农户宅基地退出意愿与行为转化研究*——基于金寨县的实证

[目的]为厘清农户宅基地退出意愿与行为的影响因素及意愿—行为的转化机理,以期为制定宅基地退出政策提供参考。[方法]文章借鉴已有研究,在农户分化的基础上,引入计划行为理论并将其进行修正,利用金寨县438户农户的问卷调查数据,采用Logistic回归模型对不同生计类型农户的宅基地退出意愿与行为影响因素进行分析,进而探讨其转化机理。[结果]不同类型农户退出意愿与行为的影响因素差异明显,非农收入占比较高与较低农户之间意愿—行为转化所受影响总体呈相反趋势。非农收入占比较低的农户退出意愿向行为转化过程中,政府作用和社会效应减弱,更加关注自身能力的可行性;而非农收入占比较高的农户意愿—行为转化过程中则淡化了自身需求和政策感知,更加重视社会示范效应和政府作用。自身禀赋条件是退出基础,决定着政府作用与社会示范效应的效用大小,农户意愿与行为的转化机理为:减少自身禀赋条件约束,增强外部效应。[结论]应适当提高退出补偿,改善农户退出后居住环境,完善退出后住房、医疗等社会保障,加强政策宣传,形成良好的退出环境,增强社会示范效应。     

计划行为理论视角下环境感知对农户宅基地退出意愿的影响研究基于上海涉农郊区农户的调查

目的 以计划行为理论为视角,从影响农户意愿的行为态度、主观规范和知觉行为控制3个层面出发,建立影响农户宅基地退出的计划行为理论分析框架。方法 文章基于上海市涉农郊区的农户调查数据,建立结构方程模型实证分析计划行为理论视角下农户的环境感知对宅基地退出意愿的影响。结果 研究发现,农户环境感知3个维度对宅基地退出意愿均有显著影响,综合路径系数从大到小依次为禀赋环境感知（0.503）＞政策环境感知（0.208）＞公共服务环境感知（0.175）。农户对禀赋环境、政策环境和公共服务环境3个维度的感知均对农户宅基地退出意愿有显著的正向影响。其中农户的禀赋环境感知路径系数最大,政策环境感知次之,公共服务环境感知的路径系数最小。结论 基于以上的影响因素分析,政府在改进宅基地退出有关政策时,应着重注意宅基地退出的经济补偿和退后农户的公共服务质量,同时保障政策执行的透明度和知情度。     

浅析市场经济体制下的企业计划管理

在市场经济体制下,企业计划管理仍是企业管理的首要职能,在社会主义市场经济体制下的企业管理与原先计划经济体制下企业管理有着本质的差异。并提出了企业计划管理如何适应市场经济的措施。     

The Effect of Organization-Based Self-Esteem and Deindividuation in Protecting Personal Information Privacy

In this research we apply the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to study decisions related to information privacy protection. A TPB-based model was proposed to investigate whether organization-based self-esteem and perceived deindividuation can be employed to measure the strength of the perceived behavioral control construct. In addition, we examined if the addition of a causal path linking subjective norms to attitudes and another causal path linking organization-based self-esteem to subjective norms enhanced our research model's predicting power. Our study shows that information systems (IS) professionals' intentions to protect personal information privacy are influenced by their attitudes, subjective norms, perceived deindividuation, and organization-based self-esteem. It further shows that attitudes are influenced by subjective norms, which, in turn, are influenced by organization-based self-esteem.     

计划经济体制是中国技工短缺问题的根源

在中国,技术工人短缺,特别是中、高级技术工人短缺的现象十分严重,其中的原因错综复杂,但计划经济体制的影响是根本原因。要解决这一问题,必须进一步提高市场化程度,充分依靠市场这只“看不见的手”来纠正技工短缺的现状。     

Testing the sufficiency of the theory of planned behavior: a case of customer dissatisfaction responses in restaurants

This study tested the sufficiency of both the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the extended TPB models by adding the variable of past behavior. In addition, the present study examined the mediating role of the TPB variables on the relationships between past behavior and customers’ intentions to engage in different types of dissatisfaction responses (i.e., voice, negative word-of-mouth communication, and exit). Results of the study demonstrated the strong predictive power of the original TPB mode but the inclusion of past behavior did not significantly improve the predictability of the three dissatisfaction response intentions. Furthermore, the mediating analyses indicated that the influence of past behavior was mediated by TPB variables. In the contexts of negative word-of-mouth communication, the effect of past behavior on intention was mediated by attitude. Meanwhile, both subjective norm and perceived behavioral control mediated the relationship between past behavior and the intention to engage in voice behavior.     

Understanding Factors Leading to Participation in Supplemental Instruction Programs in Introductory Accounting Courses

Abstract

Although studies have shown that supplemental instruction (SI) programs can have positive effects in introductory accounting courses, these programs experience low participation rates. Thus, our study is the first to examine the factors leading to student participation in SI programs. We do this through a survey instrument based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. Our study shows that students' attitudes toward the sessions affect their intent to participate in them. This attitude is influenced by students' perceptions that the sessions can help them in various ways. Results also show that influential others can influence student intent to participate in SI sessions. We also note that students' perceptions of the amount of personal control that they have over going to SI sessions have no effect on their participation in the sessions. We discuss how these findings can be leveraged to increase SI participation rates.     

网络创新社区中顾客参与创新行为的影响因素

基于计划行为理论,建立了网络创新社区中顾客参与创新行为的影响因素模型,归纳出8种影响顾客参与创新的内部和外部因素,并指出这些影响因素分别以创新态度、感知控制和主观规范为中介变量对顾客的参与创新行为产生影响。利用调查法收集数据,对提出的理论模型进行了实证检验。最后就如何有效管理和激励网络创新社区中的顾客参与创新行为提出建议和对策。     

食品供应链可追溯政策实施意愿研究-基于修正的计划行为理论的消费者选择意愿分析

运用修正的计划行为理论对590份有效样本进行调查分析,结果表明,消费者对食品信息可追溯政策的选择意愿更多地受到主观认知的影响,对食品安全风险更加敏感、对当前食品安全信息不信任、希望实施严格的食品行业从业限制并且教育程度较高的消费者更倾向于支持实施食品信息供应链上的可追溯政策。     

Socio-cultural transformations through tourism: a comparison of residents' perspectives at two destinations in Kerala,India

Kerala, a state in Southwestern India, evolved into a prominent international tourism destination primarily by linking tourism experiences with nature. Although sufficient significance has been accorded to tourism as a development strategy in Kerala, tourism's contributions to the development processes and the sustainability of tourism activities remain unexplored. Though tourism impacts have been extensively studied, researchers have rarely compared socio-cultural transformations in destinations with and without a planned intervention in tourism. This paper compares residents' perceptions on socio-cultural impacts of tourism at Kumily and Kumarakom in Kerala. The article explores whether tourism activities in Kumily, with its planned intervention, are more sustainable than in Kumarakom, without any interventions. The conversion of ex-poachers into forest protectors and the involvement of the marginalized people in community-based ecotourism are a few among the many transformations that have occurred at Kumily while haphazard tourism development at Kumarakom gave rise to several socio-cultural challenges. Primary data were collected through residents' survey, and the findings indicate that Kumily with its planned intervention has a more sustainable tourism development pattern than Kumarakom.