. It also serves as a better fundamental variable, especially for segmented housing markets like that of Singapore. These price trends provide policy-makers with useful information to intervene into property markets to achieve desirable outcomes. Analysing Singapore data using this methodology shows the magnitudes of the price gaps between actual and fundamental prices and how housing affordability fluctuates over price cycles.  相似文献   
93.
Capital structure denotes enterprises' form and proportion relation of various long-term funds source. The capital structure is the combination problem of the long-term funds about enterprise development and it is the quantity and proportion between every fund form. This paper analyzes the various factors which affect capital structural decision-making, and introduces capital structural optimization theory of the shelter benefit of tax revenue and bankruptcy cost balance. It studies the method and the evaluation criterion of capital structural optimization. And it constructs capital structural optimization model of coexistence condition of company's income tax and individual income tax. This will be very helpful for the rationality of enterprise capital structure.  相似文献   
94.
    
Abstract:

This article engages with the issue of income convergence between North and South by using the autocatalytic hypothesis of growth and development. Two system models describe positive and negative feedback loops which govern economic flows between North and South. The analysis of endogenous and exogenous negative feedbacks points to the process that would slowly push the world economy towards vanishing growth rates and, eventually, halt its material growth. The present work rejects convergence in per capita GDP between North and South from the theoretical perspective. Such an outcome would stand against one of the fundamental properties of autocatalytic dynamics—centripetality— that has its causal roots in the competitive process and capitalist institutions. In that sense, the autocatalytic hypothesis provides a theoretical explanation for those empirical analyses that dismisses convergence.  相似文献   
95.
根据2000_2010年跨国面板数据,利用随机效应tobit模型研究粮食、环境和能源对全球生物燃料替代化石燃料使用的影响。研究发现:粮食安全程度高的国家生物燃料替代程度较高,而生物燃料的过度发展有可能导致“与粮争地”和国际粮食市场价格上涨,从而危及粮食安全;碳排放强度能促进生物燃料替代水平的提高,但前提是该国具有较高的国民收入水平;能源安全考虑仅仅在发达国家内能影响生物燃料替代。相关结论为各国制定适合本国粮食安全状况和经济发展水平的生物燃料替代目标提供参考依据。  相似文献   
96.
    
This paper investigates why the upsurge of top income shares has coincided with economic slowdowns in the US since the late 1970s. I argue that a fast-growing unearned income from ‘wealth residual’ – the unexplained increase in wealth that is not accompanied by any increase in real output – lies behind them. To support this hypothesis, I measure wealth residual from the national accounts and associated statistics, and then perform a set of panel regressions using a comprehensive panel dataset of the US at the state level. The estimation results demonstrate that the rapid growth of wealth residual during the last four decades has contributed to a co-evolution of fast-growing inequality and falling growth.  相似文献   
97.
收益指标是财务报表使用者特别是投资人最为关心的会计信息.美国会计学者利特尔顿认为,收益是企业会计的重心,收益表是企业会计最重要的产品.历史成本原则、实现原则、配比原则是传统收益确定模式的重要支柱.全面收益突破了实现原则,更好地体现了权责发生制原则的要求,并在会计确认中坚持了适当稳健的原则,有利于提供与信息使用者决策相关的可靠信息.  相似文献   
98.
    
Self‐selection in rural–urban migration is examined using three datasets from rural and urban China in 2002. We construct a migrant sample including both migrants who converted their hukou status from rural to urban (permanent migrants) and those who did not (temporary migrants). We find a strong positive selection for permanent migrants, but the selection for temporary migrants is ambiguous. We reach these conclusions by comparing migrants' counterfactual wage densities, assuming they are paid as rural local workers, to actual wage densities of rural local workers. Our results imply that permanent migration has negative effects on rural human capital accumulation and income levels.  相似文献   
99.
对中国景区门票价格制定的思考   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
文章总结了不同类型门票价格的制定原则以及门票价格的作用,并据此对中国景区门票价格制定的现状问题进行了阐述和分析,指出中国大部份景区在制定价格时没有充分发挥门票价格的作用,以国家公园为代表的资源型景区的门票收入分配问题也成为业内关注的焦点。最后,文章从定价理念、规范化管理和增强景区综合赢利能力等三方面提出了建议。  相似文献   
100.
    
In this paper, a panel model which describes the relationship between individual labour income and stock prices in Germany is estimated. The specification allows the individuals to cluster concerning the model parameters that describe first the individual labour income dynamics and second the relationship between the individual labour income and financial markets. Methodically, a Bayesian model-based non-Gaussian panel data approach, proposed by Juarez and Steel (2010a), is used. A group of individuals with a high cluster assignment probability is found. The characteristics of this group, whose individuals share the same autoregressive dynamics and a common, relatively high dependence on financial markets, are investigated further. It can be shown that this group has a statistically significantly different partition of the major occupational groups. This leads to implications for various branches of the literature, such as the pricing of human capital contracts, the hedging of individual income risk, portfolio optimization or asset pricing.  相似文献   
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