管理工程专业人才培养现状及培养模式

缺乏高素质的管理人才是当今社会面临的主要问题。本文通过分析管理人才培养的现状及毕业生与社会需求的差距,对合理的培养模式进行了探讨。     

民族地区新型农村养老保险政策实施评估——以云南省开远市为例

本文对云南省开远市新型农村和城镇居民社会养老保险实施办法的制度替代率进行精算,得出了此试行办法替代率偏低的结论,在不改变政府补贴政策的情况下,为更好地保障参保人老年后的基本生活,建议改革固定金额缴费办法,使其与上年度城乡居民人均收入水平挂钩且实行按比例缴费。     

Curvature and the elasticity of substitution: Straightening it out

This paper demonstrates that, contrary to deeply rooted beliefs, there is no link between curvature and the elasticity of substitution. We show that there is no direct, nor inverse, relationship between the two concepts, if curvature of the isoquant is defined either in its strict mathematical sense or as the isoquant's second derivative. We finally suggest to view the elasticity of substitution as an efficiency parameter.     

Trade,wages, and the specific factors model: empirical evidence from manufacturing industries in Ghana

This study analyzes the impact of trade on wages in the context of the specific factors model by focusing on the link between trade and the average real wage. A recent paper by Jones and Ruffin (Rev Int Econ, 16:234–249, 2008) shows how one can use the specific factors model to predict how labor should fare from an improvement in the terms of trade. For this purpose, I use annual firm-level data on the manufacturing sector in Ghana during the period 1991–1997. I find that a ceteris paribus increase in the price of exportables in the wood industry would help labor but labor would be hurt by price increases in the food-baker, furniture, textile-garment, and metal-machinery industries.

Currency Substitution and Price Endings: Right Digit Effect

ABSTRACT

The strategic manipulation of prices. rightmost digits has been a tactic used by retailers in the western world for decades. By studying the internationalization of pricing tactics in a global economy, our research adds a much needed contribution to the literature of price endings and pricing tactics in global markets. We find that at lower price levels, consumers exposed to a 99 ending price in a currency substitution market are more likely to purchase the product compared to consumers in the US market. At higher price levels, on the other hand, consumers in either market situation exhibit no change in purchase intentions. Thus, the 99 ending tactic has no effect on consumers when the product is expensive. The use of the right digit effect by managers in a currency substitution/ dollarized economy as a way of persuading consumers to buy is still likely to be more successful compared to the USA market. As such, firms in a dollarized economy should structure their pricing strategies while taking into consideration the type of product they are offering and the consumer market they are dealing with.     

高校图书馆的人本化管理新解

本文通过对人本化管理的深入认识,根据高校图书馆的实际情况和当代大学生的行为习惯,对"为了读者一切"和"为了一切读者"两种"以人为本"的高校图书馆管理理念提出了异议,并阐明了自己的观点。     

中国—东盟自贸区如期建成背景下的人才培养研究

中国—东盟自由贸易区已于2010年1月1日如期建成,加强自由贸易区人才资源开发领域的交流与合作成为加快自由贸易区建设、促进自由贸易区发展繁荣的重要内容。研究中国—东盟自由贸易区需要的人才类型,在人才培养方面存在的主要问题,进而提出中国—东盟自由贸易区人才培养的对策,以满足自贸区发展对人才的需要。     

Labour inputs substitution during corporate restructuring: a translog model approach for US freight railroads

After deregulation in 1980, competitive pressures forced the large US freight railroads to reduce costs and restructure, resulting in an economic renaissance of the US railroad companies after years of poor financial conditions. The most striking restructuring measure receiving much attention was dramatic labour downsizing: until 2004 employment was reduced by 60%. But other overlooked measures are the significant restructuring of workforce composition, and important changes in railroads’ workplace organization practices and corporate culture. To better understand this successful occupational restructuring, I investigate labour inputs substitutional relationships by using a translog variable cost model. Labour is decomposed into six employee categories rather than traditional production–nonproduction breakdown to estimate inputs elasticities of substitution. The data investigated is a unique firm-level dataset on the US freight Class I Railroads, covering a 22-year period, which allows this fine-grained analysis. I also document railroad workplace organization practices relating to results and reflecting changes in railroads corporate culture. I find strong substitutability between managerial positions and transportation employees, pointing to achievement of better command and control of operations; a high degree of complementarity between the most skilled employee categories and the strongest substitute relationship between transportation and maintenance of Ways&Structures groups.     

Bilateral FDI and Canadian Export Activity

This study examines how Canadian exports to a specific trading partner are influenced by outward and inward direct investment flows to/from that country. A gravity-type empirical model guides a dynamic panel analysis which utilizes Organization For Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) country-level data from 1989–2007. Besides refuting the contention that outward foreign direct investment (FDI) displaces exports, the findings also imply a strong role for intra-firm based export growth in response to inward FDI. The analysis is enriched by explicitly accounting for the dominant position of the United States within the context of Canada's overall trade and investment flows.     

Person–Organization Fit and Public Service Motivation in the Context of Change

This study examines public sector change, motivation and person–organization (P–O) fit in a stress context. The results provide empirical evidence that change initiatives produce change-induced stressors. However, change processes, including participation in change decision-making and the provision of change information, increase public service motivation, reduce change-induced stressors and ultimately improve P–O fit and job satisfaction. The results also depict that, in the context of change, public service motivation positively influences job satisfaction, with this relationship partially mediated by P–O fit. Implications for New Public Management and the importance of change processes for reducing workplace stress are discussed.